Android 自定义View（手写签名）

Demo地址 （源码已经更新，请直接移步Github）

https://github.com/venusic/E-signature

概述

本文通过自定义View实现Android手写签名，实现透明背景，边缘空白裁剪功能。

自定义LinePathView

代码注释有详细注释，不在具体讲解代码。

public class LinePathView extends View {

    private Context mContext;

    /**
     * 笔画X坐标起点
     */
    private float mX;
    /**
     * 笔画Y坐标起点
     */
    private float mY;
    /**
     * 手写画笔
     */
    private final Paint mGesturePaint = new Paint();
    /**
     * 路径
     */
    private final Path mPath = new Path();
    /**
     * 签名画笔
     */
    private Canvas cacheCanvas;
    /**
     * 签名画布
     */
    private Bitmap cachebBitmap;
    /**
     * 是否已经签名
     */
    private boolean isTouched = false;
    /**
     * 画笔宽度 px；
     */
    private int mPaintWidth = 10;
    /**
     * 前景色
     */
    private int mPenColor = Color.BLACK;
    /**
     * 背景色（指最终签名结果文件的背景颜色，默认为透明色）
     */
    private int mBackColor=Color.TRANSPARENT;
    public LinePathView(Context context) {
        super(context);
        init(context);
    }

    public LinePathView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        init(context);
    }

    public LinePathView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        init(context);
    }

    public void init(Context context) {
        this.mContext = context;
        //设置抗锯齿
        mGesturePaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        //设置签名笔画样式
        mGesturePaint.setStyle(Style.STROKE);
        //设置笔画宽度
        mGesturePaint.setStrokeWidth(mPaintWidth);
        //设置签名颜色
        mGesturePaint.setColor(mPenColor);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
        super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
        //创建跟view一样大的bitmap，用来保存签名
        cachebBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(getWidth(), getHeight(), Config.ARGB_8888);
        cacheCanvas = new Canvas(cachebBitmap);
        cacheCanvas.drawColor(mBackColor);
        isTouched=false;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        switch (event.getAction()) {
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                touchDown(event);
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                isTouched = true;
                touchMove(event);
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
            //将路径画到bitmap中，即一次笔画完成才去更新bitmap，而手势轨迹是实时显示在画板上的。
                cacheCanvas.drawPath(mPath, mGesturePaint);
                mPath.reset();
                break;
        }
        // 更新绘制
        invalidate();
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        //画此次笔画之前的签名
        canvas.drawBitmap(cachebBitmap, 0, 0, mGesturePaint);
        // 通过画布绘制多点形成的图形
        canvas.drawPath(mPath, mGesturePaint);
    }

    // 手指点下屏幕时调用
    private void touchDown(MotionEvent event) {
        // 重置绘制路线
        mPath.reset();
        float x = event.getX();
        float y = event.getY();
        mX = x;
        mY = y;
        // mPath绘制的绘制起点
        mPath.moveTo(x, y);
    }

    // 手指在屏幕上滑动时调用
    private void touchMove(MotionEvent event) {
        final float x = event.getX();
        final float y = event.getY();
        final float previousX = mX;
        final float previousY = mY;
        final float dx = Math.abs(x - previousX);
        final float dy = Math.abs(y - previousY);
        // 两点之间的距离大于等于3时，生成贝塞尔绘制曲线
        if (dx >= 3 || dy >= 3) {
            // 设置贝塞尔曲线的操作点为起点和终点的一半
            float cX = (x + previousX) / 2;
            float cY = (y + previousY) / 2;
            // 二次贝塞尔，实现平滑曲线；previousX, previousY为操作点，cX, cY为终点
            mPath.quadTo(previousX, previousY, cX, cY);
            // 第二次执行时，第一次结束调用的坐标值将作为第二次调用的初始坐标值
            mX = x;
            mY = y;
        }
    }
    /**
     * 清除画板
     */
    public void clear() {
        if (cacheCanvas != null) {
            isTouched = false;
            //更新画板信息
            mGesturePaint.setColor(mPenColor);
            cacheCanvas.drawColor(mBackColor,PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR);
            mGesturePaint.setColor(mPenColor);
            invalidate();
        }
    }


    /**
     * 保存画板
     * @param path 保存到路径
     */
    public void save(String path)  throws IOException {
        save(path, false, 0);
    }

    /**
     * 保存画板
     * @param path       保存到路径
     * @param clearBlank 是否清除边缘空白区域
     * @param blank  要保留的边缘空白距离
     */
    public void save(String path, boolean clearBlank, int blank) throws IOException {

