Flink-dataStream的种类和基本使用

官方案例以及说明地址：
官方案例

map

取一个元素并产生一个元素。一个映射函数，将输入流的值加倍

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    StreamExecutionEnvironment environment = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
    DataStreamSource<Integer> dataStreamSource = environment.fromElements(1, 9, 4, 2, 8);
    // 用于映射，取一个元素，并返回一个新的元素,内部实现的是MapFunction
    SingleOutputStreamOperator<Integer> dataStream = dataStreamSource.map(i -> i * 2);

    // 功能更强大的Map ：RichMapFunction，常用的方法有3个。
    SingleOutputStreamOperator<Integer> dataStream2 = dataStreamSource.map(new RichMapFunction<Integer, Integer>() {
        // 例如：open方法打开数据库连接
        // open 在构造方法之后，map方法之前执行，执行一次，一般用于初始化一个连接
        @Override
        public void open(Configuration parameters) throws Exception {
            super.open(parameters);
        }

        // 对数据库数据进行操作
        @Override
        public Integer map(Integer integer) throws Exception {
            return null;
        }

        // 一般用于资源释放，如关闭数据库连接
        @Override
        public void close() throws Exception {
            super.close();
        }
    });

    dataStream.print();
    environment.execute("MapDemo");
}

结果：

flatMap

取一个元素并产生零个，一个或多个元素。平面图功能可将句子拆分为单词

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
    DataStreamSource<String> dataSource = env.fromElements("spark flink hadoop", "spark hello flink flink");

    // 方式一：内置函数实现
    SingleOutputStreamOperator<String> dataStream = dataSource.flatMap(new FlatMapFunction<String, String>() {
        @Override
        public void flatMap(String line, Collector<String> out) throws Exception {
            // Arrays.stream(line.split(" ")).forEach(out :: collect);
            String[] words = line.split(" ");
            for (String word : words) {
                out.collect(word);
            }
        }
    });

    // 方式二：用lambda表达式实现
    SingleOutputStreamOperator<String> dataStream2 = dataSource.flatMap(
            (String line, Collector<String> out) ->
                    Arrays.stream(line.split(" ")).forEach(out::collect))
            .returns(Types.STRING);

    dataStream.print();


    env.execute("FlatMapDemo");
}

结果：将文本切分成多个单词

filter

为每个元素评估一个布尔函数，并保留该函数返回true的布尔函数。筛选出零值的筛选器

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    StreamExecutionEnvironment environment = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
    DataStreamSource<Integer> dataSource = environment.fromElements(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9);

    // 方式一：实现函数
    SingleOutputStreamOperator<Integer> dataStream = dataSource.filter(new FilterFunction<Integer>() {
        @Override
        public boolean filter(Integer value) throws Exception {
            return value % 2 != 0;
        }
    });

    // 方式二：lambda表达式实现
    SingleOutputStreamOperator<Integer> dataStream2 = dataSource.filter(i -> i % 2 != 0);

    dataStream2.print();

    environment.execute("FilterDemo");
}

结果：过滤掉了偶数

keyBy

从逻辑上将流划分为不相交的分区。具有相同键的所有记录都分配给同一分区。在内部，keyBy（）是通过哈希分区实现的。

keyBy使用元组

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
    DataStreamSource<String> dataSource = env.fromElements("spark", "hello", "spark", "flink", "hive", "flink", "hello");

    // 一个单词会变成 (word,1)的形式
    SingleOutputStreamOperator<Tuple2<String, Integer>> dataStream =
            dataSource.map(word -> Tuple2.of(word, 1))
                    .returns(Types.TUPLE(Types.STRING, Types.INT));

    // java的下标是从0开始的，等于根据单词进行归类，等于把相同单词的个数进行统计
    // 两个单词用Tuple2,如果是3个单词一组，可以用Tuple3。。。以此推类
    KeyedStream<Tuple2<String, Integer>, Tuple> dataStream2 = dataStream.keyBy(0);

    dataStream2.print();

    env.execute("KeyByDemo");

}

结果：将单词拼装为根据key进行分组，形成键值对。

keyBy自定义Bean

1.创建一个实体类WordCounts

public class WordCounts {
    private String word;
    private Long counts;
    // 无参、有参。get/set也要

