RocketMq单个部署启动及用例

一: 安装rocketmq与启动

虚拟机环境分配4G内存,linux centos7

下载连接 http://rocketmq.apache.org/dowloading/releases/

解压后进入bin目录,修改内存配置,否则启动失败(默认配置内存8G,内存不够会启动失败)

# /home/admin/rocketmqall4.7.0/bin

vi
runbroker.sh
# 设置小些
# JAVA_OPT
="${JAVA_OPT} -server -Xms4g -Xmx4g -Xmn4g"

# 关闭防火墙或者自行开放端口,避免网络不通
systemctl disable firewalld

# 后台启动 nameserver 默认端口9876
nohup sh mqnamesrv &

# 后台启动 mqbroker 默认端口 10911
nohup sh mqbroker -n localhost:9876 autoCreateTopicEnable=true &

#踩坑记录
#客户端生产者使用时问题
#报错说 no router info of this topic
#则通过手动创建 topic, 注意 参数格式 ip:port
sh mqadmin updateTopic -b localhost:10911 -t DemoTopic -n localhost:9876

#手动创建topic时 报错 签名算法问题(扩展包没找到)
#rocketMQ:unable to calculate a request signature. error=Algorithm HmacSHA1 not available

cd ~/rocketmqall4.7.0/bin
vi tools.sh
#在 ${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/ext 后加上ext文件夹的绝对路径,
#如
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Djava.ext.dirs=${BASE_DIR}/lib:${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/ext:/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_65/jre/lib/ext"
#再次创建 topic.
#这样就可以基本使用了

#rocketmq web控制台扩展在文末描述

 

二: 运行样例测试下

引入客户端依赖包

        
            org.apache.rocketmq
            rocketmq-client
            4.7.0
        

1、Producer端发送同步消息

这种可靠性同步地发送方式使用的比较广泛,比如:重要的消息通知,短信通知。

public class MySyncProducer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 实例化消息生产者Producer
        DefaultMQProducer producer = new DefaultMQProducer("my_SyncProducer");
        // 设置NameServer的地址
        producer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.1.114:9876");
        // 启动Producer实例
        producer.start();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            // 创建消息,并指定Topic,Tag和消息体
            Message msg = new Message("my_TopicTest" /* Topic */,
                    "TagA" /* Tag */,
                    ("Hello RocketMQ " + i).getBytes(RemotingHelper.DEFAULT_CHARSET) /* Message body */
            );
            // 发送消息到一个Broker
            SendResult sendResult = producer.send(msg);
            // 通过sendResult返回消息是否成功送达
            System.out.printf("%s%n", sendResult);
        }
        // 如果不再发送消息,关闭Producer实例。
        Thread.sleep(500000);
        producer.shutdown();
    }
}

 

 观察产生的消息数据 跑了2次产生2w条消息

 

 

 2w条分布在4个消息队列中

 RocketMq单个部署启动及用例_第1张图片

消费者消费

public class Consumer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, MQClientException {
        // 实例化消费者
        DefaultMQPushConsumer consumer = new DefaultMQPushConsumer("my_SyncProducer");
        // 设置NameServer的地址
        consumer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.1.114:9876");
        // 订阅一个或者多个Topic,以及Tag来过滤需要消费的消息
        consumer.subscribe("my_TopicTest", "*");
        // 注册回调实现类来处理从broker拉取回来的消息
        consumer.registerMessageListener(new MessageListenerConcurrently() {
            @Override
            public ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus consumeMessage(List msgs, ConsumeConcurrentlyContext context) {
                System.out.printf("%s Receive New Messages: %s %n", Thread.currentThread().getName(), msgs);
                // 标记该消息已经被成功消费
                return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.CONSUME_SUCCESS;
            }
        });
        // 启动消费者实例
        consumer.start();
        System.out.printf("Consumer Started.%n");
    }
}

 

 消费详情

RocketMq单个部署启动及用例_第2张图片

 

 

 

