目录
flink 常见操作:可以通过 -help 查看帮助
run 运行任务
list 查看任务列表
Stop 停止任务
Cancel 取消任务
触发 savepoint
从指定 savepoint 中启动
modify 修改任务并行度
Info 显示程序的执行计划
Flink On Yarn
SQL Client Beta
进入 Flink SQL
Select 查询,按Q退出如下界面;
explain 查看 SQL 的执行计划。
结果展示
table mode
changelog mode
Environment Files
Restful API
Flink 提供了丰富的客户端操作来提交任务和与任务进行交互。下面主要从Flink命令行、Scala Shell、SQL Client、Restful API 和 Web 五个方面进行整理。
在 Flink 安装目录的 bin目录下可以看到 flink,start-scala-shell.sh 和 sql-client.sh 等文件,这些都是客户端操作的入口。
-d:以分离模式运行作业
-c:如果没有在 jar包中指定入口类,则需要在这里通过这个参数指定;
-m:指定需要连接的 jobmanager(主节点)地址,使用这个参数可以指定一个不同于配置文件中的 jobmanager,可以说是yarn集群名称;
-p:指定程序的并行度。可以覆盖配置文件中的默认值;
-s:保存点(savepoint)的路径以还原作业来自(例如hdfs:///flink/savepoint-1537);
[root@hadoop1 flink-1.10.1]# bin/flink run -d examples/streaming/TopSpeedWindowing.jar
Executing TopSpeedWindowing example with default input data set.
Use --input to specify file input.
Printing result to stdout. Use --output to specify output path.
Job has been submitted with JobID dce7b69ad15e8756766967c46122736f
就可以看到我们提交的 JobManager,默认是一个并发。
点进去就可以看到详细的信息
点击左侧 TaskManager —Stdout 能看到具体输出的日志信息。
或者查看 TaskManager 节点的 log目录下的 *.out 文件,也能看到具体的输出信息。
-m:jobmanager
[root@hadoop1 flink-1.10.1]# bin/flink list -m 127.0.0.1:8081
Waiting for response...
------------------ Running/Restarting Jobs -------------------
09.07.2020 16:44:09 : dce7b69ad15e8756766967c46122736f : CarTopSpeedWindowingExample (RUNNING)
--------------------------------------------------------------
No scheduled jobs.
需要指定 jobmanager 的ip:prot 和 jobId。如下报错可知,一个 job能够被 stop 要求所有的 source 都是可以 stoppable的,即实现了 StoppableFunction 接口。
[root@hadoop1 flink-1.10.1]# bin/flink stop -m 127.0.0.1:8081 dce7b69ad15e8756766967c46122736f
Suspending job "dce7b69ad15e8756766967c46122736f" with a savepoint.
------------------------------------------------------------
The program finished with the following exception:
org.apache.flink.util.FlinkException: Could not stop with a savepoint job "dce7b69ad15e8756766967c46122736f".
at org.apache.flink.client.cli.CliFrontend.lambda$stop$5(CliFrontend.java:458)
StoppableFunction 接口如下,属于优雅停止任务。
/**
* @Description 需要 stoppabel 的函数必须实现此接口,例如流式任务 source*
* stop() 方法在任务收到 stop信号的时候调用
* source 在接收到这个信号后,必须停止发送新的数据优雅的停止。
* @Date 2020/7/9 17:26
*/
@PublicEvolving
public interface StoppableFunction {
/**
* 停止 source,与 cancel() 不同的是,这是一个让 source优雅停止的请求。
* 等待中的数据可以继续发送出去,不需要立即停止
*/
void stop();
}
如果在 conf/flink-conf.yaml 里面配置 state.savepoints.dir,会保存 savepoint,否则不会保存 savepoint。(重启)
state.savepoints.dir: file:///tmp/savepoint
执行 Cancel 命令取消任务
[root@hadoop1 flink-1.10.1]# bin/flink cancel -m 127.0.0.1:8081 -s e8ce0d111262c52bf8228d5722742d47
DEPRECATION WARNING: Cancelling a job with savepoint is deprecated. Use "stop" instead.
Cancelling job e8ce0d111262c52bf8228d5722742d47 with savepoint to default savepoint directory.
Cancelled job e8ce0d111262c52bf8228d5722742d47. Savepoint stored in file:/tmp/savepoint/savepoint-e8ce0d-f7fa96a085d8.
也可以在停止的时候显示指定 savepoint 目录
[root@hadoop1 flink-1.10.1]# bin/flink cancel -m 127.0.0.1:8081 -s /tmp/savepoint f58bb4c49ee5580ab5f27fdb24083353
DEPRECATION WARNING: Cancelling a job with savepoint is deprecated. Use "stop" instead.
Cancelling job f58bb4c49ee5580ab5f27fdb24083353 with savepoint to /tmp/savepoint.
Cancelled job f58bb4c49ee5580ab5f27fdb24083353. Savepoint stored in file:/tmp/savepoint/savepoint-f58bb4-127b7e84910e.
