es 基础概念总结 —— Request Body Search

一、query DSL

叶子查询

于特定字段查询特定值。如 match, term 或 range 查询

复合查询

包装其它叶子查询或复合查询。如使用 bool or dis_max 混合多个查询

 

match_all

GET /_search
{
    "query": {
        "match_all": {}
    }
}

 

match

POST movies/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "title": "last christmas"
    }
  }
}

POST movies/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "title": {
        "query": "last christmas",
        "operator": "and"
      }
    }
  }
}

 

match_phrase

POST movies/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_phrase": {
      "title":{
        "query": "one love"
      }
    }
  }
}

POST movies/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match_phrase": {
      "title":{
        "query": "one love",
        "slop": 1
      }
    }
  }
}

 

布尔查询

POST _search
{
  "query": {
    "bool" : {
      "must" : {
        "term" : { "user" : "kimchy" }
      },
      "filter": {
        "term" : { "tag" : "tech" }
      },
      "must_not" : {
        "range" : {
          "age" : { "gte" : 10, "lte" : 20 }
        }
      },
      "should" : [
        { "term" : { "tag" : "wow" } },
        { "term" : { "tag" : "elasticsearch" } }
      ],
      "minimum_should_match" : 1,
      "boost" : 1.0
    }
  }
}

 

常量查询，等价于只有一个 filter 子句的 bool 查询，所有匹配的得分都为 1.0

GET _search
{
  "query": {
    "constant_score": {
      "filter": {
        "term": {
          "status": "active"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

 

命名子句，用于确定哪个子句命中匹配条件

GET /_search
{
    "query": {
        "bool" : {
            "should" : [
                {"match" : { "name.first" : {"query" : "shay", "_name" : "first"} }},
                {"match" : { "name.last" : {"query" : "banon", "_name" : "last"} }}
            ],
            "filter" : {
                "terms" : {
                    "name.last" : ["banon", "kimchy"],
                    "_name" : "test"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

 

最佳字段查询

分离最大化查询（Disjunction Max Query）指的是： 将任何与任一查询匹配的文档作为结果返回，但只将最佳匹配的评分作为查询的评分结果返回，而不是将所有匹配结果的得分相加。

示例：

{
    "query": {
        "dis_max": {
            "queries": [
                { "match": { "title": "Brown fox" }},
                { "match": { "body":  "Brown fox" }}
            ]
        }
    }
}

 返回

{
  "hits": [
     {
        "_id":      "2",
        "_score":   0.21509302,
        "_source": {
           "title": "Keeping pets healthy",
           "body":  "My quick brown fox eats rabbits on a regular basis."
        }
     },
     {
        "_id":      "1",
        "_score":   0.12713557,
        "_source": {
           "title": "Quick brown rabbits",
           "body":  "Brown rabbits are commonly seen."
        }
     }
  ]
}

 

二、其它

分页、排序、source 过滤

#分页
POST /kibana_sample_data_ecommerce/_search
{
  "from":10,
  "size":20,
  "query":{
    "match_all": {}
  }
}

#对日期排序
POST kibana_sample_data_ecommerce/_search
{
  "sort":[{"order_date":"desc"}],
  "query":{
    "match_all": {}
  }

}

#source filtering
POST kibana_sample_data_ecommerce/_search
{
  "_source":["order_date"],
  "query":{
    "match_all": {}
  }
}

 

脚本

GET kibana_sample_data_ecommerce/_search
{
  "script_fields": {
    "new_field": {
      "script": {
        "lang": "painless",
        "source": "doc['order_date'].value+'hello'"
      }
    }
  },
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  }
}

 

 

参考文档

---

https://www.elastic.co/guide/cn/elasticsearch/guide/current/_best_fields.html

https://www.elastic.co/guide/cn/elasticsearch/guide/current/_tuning_best_fields_queries.html

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.6/query-dsl-bool-query.html

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/7.6/query-dsl-match-query.html