用windows api获取mac地址和硬盘id编号

1. 获取机器的MAC地址真的有很多种方法。可以通过windows api，可以通过wmi服务等。MSDN上面的例子是使用IP helper函数GetAdaptersInfo。其实还有一个api，是GetAdaptersAddresses。NetBios和DDK的方法不推荐使用，低于api层次的调用不保证微软会淘汰掉。建立一个支持MFC的控制台程序:

stdafx.h

 #include <vector>
 #include <string>
 typedef std::vector< std::string > MACAddresses;
 typedef MACAddresses::iterator vsIt;

GetNetBiosMacAddresses.cpp

 #include "stdafx.h"
 #include <windows.h>
 #include <wincon.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <nb30.h>
 // Netbios is not supported on Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, and subsequent versions of the operating system]l
 // For using NetAPI to get MAC, should include nb30.h
 #define MACSESION 6
 #pragma warning( disable : 4996 )
 #pragma comment(lib,"Netapi32.lib")
 typedef struct _ASTAT_
 {
     ADAPTER_STATUS adapt;
     NAME_BUFFER NameBuff [30];
 }ASTAT, * PASTAT;

 ASTAT Adapter; // to store MAC information
 // input parameter: lana_num start from 0, but in windows, not continuously allocated, so not reliable.
 std::string getmac_one( int lana_num )
 {
     NCB ncb;
     UCHAR uRetCode;

     memset( &ncb, 0, sizeof( ncb ) );
     ncb.ncb_command = NCBRESET;
     ncb.ncb_lana_num = lana_num;

     uRetCode = Netbios( &ncb );
     //printf( "The NCBRESET return code is:0x%x \n", uRetCode );

     memset( &ncb, 0, sizeof( ncb ) );
     ncb.ncb_command = NCBASTAT;
     ncb.ncb_lana_num = lana_num;

     strcpy( (char *)ncb.ncb_callname, "* " );
     ncb.ncb_buffer = ( unsigned char * ) &Adapter;

     ncb.ncb_length = sizeof( Adapter );
     uRetCode = Netbios( &ncb );
     // printf( "The NCBASTAT return code is: 0x%x \n", uRetCode );
     std::string s;
     if ( uRetCode == 0 )
     {
         int bAddressInt [ MACSESION ];
         char CommarSeperatedAddress[ MACSESION * 3 ]={0};
         for( int i = 0; i < MACSESION; ++i )
         {
             bAddressInt[ i ] = Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[ i ];
             bAddressInt[ i ] &= 0x000000ff; // avoid "ff" leading bytes when "char" is lager then 0x7f
         }
         sprintf( CommarSeperatedAddress, "%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
                                bAddressInt[ 0 ],
                                bAddressInt[ 1 ],
                                bAddressInt[ 2 ],
                                bAddressInt[ 3 ],
                                bAddressInt[ 4 ],
                                bAddressInt[ 5 ]); // Should use scl::FormatString inside
         s = CommarSeperatedAddress;
     }
     return s;
 }

 MACAddresses GetNetBiosMacAddresses()
 {
     NCB ncb;
     UCHAR uRetCode;
     LANA_ENUM lana_enum;
     memset( &ncb, 0, sizeof( ncb ) );
     ncb.ncb_command = NCBENUM;

     ncb.ncb_buffer = (unsigned char *) &lana_enum;
     ncb.ncb_length = sizeof( lana_enum );

     uRetCode = Netbios( &ncb );
     //printf( "The NCBENUM return code is:0x%x \n", uRetCode );
     MACAddresses vAdd;
     if ( uRetCode == 0 )
     {
         //printf( "Ethernet Count is : %d\n\n", lana_enum.length);
         for ( int i=0; i < lana_enum.length; ++i )
         {
             std::string s = getmac_one( lana_enum.lana[i] );
             if( ! s.empty() )
             {
                 vAdd.push_back( s );
             }
         }
     }
     return vAdd;
 }

