Notes || On Writing Well （Chap.10）

2017年11月6日 英文原版书 阅读笔记

所读书籍：On Writing Well by William Zinsser

章节：

Part 2 | Methods

10. Bits & Pieces（上）

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读书笔记 - 结构：

第一部分：字词学习。

第二部分：导图大纲。

第三部分：中文感悟。

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Words and Expressions

1. Bits and pieces

【义】零碎东西；（又，东拼西凑得来的东西）

2. morsel

This is a chapter of scraps and morsels — small admonitions on many points that I have collected under one, as they say, umbrella.

【义】A morsel is a very small amount of something, especially a very small piece of food.  点滴

- umbrella：概括词/伞形结构。

3. sap

A style that consists of passive constructions will sap the reader's energy.

【义】

1.  energy; vigour    精力 n.

2. n. 傻瓜，容易上当的人（非正式）

3. to make something weaker or destroy it, especially someone's strength or their determination to do something （逐渐） 削弱， 消耗（尤力量或决心）v.

4. perpetrated

Nobody ever quite knows what is being perpetrated by whom and on whom.

【义】 to do something that is morally wrong or illegal 做（错事）；（犯罪）（正式）

5. spartan

【义】

1. A spartan lifestyle or existence is very simple or strict, with no luxuries. 简朴的。

2. 斯巴达的，斯巴达式的；斯巴达人

6. gnarled  (nɑːʳld）

Not every oak has to be gnarled.

【义】

1. a gnarled tree or branch is rough and twisted with hard lumps（肿块）.（树或树枝）粗糙多节的，长满树瘤的

2. gnarled hands or fingers are twisted, rough, and difficult to move, usually because they are old. （手或手指）粗糙的，长满老茧的，关节扭曲的。

【例】... gnarled old men 

Parnassus

【义】诗坛，文坛，帕纳塞斯山

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导图大纲

10. Bits and Pieces

感悟 - Thoughts || Good writing is lean and confident.

- 这一章中，确实如作者所说，谈论了各种零碎的点，把大多数我等写作上的初学没注意过的问题都说了一遍。原则依旧不变：简朴，精确。

- Good writing is lean and confident. 

- 作者提出：Most adverbs/adjectives are unnecessary. 比如作者在文中提出的反例：slightly spartan，我认为（虽然是仅以我的水平）在汉语文写作中，很少会出现这样的事，但作者的主旨很明确：避免文章冗长、用词反复。

WRITING IS NOT A CONTEST.

- Every writer is starting from a different point and is bound for a different destination.

- Forget the competition and go at your own pace.Your only contest is with yourself.

- 写作不是比赛。你不需“赢过别人”。你真正的对手只有你自己。（要从应试思维中跳出来。）