The news that a Pakistan girl stood up for education and was nearly killed by the Taliban surprised the whole world.
【 什么是同位语？ 】
一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明，这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。 同位语可以表示其同位成分的全部意义，还可以表示部分意义。
被同位语从句修饰的词往往是抽象的，例如 hope，news，fact，idea，question等等。
There is no question that teenagers need rules.
毫无疑问，青少年需要规则。
Malala, a seventeen-year-old girl, became the youngest person ever to be given a Nobel Peace Prize.
Nobel Peace Prize = 诺贝尔和平奖
【练习】
将下面两句哈合成简洁的一句话。
1. Mark Zuckerberg delivered a speech at Harvard University.
2. He is the founder of Facebook.
【答案】
Mark Zuckerberg, the founder of Facebook, delivered a speech at Harvard University.
【同位语的一般特征】
一般情况下，同位语一般都紧紧跟在被修饰的词后面。
【同位语的分隔】
同位语跟被修饰词也可以被一些词隔开，例如 for example，such as，including等等。
She has won many prizes, including the Nobel Peace Prize.
【同位语从句】
由句子做同位语，是名词性从句的一种。
Lang Lang, a world-class pianist, is such a promising young man.
promising = 有前途的
【同位语从句形式一：that + 句子】
This early success gave his father high hopes that Lang Lang would become a great pianist.
【练习】
用英语表达：我们队赢了比赛的消息太棒了！
“It's great news that our team won the match!”
注意：that不能省略。
【同位语从句形式二：whether + 句子】
Whether he would become a great pianist worried / troubled Lang Lang a lot.
trouble = 使麻烦
a lot = much = 非常
注意：同位语从句中，表示“是否”只能用whether。
【同位语从句形式三：其他引导词 + 句子】
that 和 whether 最常见，例如when, where, who 等
Hawking was exploring the question of where the boundaries of the Universe are.
霍金探索过宇宙的边界。
The news that a Pakistan girl stood up for education and was nearly killed by the Taliban surprised the whole world.
一则巴基斯坦女孩为教育权利发声而差点被塔利班杀害的消息震惊了全世界。
【作业】
尝试用本节课所学的同位语和同位语从句来表达下面这段话：
1. 一则小女孩获得诺贝尔和平奖的新闻震惊了全世界。
The news that a girl won the Nobel Peace Prize surprised the whole world.
2. 17岁巴基斯坦少女马拉拉为妇女和儿童教育发声而差点被塔利班杀害。
Malala, a seventeen-year-old girl, was nearly killed by the Taliban because of the declaration for women and children education.
3. 幸运地是，她活了下来，并继续关心一些儿童是否能上学的问题。
Luckily, she survived and continued to care about the question whether some children could go to school.