2、Producer端发送异步消息

 异步消息通常用在对响应时间敏感的业务场景,即发送端不能容忍长时间地等待Broker的响应

public class AsyncProducer {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            // 实例化消息生产者Producer
            DefaultMQProducer producer = new DefaultMQProducer("my_AsyncProducer");
            // 设置NameServer的地址
            producer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.1.114:9876");
            // 启动Producer实例
            producer.start();
            producer.setRetryTimesWhenSendAsyncFailed(0);

            int messageCount = 1000;
            // 根据消息数量实例化倒计时计算器
            final CountDownLatch2 countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch2(messageCount);
            for (int i = 0; i < messageCount; i++) {
                final int index = i;
                // 创建消息,并指定Topic,Tag和消息体
                Message msg = new Message("my_asyncTopic",
                        "TagA",
                        "AUTO_CREATE_TOPIC_KEY",
                        "Hello world2".getBytes(RemotingHelper.DEFAULT_CHARSET));
                // SendCallback接收异步返回结果的回调
                producer.send(msg, new SendCallback() {
                    @Override
                    public void onSuccess(SendResult sendResult) {
                        System.out.printf("%-10d OK %s %n", index,
                                sendResult.getMsgId());
                    }
                    @Override
                    public void onException(Throwable e) {
                        System.out.printf("%-10d Exception %s %n", index, e);
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                });
            }
            // 等待5s
            countDownLatch.await(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
            // 如果不再发送消息,关闭Producer实例。
            producer.shutdown();
        }
    }

3、Producer端单向发送消息

这种方式主要用在不特别关心发送结果的场景,例如日志发送。

public class OnewayProducer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        // 实例化消息生产者Producer
        DefaultMQProducer producer = new DefaultMQProducer("my_OnewayProducer");
        // 设置NameServer的地址
        producer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.1.114:9876");
        // 启动Producer实例
        producer.start();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            // 创建消息,并指定Topic,Tag和消息体
            Message msg = new Message("my_OnewayTopic" /* Topic */,
                    "TagA" /* Tag */,
                    ("Hello RocketMQ " + i).getBytes(RemotingHelper.DEFAULT_CHARSET) /* Message body */
            );
            // 发送单向消息,没有任何返回结果
            producer.sendOneway(msg);

        }
        // 如果不再发送消息,关闭Producer实例。
        producer.shutdown();
    }
}

4、 消费消息

 消费指定生产组producerGroup及指定topic的消息

public class Consumer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, MQClientException {
        // 实例化消费者
        DefaultMQPushConsumer consumer = new DefaultMQPushConsumer("my_SyncProducer");
        // 设置NameServer的地址
        consumer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.1.114:9876");
        // 订阅一个或者多个Topic,以及Tag来过滤需要消费的消息
        consumer.subscribe("my_TopicTest", "*");
        // 注册回调实现类来处理从broker拉取回来的消息
        consumer.registerMessageListener(new MessageListenerConcurrently() {
            @Override
            public ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus consumeMessage(List msgs, ConsumeConcurrentlyContext context) {
                System.out.printf("%s Receive New Messages: %s %n", Thread.currentThread().getName(), msgs);
                // 标记该消息已经被成功消费
                return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.CONSUME_SUCCESS;
            }
        });
        // 启动消费者实例
        consumer.start();
        System.out.printf("Consumer Started.%n");
    }
}

5、 顺序消息样例

消息生产到一个队列那么FIFO,全局中都是有序的消费.如果是分片到多个队列,每个队列中都是有序的,分区有序.

顺序消息的产生

public class OrderProducer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        DefaultMQProducer producer = new DefaultMQProducer("my_OrderProducer");

        producer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.1.114:9876");

        producer.start();

        String[] tags = new String[]{"TagA", "TagC", "TagD"};

        // 订单列表
        List orderList = new OrderProducer().buildOrders();

        Date date = new Date();
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        String dateStr = sdf.format(date);
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            // 加个时间前缀
            String body = dateStr + " Hello RocketMQ " + orderList.get(i);
            Message msg = new Message("my_OrderProducer_Topic", tags[i % tags.length], "KEY" + i, body.getBytes());
            SendResult sendResult = producer.send(msg, new MessageQueueSelector() {
                @Override
                public MessageQueue select(List mqs, Message msg, Object arg) {
                    Long id = (Long) arg;  //根据订单id选择发送queue
                    long index = id % mqs.size();
                    return mqs.get((int) index);
                }
            }, orderList.get(i).getOrderId());//订单id

            System.out.println(String.format("SendResult status:%s, queueId:%d, body:%s",
                    sendResult.getSendStatus(),
                    sendResult.getMessageQueue().getQueueId(),
                    body));
        }

        producer.shutdown();
    }

    /**
     * 订单的步骤
     */
    private static class OrderStep {
        private long orderId;
        private String desc;

        public long getOrderId() {
            return orderId;
        }

        public void setOrderId(long orderId) {
            this.orderId = orderId;
        }

        public String getDesc() {
            return desc;
        }

        public void setDesc(String desc) {
            this.desc = desc;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "OrderStep{" +
                    "orderId=" + orderId +
                    ", desc='" + desc + '\'' +
                    '}';
        }
    }

