RabbitMQ笔记十八：TTL

TTL

RabbitMQ allows you to set TTL (time to live) for both messages and queues. This can be done using optional queue arguments or policies (the latter option is recommended). Message TTL can be enforced for a single queue, a group of queues or applied for individual messages.
RabbitMQ允许您为消息和队列设置TTL（生存时间）。 可以使用可选的队列参数或策略完成（推荐使用后一个选项）。 可以为单个队列，一组队列或单个消息应用消息TTL。

Message TTL

往默认的AMQP default Exchange中发送消息

存活时期

30s之后，没做任何操作该消息被删除了

代码实现
应用启动类：

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageProperties;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@ComponentScan
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Application.class);
        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = context.getBean(RabbitTemplate.class);

        byte[] body = "hello，zhihao.miao".getBytes();

        MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
        messageProperties.setContentType("json");
        //设置消息的过期时间
        messageProperties.setExpiration("30000");

        Message message = new Message(body,messageProperties);

        rabbitTemplate.send("","weixin",message);

        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(30);

        context.close();
    }
}

配置

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitAdmin;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class MQConfig {

    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory(){
        CachingConnectionFactory factory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        factory.setUri("amqp://wangchao:[email protected]:5672");
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    public RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin = new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
        return rabbitAdmin;
    }

    @Bean
    public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
        return rabbitTemplate;
    }
}

Queue TTL

创建ttl属性的队列

发送消息

30s没消费，消息删除

代码实现
自动声明一个队列名为email的，x-message-ttl属性为30000的队列。

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitAdmin;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class MQConfig {

    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory(){
        CachingConnectionFactory factory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        factory.setUri("amqp://wangchao:[email protected]:5672");
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    public RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin = new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
        return rabbitAdmin;
    }

    @Bean
    public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
        return rabbitTemplate;
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue queue(){
        Map arguments = new HashMap<>();
        arguments.put("x-message-ttl",30000);
        return new Queue("email",true,false,false,arguments);
    }
}

应用启动类：

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageProperties;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@ComponentScan
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Application.class);
        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = context.getBean(RabbitTemplate.class);

        byte[] body = "hello，zhihao.miao".getBytes();

        MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
        messageProperties.setContentType("json");

        Message message = new Message(body,messageProperties);

        rabbitTemplate.send("","email",message);

        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(30);

        context.close();
    }
}

如果同时制定了Message TTL，Queue TTL，则小的那个时间生效。

@ComponentScan
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Application.class);
        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = context.getBean(RabbitTemplate.class);

        byte[] body = "hello".getBytes();

        MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties();
        messageProperties.setContentType("json");
        //设置消息的过期时间
        messageProperties.setExpiration("10000");

        Message message = new Message(body,messageProperties);

        rabbitTemplate.send("","email",message);

        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(30);

        context.close();
    }
}

我指定的消息过期时间为10s，Queue指定的为30s，时间短的10s生效。

参考资料

time to live