GetMacAddresses.cpp

 #include "stdafx.h"
 #include <Winsock2.h>
 #include <Iphlpapi.h>
 #pragma comment(lib,"Iphlpapi")
 #pragma warning( disable : 4996 )
 #define MACSESION 6
 MACAddresses GetINETMacAddresses()
 {
     PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES pAddresses = NULL;
     ULONG family = AF_INET;
     ULONG flags = GAA_FLAG_INCLUDE_PREFIX;
     ULONG outBufLen = sizeof( IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES );

     // Make an initial call to GetAdaptersAddresses to get the
     // size needed into the outBufLen variable
     if ( GetAdaptersAddresses( family, flags, NULL, pAddresses, &outBufLen ) == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW )
     {
         pAddresses = static_cast<PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES>( HeapAlloc( GetProcessHeap(), 0, outBufLen ) );
     }

     _ASSERT( pAddresses );
     // Make a second call to GetAdapters Addresses to get the
     // actual data we want
     DWORD dwRetVal = GetAdaptersAddresses( family, flags, NULL, pAddresses, &outBufLen );

     MACAddresses vAddress;
     if ( dwRetVal != ERROR_SUCCESS )
     {
         return vAddress;
     }
     PIP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES pFirst = pAddresses;
     while( pAddresses )
     {
         BYTE* pa = pAddresses->PhysicalAddress;
         if ( ! pa || ! pa[ 0 ] )
         {
             break;
         }
         char bAddressBytes[ MACSESION ];
         int bAddressInt [ MACSESION ];
         memset( bAddressBytes, 0, MACSESION );
         size_t nAddressSize = pAddresses->PhysicalAddressLength;
         memcpy( bAddressBytes, pa, ( nAddressSize < MACSESION ? nAddressSize : MACSESION ));
         char CommarSeperatedAddress[ MACSESION * 3 ]={0};
         for( int i = 0; i < MACSESION; ++i )
         {
             bAddressInt[ i ] = bAddressBytes[ i ];
             bAddressInt[ i ] &= 0x000000ff; // avoid "ff" leading bytes when "char" is lager then 0x7f
         }
         sprintf( CommarSeperatedAddress, "%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
                                bAddressInt[ 0 ],
                                bAddressInt[ 1 ],
                                bAddressInt[ 2 ],
                                bAddressInt[ 3 ],
                                bAddressInt[ 4 ],
                                bAddressInt[ 5 ]); // Should use scl::FormatString inside
         pAddresses = pAddresses->Next ? pAddresses->Next : NULL;
         vAddress.push_back( std::string( CommarSeperatedAddress ) );
     }
     HeapFree( GetProcessHeap(), 0, pFirst );
     return vAddress;
 }

2. 获取硬盘的id, api函数得到的都是和windows安装相关的id，也就是windows硬件管理器分配的id，而不是真正的硬件生产厂商的id. 所以，为了得到真正的和硬盘序列号相关的信息，最好是使用WMI服务查询。

GetPartitionVolumeSerialNumber.cpp

 #include "stdafx.h"
 DWORD GetPartitionVolumeSerialNumber() // Get Disk partition volumn id, not hard disk id
 {
     TCHAR lpRootPathName[]= _T( "\\\\.\\PhysicalDrive0\\" ); // Use physical drive, not C:disk
     TCHAR lpVolumeNameBuffer[ 12 ]; //disk volumn
     DWORD nVolumeNameSize =12;
     DWORD VolumeSerialNumber; // Serial number
     DWORD MaximumComponentLength;
     TCHAR lpFileSystemNameBuffer[ 10 ];
     DWORD nFileSystemNameSize = 10;
     DWORD FileSystemFlags;
     BOOL ret = GetVolumeInformation( lpRootPathName,
                                      lpVolumeNameBuffer,
                                      nVolumeNameSize,
                                      &VolumeSerialNumber,
                                      &MaximumComponentLength,
                                      &FileSystemFlags,
                                      lpFileSystemNameBuffer,
                                      nFileSystemNameSize);

     printf( "Partition serial number is %0xd\n", VolumeSerialNumber );
     if( ret )
     {
         return VolumeSerialNumber;
     }
     else
     {
         return FALSE;
     }
 }

