赖世雄美语从头学初级篇（上）Lesson 009 A Busy Family

I. Reading 阅读

It's a busy day at the Wangs' house. Mr. Wang is fixing his bike. Mrs. Wang is writing a letter. Tina is reading a book. Tony is exercising.
Even the dog is busy. It's chasing a cat. The cat is running for its life.
The Wangs are busy, but they're having fun.
王家今天很忙。王先生在修他的自行车。王太太在写信。蒂娜在看书。托尼在运动。
甚至狗也很忙碌。它在追一只猫。猫在逃命。
王氏一家人很忙，但他们都很愉快。

II. Vocabulary&ldioms 单词短语注解

1. busy [ˈbɪzɪ] a.忙碌的
   例: I am busy with my work.
   (我忙着工作。)
2. day [de] n.日子
3. house [haʊs] n.房子
4. fix [fɪks] vt.修理
   例: My uncle is fixing my broken watch.
   (我叔叔正在修理我坏掉的手表。)
5. bike [baɪk] n.自行车 (= bicycle ['baɪsɪkl])
6. write [raɪt] vt.写
   例: I am writing a letter to my friend.
   (我正在写信给我的朋友。)
7. letter ['lɛtɚ] n. 信
8. read [rid; rɛd] vt. 阅读，看(文章、书等)
   例: My father is reading the newspaper.
   (我的父亲正在看报纸。)
9. book [bʊk] n. 书
10. exercise ['ɛksɚsaɪz] vi. 运动
    例: I exercise in the park every morning.
    (我每天早上都到公园运动。)
11. even ['ivən] adv. 甚至
    例: Even father likes ice cream.
    (甚至连我父亲都喜欢冰淇淋。)
12. chase [tʃes] vt. 追逐
    例: The policeman is chasing the thief.
    (警察在追小偷。)
13. cat [kæt] n. 猫
14. run [rʌn] vi. 跑
15. Iife [laɪf] n. 生命
16. fun [fʌn] n. 乐趣(不可数)

III. Grammar Points 语法重点

本课主要介绍现在进行时的形成及用法，并介绍其他相关的重点。

1. It's a busy day at the Wangs' house.
   (王家今天很忙。)
   a. It's a busy day.
   = It is a busy day.
   (今天是一个忙碌的日子。)
   此处的It是代词，用来代替“今天”、“此刻”。
   常用于"It is+时间名词"的句子结构中。
   例: It's Monday.
   (今天是星期一。)
   What time is it?
   (现在几点了?)
   It's ten o'clock.
   (现在是10点钟。)
   b. at the Wangs' house 在王家的住所
   在上列短语中，at [æt]是介词，表示“在······之
   处”的意思。之后所接的宾语，多为表示家(house)、车站 (station)、邮局 (post office)、杂货店(grocery store)等建筑物的名词。
   例: There are many people at the train station.
   (火车站有好多人。）
   c. the Wangs' house 王家的住所
   the Wangs'是所有格，译成“王氏一家人的”，相当于所有格代词their(他们的)。专有名词(如John、Peter)或表示“人”的普通名词(如my father、the boy)形成所有格时，要在这些专有名词或普通名词之后加“'s”，之后再接名词，即：
   John's book(约翰的书)
   my father's work(我父亲的工作)
   the boy's dog (这个男孩的狗)
   但专有名词或普通名词之后有"s"形成复数时，则表示所有格的符号“'”应置于“s”之后，即
   the Lins' house ( 林家 )
   the boys' father(这些男孩子的父亲)
   故我们应说 “the Wangs' house”，而非“ the Wang's house”。
2. Mr. Wang is fixing his bike.
   (王先生在修他的自行车。)
   Mrs. Wang is writing a letter.
   (王太太在写信。)
   以上两句均属动词时态中现在进行时的句型。这种时态相当于中文“现在正在······”的意思，形成的方式如下
   主词 + am/are/is + 现在分词
   a. 在造例句之前，我们得先谈谈现在分词的形成方式：
   动词原形加-ing→现在分词

1. 绝大部分的动词原形可直接加 -ing即成现在分词，如
   do( 做 )→doing
   teach(教书)一teaching
2. 但若动词原形以不发音的e结尾时，要先删除e，再加-ing，如
   write [raɪt] ( 写 ) → writing
   chase [tʃes] ( 追逐 ) → chasing
   make [mek] ( 制造 ) → making
3. 若动词原形为单音短音节，且以一个辅音字母结尾时，应将该字母双写，再加-ing，如
   run [rʌn] ( 跑 ) → running
   sit [sɪt] ( 坐 ) → sitting
   b. 有了以上了解后、我们现在就可造出下列现在进行时的例子
   例: Mary is writing a letter.
   (玛丽正在写信。)
   They are doing their homework.
   (他们正在做功课。)
   I am running in the yard.
   (我正在院子里跑步。)

3. ...but they're having fun. (·····但他们很愉快。)
   have fun是固定的用语，表示“玩得愉快”、“过得愉快”之意，可不要逐字翻译成“有乐趣”。“...they're having fun.”是现在进行时，照理应译成“他们现在正玩得愉快"，但此处为求译文顺畅，只译成“他们很愉快”即可。
   例: I have fun every day.
   (我每天都过得很愉快。)

IV. Substitution替换

1. Mr. Wang is fixing his bike/ television/ car.
   (王先生在修他的自行车/电视机/车子。)
2. Tina is reading a book/ a magazine/ a newspaper.
   (蒂娜正在看书/杂志/报纸。)
3. Tony is exercising/ jogging/ playing basketball.
   (托尼正在运动/慢跑/打篮球。)

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