图书馆上座研究(技术细节)

Xc.Li
Apr.2016

Python部分

应用Python的BeautifulSoup库和RegEx获取图书馆网页上的座位信息。连续多天在相同时间获取数据,便于横向比较。
简单来说就是在每天7:00~23:00之间在每个小时的00,10,20,30,40,50分钟获取图书馆当时所有楼层的上座情况,然后保存到一个文件里。
获取数据的设计思路参考(这个是上学期编的程序,略有不同):用python自动获取图书馆空座信息
获得的数据保存为csv格式,数据格式:

date.csv
'time', dec_time,一楼在用,一楼空闲,二楼在用,二楼空闲...六楼在用,六楼空闲
例如:
"D:\OneDrive\Python\data\lib\Apr13.csv"
'22:30:07', 22.5, 19, 17, 150, 172, 203, 258, 153, 219, 135, 214, 34, 22

Stata部分

csv文件导入到Stata:
可以生存一张描绘所有楼层各个时间的图像,生成dta文件,便于进一步处理

图书馆上座研究(技术细节)_第1张图片
Apr13.png
change-format.do
clear
local date Apr13
local day Apr13_Wed3
infile str8 `day'time dec_time `day'l1a `day'l1b `day'l2a `day'l2b `day'l3a `day'l3b `day'l4a `day'l4b `day'l5a `day'l5b `day'l6a `day'l6b using D:\OneDrive\Python\data\lib\\`date'.csv
graph twoway line `day'l1a dec_time ||line `day'l2a dec_time || line `day'l3a dec_time || line `day'l4a dec_time || line `day'l5a dec_time || line `day'l6a dec_time, xlabel(7(1)23) ylabel(0(30)350)
save "D:\lib-data\\`date'.dta"

相关的python程序:

kol模块:自动切换Wifi网络保证在线
timer模块:每五分钟运行一次命令的实现
writocsv模块:见下文

主程序

# get library seats
# Designed By Xc.Li
import urllib
import BeautifulSoup
import re
import time
from os import system

import kol
import writetocsv
import timer


def find_number(keyword):
    for tag in tags:
        s_tag = str(tag)
        flag = re.match(keyword, s_tag)
        if flag is not None:
            return s_tag[54:-18]

while True:
    timer.func(10)
    kol.func()
    url = 'http://lib.ecust.edu.cn:8081/gateseat/lrp.aspx'
    html = urllib.urlopen(url).read()
    soup = BeautifulSoup.BeautifulSoup(html)
    tags = soup('span')

    output = list()
    output.append(time.ctime()[11:-5])
    # time in decimal
    hour = int(time.ctime()[11:13])
    minute = int(time.ctime()[14:16])
    decimal_time = round(hour + minute/60.0, 2)
    output.append(decimal_time)

    for floor in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]:
        # print 'Floor:', floor
        keyword = '^'
        # print 'Used:', find_number(keyword)
        output.append(int(find_number(keyword)))
        keyword = '^'
        # print 'Left:', find_number(keyword)
        output.append(int(find_number(keyword)))
    print output
    str_output = str(output)[1:-1]
    writetocsv.write('lib', 'default', str_output)
    time.sleep(60)
    system('cls')
    # auto-quit
    if hour == 22 and minute > 29:
        print "program ends!"
        writetocsv.write('lib', 'default', "program end at:%s" % time.ctime())
        time.sleep(5)
        break

writetocsv模块

# Write to CSV
# Designed By Xc.Li @ Mar.2016
import time
import os


def write(dirname, filename, content):
    if filename == "default":
        filename = time.ctime()[4:7]+time.ctime()[8:10]
    file_name = "D:\OneDrive\Python\\data\%s\%s.csv" % (dirname, filename)
    dir_name = "D:\OneDrive\Python\\data\%s" % dirname
    try:
        tf = open(file_name, 'a')
    except:
        os.system("mkdir "+dir_name)
        tf = open(file_name, 'a')
    tf.write(content)
    tf.write('\n')
    tf.close()

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