柳叶刀：幽门螺杆菌是中国胃癌的罪魁祸首，记住3点教你彻底根除
The Lancet: Helicobacter pylori is the leading cause of gastric cancer in China. Remember 3 tips to eradicate it completely
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39健康网 39 health network
2021-12-14 12:46 The 2021-12-14 31
“医生，求求你，救救他，他才31岁啊，我们年底就要结婚了。”手术室门口，一位女孩跪在医生面前，嘶哑的声音传递着她的悲痛。
她名叫小梦（化名），手术室里是她的未婚夫，他们的婚礼计划在今年年底举行。前一天两人还在畅想美好的婚后生活，这一刻未婚夫却生命垂危……
Her name is Xiao Meng (not her real name) and in the operating room is her fiance, whose wedding is planned for later this year. The day before two people are still imagining a beautiful married life, this moment fiance is dying...
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2020年初，年过30的小梦在父母的催婚下，心不甘情不愿地参加了媒婆安排的相亲。奇妙的是，就是这场相亲，小梦遇见了真爱。
At the beginning of 2020, xiao Meng, who is over 30, reluctantly attended a matchmaker's blind date, urged by her parents to get married. Strangely, it was this blind date that Xiao Meng met his true love.
相亲对象不是传说中的地中海，油腻大叔，而是一个年轻有为的帅气小伙。两人性格相符，三观相似，感情迅速升温，年底准备结婚。
The blind date is not the legendary Mediterranean, greasy uncle, but a young and promising handsome guy. Two people disposition accords with, three views are similar, affection heats up rapidly, prepare to marry at the end of the year.
男友各方面条件都挺不错，可是，他有一个小问题让小梦十分苦恼。小梦不愿意跟男友近距离说话，因为男友的口臭让她实在难以忍受。小梦想过让男友去医院检查。但是，这样尴尬的问题，她不懂如何开口，更怕说出来会影响两人的感情。
Boyfriend all aspects of the conditions are pretty good, but he has a small problem let small dream very distressed. Xiao Meng is not willing to talk to her boyfriend closely, because her boyfriend's bad breath makes her unbearable. Little dreamed of letting her boyfriend go to the hospital for an examination. However, such an embarrassing problem, she does not know how to open, more afraid of speaking out will affect the feelings of two people.
纠结之下，小梦还是硬着头皮跟男友说明自己的想法。出乎意料的是，男友并没有不开心，而是立马去医院做检查。检查结果显示，男友的幽门螺杆菌阳性。
Tangled under, small dream or hard to explain their own ideas with her boyfriend. To his surprise, the boyfriend was not upset, but immediately went to the hospital for a check-up. Tests showed that her boyfriend was positive for Helicobacter pylori.
男友的妈妈知道后，向一位“大师”求得一个药到病除的“偏方”。 偏方说大蒜杀菌效果强，还能抑制幽门螺杆菌的生长。
After the boyfriend's mother knows, to a "master" get a medicine to get rid of the "folk prescription". Folk prescription says garlic sterilization effect is strong, but also can inhibit the growth of Helicobacter pylori.
为了赶紧解决口臭问题，之后男友顿顿不离大蒜。就这样吃了差不多三个月，突然有一天，他感觉腹部开始隐隐作痛，当时并没有很在意。谁知，第二天腹部越发疼痛，下床都艰难。
In order to quickly solve the problem of bad breath, he would not eat without garlic. After eating like this for about three months, he suddenly felt a dull pain in his abdomen and didn't pay much attention to it. Who knows, the next day abdominal pain, difficult to get out of bed.
小梦立马拨打120，送医检查后，医生无奈的摇摇头说：“晚了，是胃癌。”
Small dream immediately dial 120, sent to the doctor after examination, the doctor helplessly shook his head said: "late, is stomach cancer."
原来，顿顿大蒜不仅没能抑制幽门螺杆菌的生长，反而伤害到胃。起前检查出感染幽门螺杆菌，却没有及时治疗，现在病情恶化，已经转化为胃癌，一场悲剧由此产生。
It turns out that instead of suppressing the growth of helicobacter pylori, garlic in the day and night can actually harm the stomach. Before the examination of helicobacter pylori infection, but no timely treatment, now the deterioration of the condition, has been transformed into gastric cancer, a tragedy from this.
幽门螺杆菌是生存在胃里的一种微生物。1994年，世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构把幽门螺杆菌列入一类致癌物。幽门螺杆菌可以通过口、手、水源、粪便等进行传播，感染幽门螺杆菌可能会增加罹患胃癌的风险。
Helicobacter pylori is a microbe that lives in the stomach. In 1994, the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer classified Helicobacter pylori as a class 1 carcinogen. Infection with helicobacter pylori, which can be spread by mouth, hands, water and feces, may increase the risk of stomach cancer.
一、幽门螺杆菌为何偏爱中国人？ 1. Why helicobacter pylori prefers Chinese people?
