For security reasons, WebView is not allowed in privileged processes
Hook解决系统应用不能创建WebView问题
分析问题
版本的之间的区别是看了别人的hook之后查看源码进行改进的。
首先我们在系统应用中创建WebView的时候会报UnsupportedOperationException异常
并会抛出一个问题：
“For security reasons, WebView is not allowed in privileged processes”
我们根据抛出的问题去https://cs.android.com/源码网站找到和WebView相关的类，以下代码是10.0的
。
找到类中具体抛出错误的代码如下：
@UnsupportedAppUsage
static WebViewFactoryProvider getProvider() {
synchronized (sProviderLock) {
// For now the main purpose of this function (and the factory abstraction) is to keep
// us honest and minimize usage of WebView internals when binding the proxy.
if (sProviderInstance != null) return sProviderInstance;
final int uid = android.os.Process.myUid();
if (uid == android.os.Process.ROOT_UID || uid == android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID
|| uid == android.os.Process.PHONE_UID || uid == android.os.Process.NFC_UID
|| uid == android.os.Process.BLUETOOTH_UID) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
"For security reasons, WebView is not allowed in privileged processes");
}
if (!isWebViewSupported()) {
// Device doesn't support WebView; don't try to load it, just throw.
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
if (sWebViewDisabled) {
throw new IllegalStateException(
"WebView.disableWebView() was called: WebView is disabled");
}
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW, "WebViewFactory.getProvider()");
try {
Class providerClass = getProviderClass();
Method staticFactory = null;
try {
staticFactory = providerClass.getMethod(
CHROMIUM_WEBVIEW_FACTORY_METHOD, WebViewDelegate.class);
} catch (Exception e) {
if (DEBUG) {
Log.w(LOGTAG, "error instantiating provider with static factory method", e);
}
}
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW, "WebViewFactoryProvider invocation");
try {
sProviderInstance = (WebViewFactoryProvider)
staticFactory.invoke(null, new WebViewDelegate());
if (DEBUG) Log.v(LOGTAG, "Loaded provider: " + sProviderInstance);
return sProviderInstance;
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(LOGTAG, "error instantiating provider", e);
throw new AndroidRuntimeException(e);
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW);
}
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW);
}
}
}
我们发现如果我们的应用Uid是以下这些的情况下会报这个错误，包括ROOT_UID,SYSTEM_UID所以我们的应用如果是系统应用就会出现问题。
if (uid == android.os.Process.ROOT_UID || uid == android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID
|| uid == android.os.Process.PHONE_UID || uid == android.os.Process.NFC_UID
|| uid == android.os.Process.BLUETOOTH_UID) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
"For security reasons, WebView is not allowed in privileged processes");
}
但是我们也发现sProviderInstance是private static的，如果我们再创建webview之前提前吧sProviderInstance创建好，不为null，下面的代码就不会走。
if (sProviderInstance != null) return sProviderInstance;
于是我们继续向下看sProvideInstance的创建(10.0Android源码版本)：
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW, "WebViewFactory.getProvider()");
try {
Class providerClass = getProviderClass();
Method staticFactory = null;
try {
staticFactory = providerClass.getMethod(
CHROMIUM_WEBVIEW_FACTORY_METHOD, WebViewDelegate.class);
} catch (Exception e) {
if (DEBUG) {
Log.w(LOGTAG, "error instantiating provider with static factory method", e);
}
}
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW, "WebViewFactoryProvider invocation");
try {
sProviderInstance = (WebViewFactoryProvider)
staticFactory.invoke(null, new WebViewDelegate());
if (DEBUG) Log.v(LOGTAG, "Loaded provider: " + sProviderInstance);
return sProviderInstance;
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(LOGTAG, "error instantiating provider", e);
throw new AndroidRuntimeException(e);
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW);
}
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW);
}
- 8.0之前的代码如下,所以获取WebViewFactoryProvider的class类创建需要区分版本。
try {
Class providerClass = getProviderClass();
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW, "providerClass.newInstance()");
try {
sProviderInstance = providerClass.getConstructor(WebViewDelegate.class)
.newInstance(new WebViewDelegate());
if (DEBUG) Log.v(LOGTAG, "Loaded provider: " + sProviderInstance);
return sProviderInstance;
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(LOGTAG, "error instantiating provider", e);
throw new AndroidRuntimeException(e);
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW);
}
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW);
StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(oldPolicy);
}
好了我们现在只需要通过hook，将sProviderInstance通过上边的代码创建好然后通过反射拿到的sProviderInstance的Feild设置他的对象就可以了。
但是我们发现创建sProviderInstance需要反射去获取一些类，然后这些类和之前的版本对比有什么变化可能在使用中能发现问题。
-
查看4.4.4代码之后我们发现对系统应用是没有判断的所以我们可以直接返回hook成功。
-
在5.1.1中我们发现这个地方开始有判断，而且获取WebViewFactoryProvider的class调用的是getFactoryClass方法，需要做版本处理。
-
6.0.1之后到10.0.0获取WebViewFactoryProvider的class使用的都是getProviderClass方法
最终解决方案在Application中执行HookUtils.hookWebView()如果最后能成功创建sProviderInstance说明我们hook成功了：
public class HookUtils {
public static void hookWebView(){
int sdkInt = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
try {
Class factoryClass = Class.forName("android.webkit.WebViewFactory");
Field field = factoryClass.getDeclaredField("sProviderInstance");
field.setAccessible(true);
Object sProviderInstance = field.get(null);
if (sProviderInstance != null) {
Log.i("sProviderInstance isn't null");
return;
}
Method getProviderClassMethod;
if (sdkInt > 22) {
getProviderClassMethod = factoryClass.getDeclaredMethod("getProviderClass");
} else if (sdkInt == 22) {
getProviderClassMethod = factoryClass.getDeclaredMethod("getFactoryClass");
} else {
Log.i("Don't need to Hook WebView");
return;
}
getProviderClassMethod.setAccessible(true);
Class factoryProviderClass = (Class) getProviderClassMethod.invoke(factoryClass);
Class delegateClass = Class.forName("android.webkit.WebViewDelegate");
Constructor delegateConstructor = delegateClass.getDeclaredConstructor();
delegateConstructor.setAccessible(true);
if(sdkInt < 26){//低于Android O版本
Constructor providerConstructor = factoryProviderClass.getConstructor(delegateClass);
if (providerConstructor != null) {
providerConstructor.setAccessible(true);
sProviderInstance = providerConstructor.newInstance(delegateConstructor.newInstance());
}
} else {
Field chromiumMethodName = factoryClass.getDeclaredField("CHROMIUM_WEBVIEW_FACTORY_METHOD");
chromiumMethodName.setAccessible(true);
String chromiumMethodNameStr = (String)chromiumMethodName.get(null);
if (chromiumMethodNameStr == null) {
chromiumMethodNameStr = "create";
}
Method staticFactory = factoryProviderClass.getMethod(chromiumMethodNameStr, delegateClass);
if (staticFactory!=null){
sProviderInstance = staticFactory.invoke(null, delegateConstructor.newInstance());
}
}
if (sProviderInstance != null){
field.set("sProviderInstance", sProviderInstance);
Log.i("Hook success!");
} else {
Log.i("Hook failed!");
}
} catch (Throwable e) {
Log.w(e.getMessage());
}
}
}