查看 savepoint 目录发现上述两个cancel对应的 savepoint 文件如下:
[root@hadoop1 savepoint]# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 23 7月 10 10:47 savepoint-e8ce0d-f7fa96a085d8
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 23 7月 10 10:37 savepoint-f58bb4-127b7e84910e
[root@hadoop1 savepoint]# ll savepoint-e8ce0d-f7fa96a085d8/
总用量 16
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14301 7月 10 10:47 _metadata
取消和停止(流作业)的区别如下:
● cancel() 调用,立即调用作业算子的 cancel() 方法,以尽快取消它们。如果算子在接到 cancel() 调用后没有停止,Flink 将开始定期中断算子线程的执行,直到所有算子停止为止。
● stop() 调用,是更优雅的停止正在运行流作业的方式。stop() 仅适用于 source 实现了StoppableFunction 接口的作业。当用户请求停止作业时,作业的所有 source 都将接收 stop() 方法调用。直到所有 source 正常关闭时,作业才会正常结束。这种方式,使 作业正常处理完所有作业。
当需要生成 savepoint文件时,需要手动触发 savepoint 。如下,需要指定正在运行的 JobID 和生成文件的存放目录。同时,我们也可以看到它会返回给用户存放的 savepoint的文件名称等信息。
[root@hadoop1 flink-1.10.1]# bin/flink run -d examples/streaming/TopSpeedWindowing.jar
Executing TopSpeedWindowing example with default input data set.
Use --input to specify file input.
Printing result to stdout. Use --output to specify output path.
Job has been submitted with JobID 216c427d63e3754eb757d2cc268a448d
[root@hadoop1 flink-1.10.1]# bin/flink savepoint -m 127.0.0.1:8081 216c427d63e3754eb757d2cc268a448d /tmp/savepoint/
Triggering savepoint for job 216c427d63e3754eb757d2cc268a448d.
Waiting for response...
Savepoint completed. Path: file:/tmp/savepoint/savepoint-216c42-154a34cf6bfd
You can resume your program from this savepoint with the run command.
savepoint 和 checkpoint 的区别:
● checkpoint 是增量做的,每次的时间较短,数据量较小,只要在程序里面启用后会自动触发,用户无须感知;savepoint 是全量做的,每次的时间较长,数据量较大,需要用户主动去触发。
● checkpoint 是作业 failover 的时候自动使用,不需要用户指定。savepoint 一般用于程序的版本更新,bug修复,A/B Test等场景,需要用户指定。
[root@hadoop1 flink-1.10.1]# bin/flink run -d -s /tmp/savepoint/savepoint-f58bb4-127b7e84910e/ examples/streaming/TopSpeedWindowing.jar
Executing TopSpeedWindowing example with default input data set.
Use --input to specify file input.
Printing result to stdout. Use --output to specify output path.
Job has been submitted with JobID 1a5c5ce279e0e4bd8609f541b37652e2
查看JobManager的日志能够看到 Reset the checkpoint ID 为我们指定的 savepoint文件中的ID
这里修改master 的conf/flink-conf.yaml 将 task slot 数修改为4。并通过 xsync分发到 两个slave节点上。
taskmanager.numberOfTaskSlots: 4
修改参数后需要重启集群生效:关闭/启动集群
[root@hadoop1 flink-1.10.1]# bin/stop-cluster.sh && bin/start-cluster.sh
Stopping taskexecutor daemon (pid: 8236) on host hadoop2.
Stopping taskexecutor daemon (pid: 8141) on host hadoop3.
Stopping standalonesession daemon (pid: 22633) on host hadoop1.
Starting cluster.
Starting standalonesession daemon on host hadoop1.
Starting taskexecutor daemon on host hadoop2.
Starting taskexecutor daemon on host hadoop3.
启动任务
[root@hadoop1 flink-1.10.1]# bin/flink run -d examples/streaming/TopSpeedWindowing.jar
Executing TopSpeedWindowing example with default input data set.
Use --input to specify file input.
Printing result to stdout. Use --output to specify output path.
Job has been submitted with JobID 2e833a438da7d8052f14d5433910515a
从页面上能看到 Task Slots 总计变为了 8,运行的Slot 为 1,剩余Slot数量为7。
这时候默认的并行度是1
Flink1.0版本命令行flink modify 已经没有这个行为了,被移除了。。。Flink1.7 上是可以运行的。
[root@hadoop1 flink-1.10.1]# bin/flink modify -p 4 cc22cc3d09f5d65651d637be6fb0a1c3
"modify" is not a valid action.