    /**
     * 生成模拟订单数据
     */
    private List buildOrders() {
        List orderList = new ArrayList();

        OrderStep orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103111039L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("创建");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103111065L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("创建");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103111039L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("付款");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103117235L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("创建");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103111065L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("付款");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103117235L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("付款");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103111065L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("完成");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103111039L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("推送");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103117235L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("完成");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103111039L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("完成");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        return orderList;
    }
}
OrderProducer

RocketMq单个部署启动及用例_第3张图片

 

 

 顺序消费消息

public class ConsumerInOrder {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        DefaultMQPushConsumer consumer = new DefaultMQPushConsumer("my_OrderProducer");
        consumer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.1.114:9876");
        /**
         * 设置Consumer第一次启动是从队列头部开始消费还是队列尾部开始消费
* 如果非第一次启动,那么按照上次消费的位置继续消费
*/ consumer.setConsumeFromWhere(ConsumeFromWhere.CONSUME_FROM_FIRST_OFFSET); consumer.subscribe("my_OrderProducer_Topic", "TagA || TagC || TagD"); consumer.registerMessageListener(new MessageListenerOrderly() { Random random = new Random(); @Override public ConsumeOrderlyStatus consumeMessage(List msgs, ConsumeOrderlyContext context) { context.setAutoCommit(true); int anInt = random.nextInt(); for (MessageExt msg : msgs) { // 可以看到每个queue有唯一的consume线程来消费, 订单对每个queue(分区)有序 System.out.println(anInt+" consumeThread=" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "queueId=" + msg.getQueueId() + ", content:" + new String(msg.getBody())); } try { //模拟业务逻辑处理中... TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(random.nextInt(10)); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return ConsumeOrderlyStatus.SUCCESS; } }); consumer.start(); System.out.println("Consumer Started."); } }
ConsumerInOrder

分区顺序消费

RocketMq单个部署启动及用例_第4张图片

 

 

 

6、延时消息样例

先启动消费者等待延时消息

public class ScheduledMessageConsumer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 实例化消费者
        DefaultMQPushConsumer consumer = new DefaultMQPushConsumer("my_ScheduledMessageConsumer");
        consumer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.1.114:9876");
        // 订阅Topics
        consumer.subscribe("my_Scheduled_Topic", "*");
        // 注册消息监听者
        consumer.registerMessageListener(new MessageListenerConcurrently() {
            @Override
            public ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus consumeMessage(List messages, ConsumeConcurrentlyContext context) {
                for (MessageExt message : messages) {
                    // Print approximate delay time period
                    System.out.println("Receive message[msgId=" + message.getMsgId() + "] " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - message.getStoreTimestamp()) + "ms later");
                }
                return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.CONSUME_SUCCESS;
            }
        });
        // 启动消费者
        consumer.start();
    }
}
ScheduledMessageConsumer

发送延时消息

public class ScheduledMessageProducer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 实例化一个生产者来产生延时消息
        DefaultMQProducer producer = new DefaultMQProducer("my_ScheduledMessage");
        producer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.1.114:9876");
        // 启动生产者
        producer.start();
        int totalMessagesToSend = 100;
        for (int i = 0; i < totalMessagesToSend; i++) {
            Message message = new Message("my_Scheduled_Topic", ("Hello scheduled message " + i).getBytes());
            // 设置延时等级3,这个消息将在10s之后发送(现在只支持固定的几个时间,详看delayTimeLevel)
            message.setDelayTimeLevel(3);
            // 发送消息
            producer.send(message);
        }
        // 关闭生产者
        producer.shutdown();
    }
}
ScheduledMessageProducer

延迟时间结束后消息才放入队列被消费者消费,消费时间比发送时间晚,

使用场景:如电商里,提交了一个订单就可以发送一个延时消息,1h后去检查这个订单的状态,如果还是未付款就取消订单释放库存。(redis中有个key失效时间,失效事件类似)

使用限制: 时间不是任意的,private String messageDelayLevel = "1s 5s 10s 30s 1m 2m 3m 4m 5m 6m 7m 8m 9m 10m 20m 30m 1h 2h";

7、消息事务样例

事务消息共有三种状态,提交状态、回滚状态、中间状态:

  • TransactionStatus.CommitTransaction: 提交事务,它允许消费者消费此消息。
  • TransactionStatus.RollbackTransaction: 回滚事务,它代表该消息将被删除,不允许被消费。
  • TransactionStatus.Unknown: 中间状态,它代表需要检查消息队列来确定状态。

