Hive 时间日期处理总结

 

select
     day                                                                                                   -- 时间
    ,date_add(day,1 - dayofweek(day))                                                  as week_first_day   -- 本周第一天_周日
    ,date_add(day,7 - dayofweek(day))                                                  as week_last_day    -- 本周最后一天_周六
    ,date_add(day,1 - case when dayofweek(day) = 1 then 7 else dayofweek(day) - 1 end) as week_first_day   -- 本周第一天_周一
    ,date_add(day,7 - case when dayofweek(day) = 1 then 7 else dayofweek(day) - 1 end) as week_last_day    -- 本周最后一天_周日
    ,next_day(day,'TU')                                                                as next_tuesday     -- 当前日期的下个周二
    ,trunc(day,'MM')                                                                   as month_first_day  -- 当月第一天
    ,last_day(day)                                                                     as month_last_day   -- 当月最后一天
    ,to_date(concat(year(day),'-',lpad(ceil(month(day)/3) * 3 -2,2,0),'-01'))          as season_first_day -- 当季第一天
    ,last_day(to_date(concat(year(day),'-',lpad(ceil(month(day)/3) * 3,2,0),'-01')))   as season_last_day  -- 当季最后一天
    ,trunc(day,'YY')                                                                   as year_first_day   -- 当年第一天
    ,last_day(add_months(trunc(day,'YY'),12))                                          as year_last_day    -- 当年最后一天
    ,weekofyear(day)                                                                   as weekofyear       -- 当年第几周
    ,second(day)                                                                       as second           -- 秒钟
    ,minute(day)                                                                       as minute           -- 分钟
    ,hour(day)                                                                         as hour             -- 小时
    ,day(day)                                                                          as day              -- 日期
    ,month(day)                                                                        as month            -- 月份
    ,lpad(ceil(month(day)/3),2,0)                                                      as season           -- 季度
    ,year(day)                                                                         as year             -- 年份
from (
    select '2018-01-02 01:01:01' as day union all
    select '2018-02-02 02:03:04' as day union all
    select '2018-03-02 03:05:07' as day union all
    select '2018-04-02 04:07:10' as day union all
    select '2018-05-02 05:09:13' as day union all
    select '2018-06-02 06:11:16' as day union all
    select '2018-07-02 07:13:19' as day union all
    select '2018-08-02 08:15:22' as day union all
    select '2018-09-02 09:17:25' as day union all
    select '2018-10-02 10:19:28' as day union all
    select '2018-11-02 11:21:31' as day union all
    select '2018-12-02 12:23:34' as day
) t1
;

 

获取当前时间截:

1 select unix_timestamp() ;
2 +-------------+--+
3 |     _c0     |
4 +-------------+--+
5 | 1521684090  |
6 +-------------+--+

获取当前时间1：

1 select current_timestamp;
2 +--------------------------+--+
3 |           _c0            |
4 +--------------------------+--+
5 | 2018-03-22 10:04:02.568  |
6 +--------------------------+--+

获取当前时间2：

1 SELECT from_unixtime(unix_timestamp());
2 +----------------------+--+
3 |         _c0          |
4 +----------------------+--+
5 | 2018-03-22 10:04:38  |
6 +----------------------+--+

获取当前日期：

1 SELECT CURRENT_DATE;
2 +-------------+--+
3 |     _c0     |
4 +-------------+--+
5 | 2018-03-22  |
6 +-------------+--+

 

日期差值：datadiff(结束日期，开始日期)，返回结束日期减去开始日期的天数。

1 select datediff(CURRENT_DATE,'2017-01-01') as datediff;
2 +-----------+--+
3 | datediff  |
4 +-----------+--+
5 | 445       |
6 +-----------+--+

 

日期加减：date_add（时间，增加天数），返回值为时间天+增加天的日期；date_sub（时间，减少天数），返回日期减少天后的日期。

1 select date_add(current_date,365) as dateadd;
2 +-------------+--+
3 |   dateadd   |
4 +-------------+--+
5 | 2019-03-22  |
6 +-------------+--+

 

时间差：两个日期之间的小时差

1 select (hour('2018-02-27 10:00:00')-hour('2018-02-25 12:00:00')+(datediff('2018-02-27 10:00:00','2018-02-25 12:00:00'))*24) as hour_subValue;
2 +----------------+--+
3 | hour_subValue  |
4 +----------------+--+
5 | 46             |
6 +----------------+--+

 

获取年、月、日、小时、分钟、秒、当年第几周

 