GetPhysicalSerialNumber.cpp

 #include "stdafx.h"
 #include <Iphlpapi.h>
 #pragma comment(lib,"Iphlpapi")
 //#pragma warning( disable : 4996 )
 // IOCTL command constants
 #define DFP_GET_VERSION 0x00074080
 #define DFP_RECEIVE_DRIVE_DATA 0x0007c088
 // values for IDEREGS.bCommandReg
 #define IDE_ATAPI_IDENTIFY 0xA1
 #define IDE_ATA_IDENTIFY 0xEC
 #define IDENTIFY_BUFFER_SIZE 512

 //save disk information
 typedef struct _GETVERSIONOUTPARAMS
 {
     BYTE bVersion;
     BYTE bRevision;
     BYTE bReserved;
     BYTE bIDEDeviceMap;
     DWORD fCapabilities;
     DWORD dwReserved[4];
 } GETVERSIONOUTPARAMS, *PGETVERSIONOUTPARAMS, *LPGETVERSIONOUTPARAMS;
 // IDE register information
 typedef struct _IDEREGS
 {
     BYTE bFeaturesReg;
     BYTE bSectorCountReg;
     BYTE bSectorNumberReg;
     BYTE bCylLowReg;
     BYTE bCylHighReg;
     BYTE bDriveHeadReg;
     BYTE bCommandReg;
     BYTE bReserved;
 } IDEREGS, *PIDEREGS, *LPIDEREGS;
 // disk command input parameter
 typedef struct _SENDCMDINPARAMS
 {
     DWORD cBufferSize;
     IDEREGS irDriveRegs;
     BYTE bDriveNumber;
     BYTE bReserved[3];
     DWORD dwReserved[4];
     BYTE bBuffer[1];
 } SENDCMDINPARAMS, *PSENDCMDINPARAMS, *LPSENDCMDINPARAMS;
 // disk status
 typedef struct _DRIVERSTATUS
 {
     BYTE bDriverError;
     BYTE bIDEStatus;
     BYTE bReserved[2];
     DWORD dwReserved[2];
 } DRIVERSTATUS, *PDRIVERSTATUS, *LPDRIVERSTATUS;
 // sent param for disk commands
 typedef struct _SENDCMDOUTPARAMS
 {
     DWORD cBufferSize;
     DRIVERSTATUS DriverStatus;
     BYTE bBuffer[1];
 } SENDCMDOUTPARAMS, *PSENDCMDOUTPARAMS, *LPSENDCMDOUTPARAMS;
 void GetDiskPhysicalSN(char pchDiskPhysicalSN[14])
 {
     BYTE IdOutCmd[530];
     HANDLE drive=CreateFile(L"\\\\.\\PhysicalDrive0", GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL );
     if ( drive == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE )
     {
         pchDiskPhysicalSN[ 0 ] = 0;
         return ;
     }
     GETVERSIONOUTPARAMS VersionParams;
     DWORD cbBytesReturned = 0;
     memset( ( void* ) &VersionParams, 0, sizeof( VersionParams ) );
     if ( ! DeviceIoControl( drive, DFP_GET_VERSION, NULL, 0, &VersionParams, sizeof( VersionParams ), &cbBytesReturned, NULL ) )
     {
         pchDiskPhysicalSN[ 0 ] = 0;
         return ;
     }
     if (VersionParams.bIDEDeviceMap<=0)
     {
         pchDiskPhysicalSN[ 0 ] = 0;
         return ;
     }
     BYTE bIDCmd = 0;
     SENDCMDINPARAMS scip;
     bIDCmd = ( VersionParams.bIDEDeviceMap >> 0 & 0x10 ) ? IDE_ATAPI_IDENTIFY : IDE_ATA_IDENTIFY;
     memset( &scip, 0, sizeof( scip) );
     memset( IdOutCmd, 0, sizeof( IdOutCmd ) );
     scip.cBufferSize = IDENTIFY_BUFFER_SIZE;
     scip.irDriveRegs.bFeaturesReg = 0;
     scip.irDriveRegs.bSectorCountReg = 1;
     scip.irDriveRegs.bSectorNumberReg = 1;
     scip.irDriveRegs.bCylLowReg = 0;
     scip.irDriveRegs.bCylHighReg = 0;
     scip.irDriveRegs.bDriveHeadReg= 0xA0 | ( ( ( BYTE ) drive & 1 ) << 4 );
     scip.irDriveRegs.bCommandReg = bIDCmd;
     scip.bDriveNumber = ( BYTE ) drive;
     scip.cBufferSize = IDENTIFY_BUFFER_SIZE;
     if ( ! DeviceIoControl( drive, DFP_RECEIVE_DRIVE_DATA, &scip, sizeof( SENDCMDINPARAMS)- 1, ( LPVOID )&IdOutCmd, sizeof( SENDCMDOUTPARAMS ) + IDENTIFY_BUFFER_SIZE - 1, &cbBytesReturned, NULL ) )
     {
         pchDiskPhysicalSN[ 0 ] = 0;
         return ;
     }
     USHORT *pIdSector = ( USHORT * )( ( PSENDCMDOUTPARAMS )IdOutCmd )->bBuffer;
     int nPosition = 0;
     for( int nIndex = 13; nIndex < 20; nIndex++ )
     {
         pchDiskPhysicalSN[ nPosition++ ]=( unsigned char )( pIdSector[ nIndex ] / 256 );
         pchDiskPhysicalSN[ nPosition++ ]=( unsigned char )( pIdSector[ nIndex ] % 256 );
     }
 }

