HDLC和PPP原理
串口封装协议:
HDLC
配置：
interface Serial1/0/0
link-protocol hdlc -------------默认为PPP，修改为HDLC
PPP ----------点到点的协议
两个组成：
LCP ----------------链路控制协议（各种链路层的协商）
LCP参数协商
MRU
认证
魔术字
LCP四个报文
Request
Ack
Nak
Reject
NCP-----------------网络控制协议（IPV4 V6 IPX APPLETALK）
配置PPP
[AR1-Serial1/0/0]link-protocol ppp
Warning: The encapsulation protocol of the link will be changed. Continue? [Y/N]:Y
检查：
[AR1]display interface Serial1/0/0
Serial1/0/0 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : DOWN
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Serial1/0/0 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500, Hold timer is 10(sec)
Internet Address is 12.1.1.1/24
Link layer protocol is PPP
LCP opened, IPCP opened
Last physical up time : 2019-08-06 21:05:26 UTC-08:00
Last physical down time : 2019-08-06 21:05:25 UTC-08:00
Current system time: 2019-08-06 21:05:49-08:00
Physical layer is synchronous, Virtualbaudrate is 64000 bps
Interface is DTE, Cable type is V11, Clock mode is TC
Last 300 seconds input rate 4 bytes/sec 32 bits/sec 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 2 bytes/sec 16 bits/sec 0 packets/sec
PPP认证：
PAP认证 -------------密码认证协议
二次握手，明文认证
单向认证配置思路：
认证方:
第一步：配置数据库------给被认证方使用
aaa
local-user huawei password cipher huawei---------------------定义用户名和密码
local-user huawei service-type ppp -----------------------------开启PPP协议
第二步：接口开启PPP PAP认证
interface Serial1/0/0
link-protocol ppp ---------------------前提条件，必须是PPP封装
ppp authentication-mode pap ----------开启PPP认证
如果被认证没有配置PPP认证，报错如下：
Aug 6 2019 21:15:12-08:00 AR1 %%01PPP/4/RESULTERR(l)[6]:On the interface Serial
1/0/0, LCP negotiation failed because the result cannot be accepted.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
被认证方：
interface Serial1/0/0
link-protocol ppp
ppp pap local-user huawei password simple huawei -----------发送用户名和密码到认证方
CHAP认证 ------------挑战握手认证协议
三次握手，MD5认证
单向认证配置思路：
认证方:
第一步：配置数据库------给被认证方使用
aaa
local-user huawei password cipher huawei---------------------定义用户名和密码
local-user huawei service-type ppp -----------------------------开启PPP协议
第二步：接口开启PPP PAP认证
interface Serial1/0/0
link-protocol ppp ---------------------前提条件，必须是PPP封装
ppp authentication-mode chap ----------开启PPP认证
被认证方：
interface Serial1/0/0
link-protocol ppp
ppp chap user huawei -----------发送用户名给认证方
ppp chap password simple huawei -----发送密码给认证方
PPPOE （PPP Over Ethernet ）
工作原理：
两个阶段：
1.发现阶段
2.会话阶段
配置思路;
PPPOE服务端(不需要配置）
第一步：配置DHCP地址池
ip pool DHCP
gateway-list 172.16.1.1
network 172.16.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
第二步：配置数据库（AAA）
aaa
local-user huawei password cipher %$%$bom7Uph7"$epS$*lH/eH62Os%$%$
local-user huawei service-type ppp
第三步：创建虚模板
interface Virtual-Template1
ppp authentication-mode chap
remote address pool DHCP
ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
第四步：物理接口调用
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
pppoe-server bind Virtual-Template 1
------------------------------------------------
客户端采用路由器
第一步: 配置拨号规则
dialer-rule
dialer-rule 1 ip permit
第二步：创建拨号接口
interface Dialer1
link-protocol ppp
ppp chap user 02554208366 ------------------------------ PPP CHAP认证
ppp chap password cipher 123456
ip address ppp-negotiate ----------------IP是协商的
dialer user test ------------------------拨号用户名称
dialer bundle 1 ------------------------拨号绑定
第三步：物理接口调用
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
pppoe-client dial-bundle-number 1
第四步：检查
[AR2]display interface Dialer 1
Dialer1 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP (spoofing)
Description:HUAWEI, AR Series, Dialer1 Interface
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500, Hold timer is 10(sec)
Internet Address is negotiated, 172.16.1.254/32
Link layer protocol is PPP
LCP initial
Physical is Dialer
Current system time: 2019-08-08 20:25:07-08:00
Last 300 seconds input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Realtime 0 seconds input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Realtime 0 seconds output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input: 0 bytes
Output:0 bytes
Input bandwidth utilization : 0%
Output bandwidth utilization : 0%
Bound to Dialer1:0:
Dialer1:0 current state : UP ,
Line protocol current state : UP
Link layer protocol is PPP
LCP opened, IPCP opened
Packets statistics:
Input packets:0, 0 bytes
Output packets:0, 0 bytes
FCS error packets:0
Address error packets:0
Control field control error packets:0
[AR2]display pppoe-client session summary
PPPoE Client Session:
ID Bundle Dialer Intf Client-MAC Server-MAC State
1 1 1 GE0/0/0 00e0fc7f4716 00e0fc985844 UP
[AR2]
[AR2]display ip int brief
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 3
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 2
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 2
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 3
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
Dialer1 172.16.1.254/32 up up(s)
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 unassigned up down
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 unassigned down down
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 unassigned down down
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
[AR2] e