2.代码部分：

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
    DataStreamSource<String> dataSource = env.fromElements("spark", "hello", "spark", "flink", "hive", "flink", "hello");

    SingleOutputStreamOperator<WordCounts> dataStream = dataSource.map(new MapFunction<String, WordCounts>() {
        @Override
        public WordCounts map(String value) throws Exception {
            return  WordCounts.of(value, 1L);
        }
    });

    // 根据word进行分组，这里的名称一定要和Bean当中的属性名称对应，否则报错。
    KeyedStream<WordCounts, Tuple> keyedStream = dataStream.keyBy("word");
    // 根据counts实现聚合，即累加
    SingleOutputStreamOperator<WordCounts> counts = keyedStream.sum("counts");

    counts.print();

    env.execute("KeyByDemo2");

}

keyBy多字段分组

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
    DataStreamSource<String> dataSource = env.fromElements("浙江,杭州,3000", "浙江,杭州,666", "山东,济南,555");

    SingleOutputStreamOperator<Tuple3<String, String, Double>> mapStream = dataSource.map(new MapFunction<String, Tuple3<String, String, Double>>() {
        @Override
        public Tuple3<String, String, Double> map(String line) throws Exception {
            String[] fields = line.split(",");
            String province = fields[0];
            String city = fields[1];
            Double money = Double.parseDouble(fields[2]);
            return Tuple3.of(province, city, money);
        }
    });

    SingleOutputStreamOperator<Tuple3<String, String, Double>> sumStream = mapStream.keyBy(0, 1).sum(2);

    sumStream.print();

    env.execute("KeyByDemo3");

}

结果：

reduce

对键控数据流进行“滚动”压缩。将当前元素与最后一个减少的值合并，并发出新值。

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
    DataStreamSource<String> dataSource = env.fromElements("spark", "hello", "spark", "spark", "hive", "flink", "hello");

    // 一个单词会变成 (word,1)的形式
    SingleOutputStreamOperator<Tuple2<String, Integer>> dataStream =
            dataSource.map(word -> Tuple2.of(word, 1))
                    .returns(Types.TUPLE(Types.STRING, Types.INT));

    // java的下标是从0开始的，等于根据单词进行归类，等于把相同单词的个数进行统计
    // 两个单词用Tuple2,如果是3个单词一组，可以用Tuple3。。。以此推类
    KeyedStream<Tuple2<String, Integer>, Tuple> keyedStream = dataStream.keyBy(0);

    SingleOutputStreamOperator<Tuple2<String, Integer>> reduce = keyedStream.reduce(new ReduceFunction<Tuple2<String, Integer>>() {
        @Override
        public Tuple2<String, Integer> reduce(Tuple2<String, Integer> value1, Tuple2<String, Integer> t1) throws Exception {
            // f0代表第一个字段，f1代表第二个字段
            String key = value1.f0;
            Integer counts1 = value1.f1;
            Integer counts2 = t1.f1;
            // 将结果合并
            return Tuple2.of(key, counts1 + counts2);
        }
    });
    reduce.print();

    env.execute("KeyByDemo");

}

结果：

max/min

在键控数据流上滚动聚合。min和minBy之间的区别在于min返回最小值，而minBy返回在此字段中具有最小值的元素

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();
    DataStreamSource<String> dataSource = env.fromElements("a,1", "a,2","b,10","b,3","b,6");

    SingleOutputStreamOperator<Tuple2<String, Integer>> map = dataSource.map(new MapFunction<String, Tuple2<String, Integer>>() {
        @Override
        public Tuple2<String, Integer> map(String line) throws Exception {
            String[] s = line.split(",");
            String word = s[0];
            int nums = Integer.parseInt(s[1]);
            return Tuple2.of(word, nums);
        }
    });

    SingleOutputStreamOperator<Tuple2<String, Integer>> max = map.keyBy(0).min(1);
    max.print();
    env.execute("MaxMinDemo");
}

结果：每次输出，都会根据第二个字段的最小值来互相比较，然后输出那个最小的
max同理