 void GetDiskPhysicalSerialNumber( char* pchSerialNumber )
 {
     char pchDiskPhysicalSN[ 14 ];
     GetDiskPhysicalSN( pchDiskPhysicalSN );
     int nSerial[ 14 ];
     for( int i = 0 ; i < 14; ++ i )
     {
         nSerial[ i ] = pchDiskPhysicalSN[ i ];
         nSerial[ i ] &= 0x000000ff;
     }
     sprintf( pchSerialNumber, "%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
                                nSerial[ 0 ],
                                nSerial[ 1 ],
                                nSerial[ 2 ],
                                nSerial[ 3 ],
                                nSerial[ 4 ],
                                nSerial[ 5 ],
                                nSerial[ 6 ],
                                nSerial[ 7 ],
                                nSerial[ 8 ],
                                nSerial[ 9 ],
                                nSerial[ 10 ],
                                nSerial[ 11 ],
                                nSerial[ 12 ],
                                nSerial[ 13 ]); // Should use scl::FormatString inside
 }

main.cpp

 #include "stdafx.h"
 MACAddresses GetINETMacAddresses();
 MACAddresses GetNetBiosMacAddresses();
 DWORD GetPartitionVolumeSerialNumber();
 void GetDiskPhysicalSerialNumber( char* pchDiskPhysicalSN );
 int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 {
     DWORD VolumeSerialNumber = 0;
     if( ! GetPartitionVolumeSerialNumber() )
     {
         TRACE( "(Get Disk Partition ID met error : %d)\n", GetLastError() );
     }
     else
     {
         printf( "Disk Partition ID = %0xd\n", VolumeSerialNumber );
     }
     char pchSerialNumber[ 50 ];
     GetDiskPhysicalSerialNumber( pchSerialNumber );
     printf("PhysicalSerialNumber is %s\n", pchSerialNumber );
     printf("--------\n");

     MACAddresses& vAddresses = GetINETMacAddresses();
     for( vsIt it = vAddresses.begin(); it != vAddresses.end(); ++ it )
     {
         printf( "INET MAC addresses = %s\n", it->c_str() );
     }
     MACAddresses& vAddresses2 = GetNetBiosMacAddresses();
     for( vsIt it = vAddresses2.begin(); it != vAddresses2.end(); ++ it )
     {
         printf( "NetBios MAC addresses = %s\n", it->c_str() );
     }
     return 0;
 }