 1 select 
 2      year('2018-02-27 10:00:00')       as year
 3     ,month('2018-02-27 10:00:00')      as month
 4     ,day('2018-02-27 10:00:00')        as day
 5     ,hour('2018-02-27 10:00:00')       as hour
 6     ,minute('2018-02-27 10:00:00')     as minute
 7     ,second('2018-02-27 10:00:00')     as second
 8     ,weekofyear('2018-02-27 10:00:00') as weekofyear
 9 ; 
10 +-------+--------+------+-------+---------+---------+-------------+--+
11 | year  | month  | day  | hour  | minute  | second  | weekofyear  |
12 +-------+--------+------+-------+---------+---------+-------------+--+
13 | 2018  | 2      | 27   | 10    | 0       | 0       | 9           |
14 +-------+--------+------+-------+---------+---------+-------------+--+

 

转成日期：

1 select to_date('2018-02-27 10:03:01') ;
2 +-------------+--+
3 |     _c0     |
4 +-------------+--+
5 | 2018-02-27  |
6 +-------------+--+

 

当月最后一天：

1 select  last_day('2018-02-27 10:03:01');
2 +-------------+--+
3 |     _c0     |
4 +-------------+--+
5 | 2018-02-28  |
6 +-------------+--+

 

当月第一天：

1 select trunc(current_date,'MM') as day;
2 +-------------+--+
3 |     day     |
4 +-------------+--+
5 | 2018-03-01  |
6 +-------------+--+

 

当年第一天：

1 select trunc(current_date,'YY') as day;
2 +-------------+--+
3 |     day     |
4 +-------------+--+
5 | 2018-01-01  |
6 +-------------+--+

 

next_day，返回当前时间的下一个星期几所对应的日期 

1 select next_day('2018-02-27 10:03:01', 'TU');
2 +-------------+--+
3 |     _c0     |
4 +-------------+--+
5 | 2018-03-06  |
6 +-------------+--+

-- hive中怎么获取两个日期相减后的小时（精确到两位小数点），而且这两个日期有可能会出现一个日期有时分秒，一个日期没有时分秒的情况
select
     t3.day1
    ,t3.day2
    ,t3.day  -- 日期
    ,t3.hour -- 小时
    ,t3.min  -- 分钟
    ,t3.day + t3.hour          as hour_diff_1
    ,t3.day + t3.hour + t3.min as hour_diff_2
    ,round((cast(cast(t3.day1 as timestamp) as bigint) - cast(cast(t3.day2 as timestamp) as bigint)) / 3600,2) as hour_diff_3 -- 最优
    ,(datediff(t3.day1,t3.day2) * 24) + (nvl(hour(t3.day1),0) - nvl(hour(t3.day2),0)) + round((nvl(minute(t3.day1),0) - nvl(minute(t3.day2),0)) / 60,2) as hour_diff_4
from (
    select
         t2.day1
        ,t2.day2
        ,(datediff(t2.day1,t2.day2) * 24)                  as day  -- 日期
        ,(hour(t2.day1) - hour(t2.day2))                   as hour -- 小时
        ,round((minute(t2.day1) - minute(t2.day2)) / 60,2) as min  -- 分钟
    from (
        select
             cast(t1.day1 as timestamp) as day1
            ,cast(t1.day2 as timestamp) as day2
        from (
            select '2018-01-03 02:30:00' as day1, '2018-01-02 23:00:00' as day2 union all
            select '2018-06-02 08:15:22' as day1, '2018-06-02 06:11:16' as day2 union all
            select '2018-07-04'          as day1, '2018-07-02 01:01:01' as day2
        ) t1
    ) t2
) t3
;

 

+------------------------+------------------------+------+-------+--------+--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+--+
|          day1          |          day2          | day  | hour  |  min   | hour_diff_1  | hour_diff_2  | hour_diff_3  | hour_diff_4  |
+------------------------+------------------------+------+-------+--------+--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+--+
| 2018-07-04 00:00:00.0  | 2018-07-02 01:01:01.0  | 48   | -1    | -0.02  | 47           | 46.98        | 46.98        | 46.98        |
| 2018-01-03 02:30:00.0  | 2018-01-02 23:00:00.0  | 24   | -21   | 0.5    | 3            | 3.5          | 3.5          | 3.5          |
| 2018-06-02 08:15:22.0  | 2018-06-02 06:11:16.0  | 0    | 2     | 0.07   | 2            | 2.07         | 2.07         | 2.07         |
+------------------------+------------------------+------+-------+--------+--------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+--+

 

### 当周第一天，最后一天
date -d "2018-10-24 $(($(date -d 2018-10-24 +%u)-1)) days ago" +%Y-%m-%d
date -d "2018-10-24 $((7-$(date -d 2018-10-24 +%u))) days" +%Y-%m-%d