考研阅读计划1——1986 Text1

写在前面

Hi，我是新海，一个正在备战的考研人。
最近需要进行大量的考研专项阅读，于是萌生了一个翻译计划，准备翻译1986——2018年所有阅读，通过大量的阅读训练来熟悉考研单词，短语以及语法，更深刻理解考研阅读。

下面是我的第1篇，所有中文释义，均是由本人整理翻译，当然也有不够完善的地方，欢迎大家评论补充。

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There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization.

有许多职业越来越强调专业化。

You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. We can call these people “generalists.” And these “generalists” are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other people’s work, to begin it and judge it.

你在工程、生产、统计工作和教学中均可以找到这些职业。但是，对那些涉猎广泛的人的需求正在增加，这些人可能对任何一个领域都不太了解。换言之，人们需要能够看到森林而不是树木，做出一般判断的人。我们可以称这些人为“通才”。而这些“通才”在管理的职位上尤其需要，在那里，他们的工作是看其他人工作，在那里，他们必须为他人做计划，组织其他人的工作，开启项目并决策判断。

• a great many很多， 许多; 指不胜屈; 浩
• in production在生产中
• statistical work统计工作
• demand for要求…
• at a glance看一眼就…， 马上
• in other words换句话说; 就是说
• capable of有…能力的，能…的
• rather than…而不…，与其…倒不如…; instead of sb/sth 而不是

The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a “trained” man; and his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalist -- and especially the administrator -- deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving.

专家了解一个领域，他关心的是技术和工具。他是一个“受过训练”的人，他的教育背景是合适的技术或专业。通才——尤其是管理者——与人打交道的人；他关心的是领导力、计划和制定方向。

• specialist专家; 专科医生; 行家
• educational background学历
• properly适当地; 正确地; 恰当地; 完全，非常
• generalist通才，多面手
• leadership领导; 领导的才能或能力; 一群领导者; 带路，指引

He is an “educated” man; and the humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly.
他是一个受过教育的人，人文是他最重要的基础。很少有专家能够成为一名管理者。而且很少有好的通才，在特定领域也是优秀的专家。任何组织都需要两种这两类人，尽管不同的组织需要不同的比例。在培训期间，你的任务是找出你适合这两种工作中的哪一种，并据此规划你的职业生涯。

• humanities人文学科; 人( humanity的名词复数 ); 人性; 人道
• strongest强烈的; 强壮的; 强的( strong的最高级 ); 坚强的
• in particular尤其， 特别
• kinds of各种各样的
• proportions部分( proportion的名词复数 ); 比例; 面积; 等比关系
• find out发现; 使发作; 使受惩罚; 通过探询[访问]获悉不在
• training period训练期，训练周期

Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you -- but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.
你的第一份工作可能是你最合适的工作，但这纯粹是意外。当然，你不应该经常换工作，否则人们会怀疑你的工作能力。同时，你不能把第一份工作看成是最后的工作，它主要是一份让你培训的工作，一个了解自己以及发现你适合做哪种工作的机会。

• turn out to be结果是，原来是，证明是
• pure accident纯粹意外
• change jobs换工作
• suspicious可疑的; 猜疑的，怀疑的; 多疑的，不信任的; 多心
• At the same time同时; 一起; 但是; 然而
• must not不能；不可；不许
• look upon看待; 看作，显得不错
• primarily首先; 首要地，主要地; 根本上; 本来

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写在后面

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新海
11月15日晚