Modbus Rtu的实现与Modbus Tcp的实现类似 C#ModBus Tcp的学习及Master的实现
我们还是需要借用一个开源库NModbus4,在vs中.打开NuGet管理器.安装NModbus4
具体实现,具体实现与之前的Modbus Tcp的实现类似 ,只是在实例化master时将TCPClient换为串行端口资源SerialPort,并在实例化是设置好端口所需参数(端口名,波特率,校验位,停止位,数据位)
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.ComponentModel; 4 using System.Data; 5 using System.Drawing; 6 using System.Linq; 7 using System.Text; 8 using System.Threading.Tasks; 9 using System.Windows.Forms; 10 using Modbus.Device; 11 using System.Net.Sockets; 12 using System.Threading; 13 using System.IO.Ports; 14 15 namespace ModbusRtu 16 { 17 public partial class Form1 : Form 18 { 19 private static IModbusMaster master; 20 private static SerialPort port; 21 //写线圈或写寄存器数组 22 private bool[] coilsBuffer; 23 private ushort[] registerBuffer; 24 //功能码 25 private string functionCode; 26 //参数(分别为站号,起始地址,长度) 27 private byte slaveAddress; 28 private ushort startAddress; 29 private ushort numberOfPoints; 30 //串口参数 31 private string portName; 32 private int baudRate; 33 private Parity parity; 34 private int dataBits; 35 private StopBits stopBits; 36 37 public Form1() 38 { 39 InitializeComponent(); 40 } 41 private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 42 { 43 cmb_portname.SelectedIndex = 0; 44 cmb_baud.SelectedIndex = 5; 45 cmb_parity.SelectedIndex = 2; 46 cmb_databBits.SelectedIndex = 1; 47 cmb_stopBits.SelectedIndex = 0; 48 } 49 private SerialPort InitSerialPortParameter() 50 { 51 if (cmb_portname.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_baud.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_parity.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_databBits.SelectedIndex < 0 || cmb_stopBits.SelectedIndex < 0) 52 { 53 MessageBox.Show("请选择串口参数"); 54 return null; 55 } 56 else 57 { 58 59 portName = cmb_portname.SelectedItem.ToString(); 60 baudRate = int.Parse(cmb_baud.SelectedItem.ToString()); 61 switch (cmb_parity.SelectedItem.ToString()) 62 { 63 case "奇": 64 parity = Parity.Odd; 65 break; 66 case "偶": 67 parity = Parity.Even; 68 break; 69 case "无": 70 parity = Parity.None; 71 break; 72 default: 73 break; 74 } 75 dataBits = int.Parse(cmb_databBits.SelectedItem.ToString()); 76 switch (cmb_stopBits.SelectedItem.ToString()) 77 { 78 case "1": 79 stopBits = StopBits.One; 80 break; 81 case "2": 82 stopBits = StopBits.Two; 83 break; 84 default: 85 break; 86 } 87 port = new SerialPort(portName, baudRate, parity, dataBits, stopBits); 88 return port; 89 } 90 } 91 ///92 /// 读/写 93 /// 94 /// 95 /// 96 private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 97 { 98 try 99 { 100 //初始化串口参数 101 InitSerialPortParameter(); 102 103 master = ModbusSerialMaster.CreateRtu(port); 104 105 ExecuteFunction(); 106 } 107 catch (Exception) 108 { 109 MessageBox.Show("初始化异常"); 110 } 111 } 112 113 private async void ExecuteFunction() 114 { 115 try 116 { 117 //每次操作是要开启串口 操作完成后需要关闭串口 118 //目的是为了slave更换连接是不报错 119 if (port.IsOpen == false) 120 { 121 port.Open(); 122 } 123 if (functionCode != null) 124 { 125 switch (functionCode) 126 { 127 case "01 Read Coils"://读取单个线圈 128 SetReadParameters(); 129 coilsBuffer = master.ReadCoils(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints); 130 131 for (int i = 0; i < coilsBuffer.Length; i++) 132 { 133 SetMsg(coilsBuffer[i] + " "); 134 } 135 SetMsg("\r\n"); 136 break; 137 case "02 Read DisCrete Inputs"://读取输入线圈/离散量线圈 138 SetReadParameters(); 139 140 coilsBuffer = master.ReadInputs(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints); 141 for (int i = 0; i < coilsBuffer.Length; i++) 142 { 143 SetMsg(coilsBuffer[i] + " "); 144 } 145 SetMsg("\r\n"); 146 break; 147 case "03 Read Holding Registers"://读取保持寄存器 148 SetReadParameters(); 149 registerBuffer = master.ReadHoldingRegisters(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints); 150 for (int i = 0; i < registerBuffer.Length; i++) 151 { 152 SetMsg(registerBuffer[i] + " "); 153 } 154 SetMsg("\r\n"); 155 break; 156 case "04 Read Input Registers"://读取输入寄存器 157 SetReadParameters(); 158 registerBuffer = master.ReadInputRegisters(slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints); 159 for (int i = 0; i < registerBuffer.Length; i++) 160 { 161 SetMsg(registerBuffer[i] + " "); 162 } 163 SetMsg("\r\n"); 164 break; 165 case "05 Write Single Coil"://写单个线圈 166 SetWriteParametes(); 167 await master.WriteSingleCoilAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, coilsBuffer[0]); 168 break; 169 case "06 Write Single Registers"://写单个输入线圈/离散量线圈 170 SetWriteParametes(); 171 await master.WriteSingleRegisterAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, registerBuffer[0]); 172 break; 173 case "0F Write Multiple Coils"://写一组线圈 174 SetWriteParametes(); 175 await master.WriteMultipleCoilsAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, coilsBuffer); 176 break; 177 case "10 Write Multiple Registers"://写一组保持寄存器 178 SetWriteParametes(); 179 await master.WriteMultipleRegistersAsync(slaveAddress, startAddress, registerBuffer); 180 break; 181 default: 182 break; 183 } 184 185 } 186 else 187 { 188 MessageBox.Show("请选择功能码!"); 189 } 190 port.Close(); 191 } 192 catch (Exception ex) 193 { 194 195 MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); 196 } 197 } 198 private void comboBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) 199 { 200 if (comboBox1.SelectedIndex >= 4) 201 { 202 groupBox2.Enabled = true; 203 groupBox1.Enabled = false; 204 } 205 else 206 { 207 groupBox1.Enabled = true; 208 groupBox2.Enabled = false; 209 } 210 comboBox1.Invoke(new Action(() => { functionCode = comboBox1.SelectedItem.ToString(); })); 211 } 212 213 /// 214 /// 初始化读参数 215 /// 216 private void SetReadParameters() 217 { 218 if (txt_startAddr1.Text == "" || txt_slave1.Text == "" || txt_length.Text == "") 219 { 220 MessageBox.Show("请填写读参数!"); 221 } 222 else 223 { 224 slaveAddress = byte.Parse(txt_slave1.Text); 225 startAddress = ushort.Parse(txt_startAddr1.Text); 226 numberOfPoints = ushort.Parse(txt_length.Text); 227 } 228 } 229 /// 230 /// 初始化写参数 231 /// 232 private void SetWriteParametes() 233 { 234 if (txt_startAddr2.Text == "" || txt_slave2.Text == "" || txt_data.Text == "") 235 { 236 MessageBox.Show("请填写写参数!"); 237 } 238 else 239 { 240 slaveAddress = byte.Parse(txt_slave2.Text); 241 startAddress = ushort.Parse(txt_startAddr2.Text); 242 //判断是否写线圈 243 if (comboBox1.SelectedIndex == 4 || comboBox1.SelectedIndex == 6) 244 { 245 string[] strarr = txt_data.Text.Split(' '); 246 coilsBuffer = new bool[strarr.Length]; 247 //转化为bool数组 248 for (int i = 0; i < strarr.Length; i++) 249 { 250 // strarr[i] == "0" ? coilsBuffer[i] = true : coilsBuffer[i] = false; 251 if (strarr[i] == "0") 252 { 253 coilsBuffer[i] = false; 254 } 255 else 256 { 257 coilsBuffer[i] = true; 258 } 259 } 260 } 261 else 262 { 263 //转化ushort数组 264 string[] strarr = txt_data.Text.Split(' '); 265 registerBuffer = new ushort[strarr.Length]; 266 for (int i = 0; i < strarr.Length; i++) 267 { 268 registerBuffer[i] = ushort.Parse(strarr[i]); 269 } 270 } 271 } 272 } 273 274 /// 275 /// 清除文本 276 /// 277 /// 278 /// 279 private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 280 { 281 richTextBox1.Clear(); 282 } 283 /// 284 /// SetMessage 285 /// 286 /// 287 public void SetMsg(string msg) 288 { 289 richTextBox1.Invoke(new Action(() => { richTextBox1.AppendText(msg); })); 290 } 291 292 } 293 }
接下来开始测试
在这里 因为要用到串口,而我的笔记本没有串口,所以需要借助一个工具
Virtual Serial Port Dirver 虚拟串口工具
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1opGre3GS-HWFoA_dP9qYYg
提取码：2afu
借用这个工具我们添加两个虚拟串口 COM1和COM2 点击Add Virtual Pair 添加
设置Modbus Slave,选择连接方式为串口,选择对应端口,模式选择RTU,建立连接
接下来运行我们自己的Modbus RTU Master
设置串口参数(波特率,数据位,奇偶校验,停止位)要与Slave的串口参数一致
我们测试 功能码 0x01 读一组线圈
测试完成,数据正常,其他的功能码经测试数据正常,有兴趣的可以自行测试
到此为止,Modbus的学习到此告一段落
以上都为我自行学习并实现,如有错误之处,望大家不吝赐教,感谢(抱拳~)
程序源代码:
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1mPAhRixLbsDb7h2ePENTRA
提取码：b5w6