基于设备树下gpio的简单操作

更多资料请看：http://blog.csdn.net/qq_28992301/article/details/53321610

                        http://blog.csdn.net/qq_28992301/article/details/52355560

开发板：tiny4412SDK + S702 + 4GB Flash 

要移植的内核版本： Linux-4.4.0 （支持device tree） 
u-boot版本：友善之臂自带的 U-Boot 2010.12 
busybox版本：busybox 1.25

目标： 
学习设备树中GPIO资源的使用，实现按键中断简单驱动程序。

原理图： 
 
tiny4412 底板上有4颗按键，分别为连接在 GPX3_2、GPX3_3、GPX3_4、GPX3_5 ，引脚状态常高。

设备树：

    interrupt_demo: interrupt_demo {
            compatible         = "tiny4412,interrupt_demo";
            tiny4412,int_gpio1 = <&gpx3 2 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
            tiny4412,int_gpio2 = <&gpx3 3 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
            tiny4412,int_gpio3 = <&gpx3 4 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
            tiny4412,int_gpio4 = <&gpx3 5 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
    };

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<&gpx3 2 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGHT> 代表什么含义呢？

Eg: <&gpx2 6 0> 
　　<[phandle of the gpio controller node] 
　　[pin number within the gpio controller] 
　　[flags]> 
　　Values for gpio specifier: 
　　- Pin number: is a value between 0 to 7. 
　　- Flags: 0 - Active High 1 - Active Low

• &gpx3 引用 gpx3 这个节点，代表这个 GPIO 是属于控制器 gpx3
• 2 则表示gpx3 这组管脚中的哪一个，gpx3_2
• GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGHT 则表示引脚状态为常高的

驱动程序：

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 

typedef struct 
{
    int gpio;
    int irq;
    char name[20];
}int_demo_data_t;

static irqreturn_t int_demo_isr(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
    int_demo_data_t *data = dev_id;

    printk("%s enter, %s: gpio:%d, irq: %d\n", __func__, data->name, data->gpio, data->irq);

    return IRQ_HANDLED;
}

static int int_demo_probe(struct platform_device *pdev) {
    struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
    int irq_gpio = -1;
    int irq = -1;
    int ret = 0;
    int i = 0;
    int_demo_data_t *data = NULL;

    printk("%s enter.\n", __func__);

    if (!dev->of_node) {
        dev_err(dev, "no platform data.\n");
        goto err1;
    }

    data = devm_kmalloc(dev, sizeof(*data)*4, GFP_KERNEL);
    if (!data) {
        dev_err(dev, "no memory.\n");
        goto err0;
    }

#if 1
    for (i = 3; i >= 0; i--) {
        sprintf(data[i].name, "tiny4412,int_gpio%d", i+1);//名字是我们自己填充的，并不是获取到的
#else
    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
#endif
        irq_gpio = of_get_named_gpio(dev->of_node, data[i].name, 0);//通过名字获取gpio
        if (irq_gpio < 0) {
            dev_err(dev, "Looking up %s property in node %s failed %d\n",
                data[i].name, dev->of_node->full_name, irq_gpio);
            goto err1;
        }

        data[i].gpio = irq_gpio;

        irq = gpio_to_irq(irq_gpio);    //将gpio转换成对应的中断号
        if (irq < 0) {
            dev_err(dev,
                "Unable to get irq number for GPIO %d, error %d\n",
                irq_gpio, irq);
            goto err1;
        }

        data[i].irq = irq;

        printk("%s: gpio: %d ---> irq (%d)\n", __func__, irq_gpio, irq);
    //注册中断
        ret = devm_request_any_context_irq(dev, irq, int_demo_isr, IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, data[i].name, data+i);
        if (ret < 0) {
            dev_err(dev, "Unable to claim irq %d; error %d\n",
                irq, ret);
            goto err1;
        }
    }

    return 0;

err1:
    devm_kfree(dev, data);
err0:
    return -EINVAL;
}

static int int_demo_remove(struct platform_device *pdev) {

    printk("%s enter.\n", __func__);

    return 0;
}

static const struct of_device_id int_demo_dt_ids[] = {
    { .compatible = "tiny4412,interrupt_demo", },
    {},
};

MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, int_demo_dt_ids);

static struct platform_driver int_demo_driver = {
    .driver        = {
        .name      = "interrupt_demo",
        .of_match_table    = of_match_ptr(int_demo_dt_ids),
    },
    .probe         = int_demo_probe,
    .remove        = int_demo_remove,
};

static int __init int_demo_init(void)
{
    int ret;

    ret = platform_driver_register(&int_demo_driver);
    if (ret)
        printk(KERN_ERR "int demo: probe failed: %d\n", ret);

    return ret;
}
module_init(int_demo_init);

static void __exit int_demo_exit(void)
{
    platform_driver_unregister(&int_demo_driver);
}
module_exit(int_demo_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");