[root@hadoop1 flink-1.10.1]# bin/flink info examples/streaming/TopSpeedWindowing.jar
----------------------- Execution Plan -----------------------
{"nodes":[{"id":1,"type":"Source: Custom Source","pact":"Data Source","contents":"Source: Custom Source","parallelism":1},{"id":2,"type":"Timestamps/Watermarks","pact":"Operator","contents":"Timestamps/Watermarks","parallelism":1,"predecessors":[{"id":1,"ship_strategy":"FORWARD","side":"second"}]},{"id":4,"type":"Window(GlobalWindows(), DeltaTrigger, TimeEvictor, ComparableAggregator, PassThroughWindowFunction)","pact":"Operator","contents":"Window(GlobalWindows(), DeltaTrigger, TimeEvictor, ComparableAggregator, PassThroughWindowFunction)","parallelism":1,"predecessors":[{"id":2,"ship_strategy":"HASH","side":"second"}]},{"id":5,"type":"Sink: Print to Std. Out","pact":"Data Sink","contents":"Sink: Print to Std. Out","parallelism":1,"predecessors":[{"id":4,"ship_strategy":"FORWARD","side":"second"}]}]}
--------------------------------------------------------------
拷贝输出的 json 内容,粘贴到这个网站:http://flink.apache.org/visualizer/可以生成类似如下的执行图。
可以与实际运行的物理执行计划进行对比。
【链接】
[root@hadoop1 flink-1.10.1]# bin/sql-client.sh embedded
Flink SQL> select 'hello word';
SQL Query Result (Table)
Table program finished. Page: Last of 1 Updated: 16:37:04.649
EXPR$0
hello word
Q Quit + Inc Refresh G Goto Page N Next Page O Open Row
R Refresh - Dec Refresh L Last Page P Prev Page
打开http://hadoop1:8081 能看到这条 select 语句产生的查询任务已经结束了。这个查询采用的是读取固定数据集的 Custom Source,输出用的是 Stream Collect Sink,且只输出一条结果。
Flink SQL> explain SELECT name, COUNT(*) AS cnt FROM (VALUES ('Bob'), ('Alice'), ('Greg'), ('Bob')) AS NameTable(name) GROUP BY name;
== Abstract Syntax Tree == //抽象语法树
LogicalAggregate(group=[{0}], cnt=[COUNT()])
+- LogicalValues(type=[RecordType(VARCHAR(5) name)], tuples=[[{ _UTF-16LE'Bob' }, { _UTF-16LE'Alice' }, { _UTF-16LE'Greg' }, { _UTF-16LE'Bob' }]])
== Optimized Logical Plan == //优化后的逻辑执行计划
GroupAggregate(groupBy=[name], select=[name, COUNT(*) AS cnt])
+- Exchange(distribution=[hash[name]])
+- Values(type=[RecordType(VARCHAR(5) name)], tuples=[[{ _UTF-16LE'Bob' }, { _UTF-16LE'Alice' }, { _UTF-16LE'Greg' }, { _UTF-16LE'Bob' }]])
== Physical Execution Plan == //物理执行计划
Stage 13 : Data Source
content : Source: Values(tuples=[[{ _UTF-16LE'Bob' }, { _UTF-16LE'Alice' }, { _UTF-16LE'Greg' }, { _UTF-16LE'Bob' }]])
Stage 15 : Operator
content : GroupAggregate(groupBy=[name], select=[name, COUNT(*) AS cnt])
ship_strategy : HASH
SQL Client 支持两种模式来维护并展示查询结果:
在内存中物化查询结果,并以分页 table 形式展示。用户可以通过以下命令启用 table mode:例如如下案例;
Flink SQL> SET execution.result-mode=table;
[INFO] Session property has been set.
Flink SQL> SELECT name, COUNT(*) AS cnt FROM (VALUES ('Bob'), ('Alice'), ('Greg'), ('Bob')) AS NameTable(name) GROUP BY name;
SQL Query Result (Table)
Table program finished. Page: Last of 1 Updated: 16:55:08.589
name cnt
Alice 1
Greg 1
Bob 2
Q Quit + Inc Refresh G Goto Page N Next Page O Open Row
R Refresh - Dec Refresh L Last Page P Prev Page
不会物化查询结果,而是直接对 continuous query 产生的添加和撤回(retractions) 结果进行展示:如下案例中的-表示撤回消息
Flink SQL> SET execution.result-mode=changelog;
[INFO] Session property has been set.
Flink SQL> SELECT name, COUNT(*) AS cnt FROM (VALUES ('Bob'), ('Alice'), ('Greg'), ('Bob')) AS NameTable(name) GROUP BY name;
SQL Query Result (Changelog)
Table program finished. Updated: 16:58:05.777
+/- name cnt
+ Bob 1
+ Alice 1
+ Greg 1
- Bob 1
+ Bob 2
Q Quit + Inc Refresh O Open Row
R Refresh - Dec Refresh
CREATE TABLE 创建表DDL语句:
Flink SQL> CREATE TABLE pvuv_sink (
> dt VARCHAR,
> pv BIGINT,
> uv BIGINT
> ) ;
[INFO] Table has been created.
SHOW TABLES 查看所有表名
Flink SQL> show tables;
pvuv_sink
DESCRIBE 表名,查看表的详细信息;
Flink SQL> describe pvuv_sink;
root
|-- dt: STRING
|-- pv: BIGINT
|-- uv: BIGINT
插入等操作均与关系型数据库操作语句一样,省略N个操作
接下来我们演示如何通过 rest api 来提交 jar包和执行任务。
通过 Show Plan 可以看到执行图
提交之后的操作,取消的话点击页面的 Cancel Job