URL：https://www.wired.com/story/mastermind-cia-disguise/
published：12/8/2018 1:38:19 AM
DESPITE HOW EASY it looks in James Bond movies and heist flicks, good disguises are hard to pull off. A good wig and some makeup don't make you a new person—full transformation requires a full attitude adjustment. Just ask any contestant on RuPaul's Drag Race. And when you're a spy for the Central Intelligence Agency, being able to execute a perfect disguise can be a matter of life and death. Just ask Jonna Mendez.
007电影和大盗电影中的乔装打扮看起来再简单，真正的好伪装还是很难实现的。品质优良的假发和出众的化妆技术并不能使你变成另一个人——华丽大变身需要全面的姿态调整。看看《鲁保罗变装皇后秀》就知道了。而当你是美国中央情报局(CIA)间谍的时候，能不能完美伪装就是个要么生要么死的问题了。CIA技术执行官&伪装主管 Jonna Mendez 会告诉你这里面的技术含量。
"One of our officers, probably working out of the American embassy, would have surveillance 24 hours a day; they'd have teams of people following them," says Mendez, who spent years as the CIA's disguise chief. "But they had work to do; they had to communicate with people, clandestinely. The extremes we would go to to disguise those people was the most interesting, and the most challenging, part of the job."
Mendez称：“美国领事馆外工作的特工可能会被24小时监视，随时都有一队人跟在他们身后。但他们有自己的工作要完成，必须秘密与人接触。我们对这些人的伪装极限就是这份工作中最有趣、最具挑战性的部分了。”
So what does the agency do to protect its assets in the field? A lot of it, Mendez says, involves hiding a person's tell-tale features. If they have straight hair, make it curly. If they're young, give them a few streaks of gray. It also helps to change the way they walk or talk by putting a brace on their leg or an "artificial palate" in their mouth. Americans have a certain way of standing—weight on one foot or the other—and if they're trying to pass themselves off as European, it helps if they stand squarely on both feet. Good disguises, Mendez says, are almost always "additive;" you can make someone taller, heavier, or older, but "we can't go the other direction."
于是，CIA做了什么来保护他们的外勤人员呢？很多，包括隐藏住一个人最显著的特征。如果是直发，那就烫卷。如果很年轻，来点儿奶奶灰。通过在腿上装支架或在嘴里安上人工颚来改变他们的步态或说话方式也很有用。美国人的站立姿势很有特点，重心经常放在单腿上。如果他们想要伪装成欧洲人，那最好把重心摆正，均匀分布在双脚上。好的伪装基本上总是在做加法，你可以让人变高、变胖或变老，但变矮、变瘦或变年轻就几乎不可能了。
The CIA can also give a person the ability to do a "quick change." If someone knows they'll be trying to shake a tail, they can change their look as they move through busy sidewalks. Add a hat, change a shirt, add sunglasses, and—if it's done right—it'll look like someone has disappeared.
CIA还能教人如何快速变装。如果某人知道自己要甩掉跟梢的尾巴，他们可以在穿过人潮涌动的人行道时改变自己的形貌。戴顶帽子，换件衬衫，架副眼镜——只要做得恰当，看起来就好像某人消失掉了一样。
"You want to be the person that gets on the elevator, and then gets off, and nobody really remembers that you were even there," says Mendez, whose husband, Tony Mendez, was the subject of the 2007 WIRED story that became the movie Argo. "That is a design goal at the disguise labs at CIA."
“登上电梯再下来，没人真正记得你曾经到过那儿。”
Mendez的丈夫 Tony Mendez 就是电影《逃离德黑兰》的蓝本——《连线》杂志2007年一篇文章的主角。
“CIA伪装实验室的设计目的就是要让特工大隐隐于市。”