英语学习——定语和状语

定语:用于修饰名词
状语:用于修饰动词或句子
代词:he it 等
数词:one two等
形容词:handsome等
副词:carefully there very already often等
助动词:have will等,与动词联合使用
情态动词:may can must等,表语气

1.定语:对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语、句子,汉语中常用“…的”表示。定语常位于被修饰名词前,但若修饰some any every no构成的复合不定代词时,或不定式、分词短语做定语、从句做定语时,置后。副词做定语放在名词后面。
形容词做定语:Tom is a handsome boy.(handsome做定语)
数词做定语:There are two boys. (two做定语,相当与形容词)
代词做定语:His name is Tom. (his做定语)
名词所有格做定语:He needs Tom’s pen. (Tom’s做定语)
介词短语做定语:The boy in blue is Tom. (in blue做定语)
名词做定语:It is a ball pen. (ball做定语)
副词做定语:The boy there needs a pen.(there做定语)
不定式做定语:There is nothing to do today.(to do 做定语)
分词做定语:The smiling boy needs a pen. (smiling做定语)
定语从句:The boy you will know is Tom.(you will know做定语)

2.状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句子
,说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。
状语的位置很灵活:强调时放句首;修饰时放被修饰词前;表地点、时间、目的放句子两头;表强调放句首;地点需放时间状语前;表不确定时间(often)或程度(almost)放be动词、助动词、情态动词后,动词前。
The boy needs a pen very much. (very much程度状语)
The boy needs a pen now. (now程度状语)
In the classroom,the boy needs a pen.(地点状语)
He sits there,asking for a pen.(表示伴随状态)

参考:
https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/2201351566250016428.html

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