        Bitmap bitmap=cachebBitmap;
        //BitmapUtil.createScaledBitmapByHeight(srcBitmap, 300);//  压缩图片
        if (clearBlank) {
            bitmap = clearBlank(bitmap, blank);
        }
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, bos);
        byte[] buffer = bos.toByteArray();
        if (buffer != null) {
                File file = new File(path);
                if (file.exists()) {
                    file.delete();
                }
                OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
                outputStream.write(buffer);
                outputStream.close();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获取画板的bitmap
     * @return
     */
    public Bitmap getBitMap()
    {
        setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);
        buildDrawingCache();
        Bitmap bitmap=getDrawingCache();
        setDrawingCacheEnabled(false);
        return bitmap;
    }
    /**
     * 逐行扫描 清楚边界空白。
     *
     * @param bp
     * @param blank 边距留多少个像素
     * @return
     */
    private Bitmap clearBlank(Bitmap bp, int blank) {
        int HEIGHT = bp.getHeight();
        int WIDTH = bp.getWidth();
        int top = 0, left = 0, right = 0, bottom = 0;
        int[] pixs = new int[WIDTH];
        boolean isStop;
        //扫描上边距不等于背景颜色的第一个点
        for (int y = 0; y < HEIGHT; y++) {
            bp.getPixels(pixs, 0, WIDTH, 0, y, WIDTH, 1);
            isStop = false;
            for (int pix : pixs) {
                if (pix != mBackColor) {
                    top = y;
                    isStop = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (isStop) {
                break;
            }
        }
        //扫描下边距不等于背景颜色的第一个点
        for (int y = HEIGHT - 1; y >= 0; y--) {
            bp.getPixels(pixs, 0, WIDTH, 0, y, WIDTH, 1);
            isStop = false;
            for (int pix : pixs) {
                if (pix != mBackColor) {
                    bottom = y;
                    isStop = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (isStop) {
                break;
            }
        }
        pixs = new int[HEIGHT];
        //扫描左边距不等于背景颜色的第一个点
        for (int x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++) {
            bp.getPixels(pixs, 0, 1, x, 0, 1, HEIGHT);
            isStop = false;
            for (int pix : pixs) {
                if (pix != mBackColor) {
                    left = x;
                    isStop = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (isStop) {
                break;
            }
        }
        //扫描右边距不等于背景颜色的第一个点
        for (int x = WIDTH - 1; x > 0; x--) {
            bp.getPixels(pixs, 0, 1, x, 0, 1, HEIGHT);
            isStop = false;
            for (int pix : pixs) {
                if (pix != mBackColor) {
                    right = x;
                    isStop = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (isStop) {
                break;
            }
        }
        if (blank < 0) {
            blank = 0;
        }
        //计算加上保留空白距离之后的图像大小
        left = left - blank > 0 ? left - blank : 0;
        top = top - blank > 0 ? top - blank : 0;
        right = right + blank > WIDTH - 1 ? WIDTH - 1 : right + blank;
        bottom = bottom + blank > HEIGHT - 1 ? HEIGHT - 1 : bottom + blank;
        return Bitmap.createBitmap(bp, left, top, right - left, bottom - top);
    }

    /**
     * 设置画笔宽度 默认宽度为10px
     *
     * @param mPaintWidth
     */
    public void setPaintWidth(int mPaintWidth) {
        mPaintWidth = mPaintWidth > 0 ? mPaintWidth : 10;
        this.mPaintWidth = mPaintWidth;
        mGesturePaint.setStrokeWidth(mPaintWidth);

    }


    public void setBackColor(@ColorInt int backColor)
    {
        mBackColor=backColor;
    }


    /**
     * 设置画笔颜色
     *
     * @param mPenColor
     */
    public void setPenColor(int mPenColor) {
        this.mPenColor = mPenColor;
        mGesturePaint.setColor(mPenColor);
    }

    /**
     * 是否有签名
     *
     * @return
     */
    public boolean getTouched() {
        return isTouched;
    }
}

使用

• 添加View

    <com.wastrel.handwritedemo.LinePathView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:id="@+id/view"
        android:background="#FFFFFF" />

• 保存

if (mPathView.getTouched()) {
    try {
        mPathView.save("/sdcard/qm.png", true, 10);
        setResult(100);
        finish();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
} else {
    Toast.makeText(HandWriteActivity.this, "您没有签名~", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}

• 清除

mPathView.clear();

• 修改背景、笔宽、颜色

  mPathView.setBackColor(Color.RED);
  mPathView.setPaintWidth(20);
  mPathView.setPenColor(Color.WHITE);
  mPathView.clear();

效果