创建事务性生产者

使用 TransactionMQProducer类创建生产者,并指定唯一的 ProducerGroup,就可以设置自定义线程池来处理这些检查请求。执行本地事务后、需要根据执行结果对消息队列进行回复。回传的事务状态是以上三种。

public class TransactionProducer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws MQClientException, InterruptedException {
        TransactionListener transactionListener = new TransactionListenerImpl();
        TransactionMQProducer producer = new TransactionMQProducer("my_TransactionMQProducer");
        ExecutorService executorService = new ThreadPoolExecutor(2, 5, 100, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new ArrayBlockingQueue(2000), new ThreadFactory() {
            @Override
            public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
                Thread thread = new Thread(r);
                thread.setName("client-transaction-msg-check-thread");
                return thread;
            }
        });
        // 设置NameServer的地址
        producer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.1.114:9876");
        producer.setExecutorService(executorService);
        producer.setTransactionListener(transactionListener);
        producer.start();
        String[] tags = new String[] {"TagA", "TagB", "TagC", "TagD", "TagE"};
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            try {
                Message msg =
                        new Message("my_transaction_msg_topic", tags[i % tags.length], "KEY" + i,
                                ("Hello RocketMQ " + i).getBytes(RemotingHelper.DEFAULT_CHARSET));
                SendResult sendResult = producer.sendMessageInTransaction(msg, null);
                System.out.printf("%s%n", sendResult);
                Thread.sleep(10);
            } catch (MQClientException | UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        }
        producer.shutdown();
    }
TransactionProducer

事务性消息的监听

    static class TransactionListenerImpl implements TransactionListener{

        private AtomicInteger transactionIndex = new AtomicInteger(0);

        private ConcurrentHashMap localTrans = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

        @Override
        public LocalTransactionState executeLocalTransaction(Message msg, Object arg) {
            int value = transactionIndex.getAndIncrement();
            int status = value % 3;
            localTrans.put(msg.getTransactionId(), status);
            return LocalTransactionState.UNKNOW;
        }

        @Override
        public LocalTransactionState checkLocalTransaction(MessageExt msg) {
            Integer status = localTrans.get(msg.getTransactionId());
            if (null != status) {
                switch (status) {
                    case 0:
                        return LocalTransactionState.UNKNOW;
                    case 1:
                        return LocalTransactionState.COMMIT_MESSAGE;
                    case 2:
                        return LocalTransactionState.ROLLBACK_MESSAGE;
                }
            }
            return LocalTransactionState.COMMIT_MESSAGE;
        }
    }
TransactionListenerImpl
事务消息使用上的限制
  1. 事务消息不支持延时消息和批量消息。
  2. 为了避免单个消息被检查太多次而导致半队列消息累积,我们默认将单个消息的检查次数限制为 15 次,但是用户可以通过 Broker 配置文件的 transactionCheckMax参数来修改此限制。如果已经检查某条消息超过 N 次的话( N = transactionCheckMax ) 则 Broker 将丢弃此消息,并在默认情况下同时打印错误日志。用户可以通过重写 AbstractTransactionCheckListener 类来修改这个行为。
  3. 事务消息将在 Broker 配置文件中的参数 transactionMsgTimeout 这样的特定时间长度之后被检查。当发送事务消息时,用户还可以通过设置用户属性 CHECK_IMMUNITY_TIME_IN_SECONDS 来改变这个限制,该参数优先于 transactionMsgTimeout 参数。
  4. 事务性消息可能不止一次被检查或消费。
  5. 提交给用户的目标主题消息可能会失败,目前这依日志的记录而定。它的高可用性通过 RocketMQ 本身的高可用性机制来保证,如果希望确保事务消息不丢失、并且事务完整性得到保证,建议使用同步的双重写入机制。
  6. 事务消息的生产者 ID 不能与其他类型消息的生产者 ID 共享。与其他类型的消息不同,事务消息允许反向查询、MQ服务器能通过它们的生产者 ID 查询到消费者

 

8、批量消息样例

9、过滤消息样例

0、OpenMessaging样例

 

官方链接 https://github.com/apache/rocketmq/blob/master/docs/cn/RocketMQ_Example.md

 

三:RocketMQ-Console-Ng扩展控制台

下载 :  https://github.com/apache/rocketmq-externals/tree/master/rocketmq-console

修改配置文件 namesrvAddr地址后打包运行

mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true
java -jar target/rocketmq-console-ng-1.0.1.jar

访问: http://localhost:8080/

RocketMq单个部署启动及用例_第5张图片

 

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