Python datetime strftime（）方法与示例

Python datetime.strftime()方法 (Python datetime.strftime() Method)

datetime.strftime() method is used to manipulate objects of datetime class of module datetime.

datetime.strftime()方法用于操作模块datetime的datetime类的对象。

It takes an instance of the class and returns a string representing the date and time, which is controlled by an explicit format string.

它使用该类的实例，并返回表示日期和时间的字符串，该字符串由显式格式字符串控制。

Module:

模块：

    import datetime

Class:

类：

    from datetime import datetime

Syntax:

句法：

    strftime(format)

Parameter(s):

参数：

• format - it is the string format code based on which string representation and formatting occurs. For example, %Y, %m, %d, etc. are format codes. This method takes one or more format codes as an argument and returns a formatted string based on that.

  format-它是字符串格式代码，基于该代码的字符串表示形式和格式发生。 例如， ％Y ， ％m ， ％d等是格式代码。 此方法将一个或多个格式代码作为参数，并根据该格式返回格式化的字符串。

Given below is a list of all the format codes available:

以下是所有可用格式代码的列表：

Directive	Meaning	Example
%a	Abbreviated weekday name.	Sun, Mon, ...
%A	Full weekday name.	Sunday, Monday, ...
%w	Weekday as a decimal number.	0, 1, ..., 6
%d	Day of the month as a zero-padded decimal.	01, 02, ..., 31
%-d	Day of the month as a decimal number.	1, 2, ..., 30
%b	Abbreviated month name.	Jan, Feb, ..., Dec
%B	Full month name.	January, February, ...
%m	Month as a zero-padded decimal number.	01, 02, ..., 12
%-m	Month as a decimal number.	1, 2, ..., 12
%y	Year without century as a zero-padded decimal number.	00, 01, ..., 99
%-y	Year without century as a decimal number.	0,1, 2, … , 99
%Y	Year with century as a decimal number.	2020, 2019 etc.
%H	Hour (24-hour clock) as a zero-padded decimal number.	00, 01, ..., 23
%-H	Hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number.	0, 1, 2, ..., 23
%I	Hour (12-hour clock) as a zero-padded decimal number.	01, 02, ..., 12
%-I	Hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number.	1,2,.., 12
%p	Local AM or PM.	AM, PM
%M	Minute as a zero-padded decimal number.	00, 01, ..., 59
%-M	Minute as a decimal number.	0, 1, ..., 59
%S	Second as a zero-padded decimal number.	00, 01, ..., 59
%-S	Second as a decimal number.	0, 1, ..., 59
%f	Microsecond as a decimal number,zero-padded on the left.	000000 - 999999
%z	UTC offset in the form +HHMM or -HHMM.	N/A
%Z	Time zone name.	N/A
%j	Day of the year as a zero-padded decimal number.	001, 002, ..., 366
%-j	Day of the year as a decimal number.	1, 2, ..., 366
%c	Appropriate local date and time representation	Wed Oct 27 01:04:15 2020
%x	Appropriate local date representation.	09/30/13
%X	Appropriate local time representation.	09:07:06
%U	Week number of the year, with Sunday as the first day of the week	00, 01, ..., 53
%W	Week number of the year, with Monday as the first day of the week	00, 01, ..., 53

指示	含义	例
％一个	工作日名称的缩写。	周日，周一...
％一个	工作日全名。	星期天星期一， ...
％w	工作日为十进制数字。	0，1，...，6
％d	月份中的一天，以零填充的十进制表示。	01，02，...，31
％d	以十进制数表示的月份中的一天。	1，2，...，30
％b	缩写的月份名称。	一月，二月，...，十二月
％B	完整的月份名称。	一月二月， ...
％m	以零填充的十进制数字表示的月份。	01、02，...，12
％-m	以十进制数表示的月份。	1，2，...，12
％y	无世纪的年份，为零填充的十进制数字。	00、01，...，99
％-y	没有世纪的年份作为十进制数字。	0,1，2，…，99
％Y	以世纪作为十进制数字的年份。	2020、2019等
％H	小时(24小时制)，为补零的十进制数字。	00、01，...，23
％-H	小时(24小时制)为十进制数字。	0，1，2，...，23
％一世	小时(12小时制)，为零填充的十进制数字。	01、02，...，12
％-一世	小时(12小时制)为十进制数字。	1,2，..，12
％p	本地AM或PM。	上午下午
％M	分钟，为零填充的十进制数字。	00、01，...，59
％-M	以十进制数字表示。	0，1，...，59
％S	第二个为零填充的十进制数。	00、01，...，59
％-S	第二个十进制数字。	0，1，...，59
％F	微秒，十进制数，在左侧补零。	000000-999999
％z	UTC偏移量，格式为+ HHMM或-HHMM。	不适用
％Z	时区名称。	不适用
％j	一年中的一天，为零填充的十进制数字。	001，002，...，366
％-j	一年中的天，以十进制数字表示。	1，2，...，366
％C	适当的本地日期和时间表示	2020年10月27日星期三01:04:15
％X	适当的本地日期表示形式。	13/9/30
％X	适当的本地时间表示。	09:07:06
％U	一年中的第几周，以星期日为一周的第一天	00、01，...，53
％W	一年中的第几周，星期一为一周的第一天	00、01，...，53

Return value:

返回值：

The return type of this method is a string converted according to the format code.

此方法的返回类型是根据格式代码转换的字符串。

Example:

例：

## Python program explaining the 
## use of strftime() method in datetime class

from datetime import datetime
import pytz

## Creating an instance
x = datetime.now()
timezone = pytz.timezone("Asia/Kolkata")
## Adding timezone information in datetime object
x = x.astimezone(timezone)
c = x.strftime("%c")
print("Date and time representation using strftime:", c)
print()

##You can extract information using these methods
print("Abbreviated weekday name:", x.strftime("%a"))
print("Full weekday name:", x.strftime("%A"))
print("Weekday as a decimal number:", x.strftime("%w"))
print("Day of the month as a zero-padded decimal:", x.strftime("%d"))
print("Full month name:", x.strftime("%B"))
print("Month as a decimal number:", x.strftime("%-m"))
print("Year with century as a decimal number:", x.strftime("%Y"))
print("What day of the year is it?", x.strftime("%-j"))
print("What is the week number of this day?", x.strftime("%U"))##or x.strftime("%W")
print("What is the name of the timezone given", x.strftime("%Z"))
print("Is it AM or PM", x.strftime("%p"))
print("Time ahead of UTC time by:", x.strftime("%z"))
print()

## Different ways of representing the Date as a date string
print("Output 1: date:", x.strftime("%d/%m/%Y"))
print("Output 2: time:", x.strftime("%H:%M:%S:%f"))
print("Output 3: time with timezone:", x.strftime("%H:%M:%S:%f %z"))
print("Output 4: date with day: ", x.strftime("%a %d/%B/%Y"))
print("Output 5:", x.strftime("%A, %Y/%m/%d, %H:%M:%S:%f %Z"))
print("Output 6:", x.strftime("%x"))
print("Output 7:", x.strftime("%X"))
## You can create any combination of the date and time 
## representation you want 

Output

输出量

Date and time representation using strftime: Sun May  3 23:08:28 2020

Abbreviated weekday name: Sun
Full weekday name: Sunday
Weekday as a decimal number: 0
Day of the month as a zero-padded decimal: 03
Full month name: May
Month as a decimal number: 5
Year with century as a decimal number: 2020
What day of the year is it? 124
What is the week number of this day? 18
What is the name of the timezone given IST
Is it AM or PM PM
Time ahead of UTC time by: +0530

Output 1: date: 03/05/2020
Output 2: time: 23:08:28:024355
Output 3: time with timezone: 23:08:28:024355 +0530
Output 4: date with day:  Sun 03/May/2020
Output 5: Sunday, 2020/05/03, 23:08:28:024355 IST
Output 6: 05/03/20
Output 7: 23:08:28

翻译自: https://www.includehelp.com/python/datetime-strftime-method-with-example.aspx