中华医学会发布的《第五次全国幽门螺杆菌感染处理共识报告》数据显示，我国幽门螺杆菌的感染率约50%。
Data from the Fifth Consensus report on the Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection released by the Chinese Medical Association show that the infection rate of Helicobacter pylori in China is about 50%.
《柳叶刀》杂志于11月底发表的一项研究指出，中国确诊的胃癌病例中，约有34万胃癌新发和幽门螺杆菌感染相关，幽门螺杆菌慢慢成为了胃癌的“元凶”。
According to a study published in the Lancet in late November, about 340,000 new cases of stomach cancer in China are linked to helicobacter pylori infection, a bacterium that has emerged as the leading cause of the disease.
为何我国幽门螺杆菌的感染率如此之高？究其原因，是因为中国人的饮食习惯。
Why is the infection rate of Helicobacter pylori so high in China? The reason is Chinese people's eating habits.
众所周知，中国人喜欢团圆，家庭成员同吃同住是普遍现象。全家人不分餐，共用碗筷、餐具，甚至有些老人，还会把食物嚼碎再喂给孩子。正是这些不起眼的生活习惯，加大了幽门螺杆菌的传染风险，导致我国幽门螺杆菌感染率远远高于其他发达国家。
As is known to all, Chinese people like reunion, and it is common for family members to eat and live together. The whole family does not eat separately, sharing bowls, chopsticks, tableware, and even some old people will chew the food and then feed it to the children. It is these humble habits that increase the risk of helicobacter pylori infection, leading to helicobacter pylori infection rate in China is much higher than other developed countries.
二、出现这4类症状，小心幽门螺杆菌找上门 Two, appear these 4 kinds of symptoms, be careful helicobacter pylori come to the door
幽门螺杆菌感染后，患者可能会出现胃痛、胃胀、恶心、反酸、消化不良等不适。出现这4类症状，小心幽门螺杆菌找上门：
After helicobacter pylori infection, patients may have stomach pain, stomach distension, nausea, acid reflux, indigestion and other discomfort. There are four types of symptoms, beware of Helicobacter pylori door:
1.疼痛：患者胃部出现绞痛、烧灼痛，或伴烧心，反酸等症状，部分患者进食后有食物刺激痛。
1. Pain: Patients have stomach colic, burning pain, or heartburn, acid reflux and other symptoms. Some patients have food irritation and pain after eating.
2.腹胀：患者经常感觉腹部不适，即使颗粒未进也会有腹胀感。
2. Abdominal distension: Patients often feel abdominal discomfort, even if the particles have not entered, there will be abdominal distension.
3.打嗝：患者频繁打嗝、嗳气，这也是胃动力不足的表现。
3. Hiccups: Patients frequently belch and belch, which is also a manifestation of insufficient gastric motility.
4.食欲不振：患者缺乏食欲，没有胃口，并常伴有消化不良的症状。
4. Anorexia: Loss of appetite, often accompanied by indigestion.
如若出现以上症状，一定要及时就医，检测是否为幽门螺杆菌感染。早发现，早治疗是治病的关键，万不可一拖再拖，导致幽门螺杆菌向胃癌恶化。
If the above symptoms occur, we must seek medical treatment in time to detect whether helicobacter pylori infection. Early detection, early treatment is the key to treatment, do not delay, leading to the deterioration of Helicobacter pylori to gastric cancer.
三、哪些人需要根治幽门螺旋杆菌？ Three, which people need to cure helicobacter pylori?
如果不幸感染了幽门螺杆菌也不必过于惊慌，并非所有感染者都需要进行治疗，有些抵抗力强的人可以和幽门螺杆菌和平共处。
If unfortunately infected with HELICobacter pylori do not need to be too alarmed, not all infected people need to be treated, some people with strong resistance can peacefully coexist with helicobacter pylori.
那么，哪些人需要做根除治疗呢？北京中医医院临床流行病学与循证医学中心主任李博给出提醒，以下这四类人要做根除治疗：
So, who needs eradication? Li Bo, director of the Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine at The Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, reminds four groups of people to get eradication treatment:
1.患有消化性溃疡(胃溃疡、十二指肠溃疡)的患者;
1. Patients with peptic ulcer (gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer);
2.早期胃癌术后患者;
2. Postoperative patients with early gastric cancer;
3.胃MALT淋巴瘤患者;
3. Patients with gastric MALT lymphoma;
4.慢性胃炎(伴黏膜萎缩或糜烂)患者。
4. Patients with chronic gastritis (with mucosal atrophy or erosion).
四、3个办法彻底根除幽门螺杆菌 Four, three ways to completely eradicate Helicobacter pylori
海军军医大学长海医院消化内科副主任杜奕奇教授表示：“胃癌在全球癌症发病率和死亡率中居前5位，在我国每年癌症新发病例中，胃癌人数排名第二，胃癌预防迫在眉睫。”
Du Yiqi, deputy director of the Department of gastroenterology at Changhai Hospital of Naval Military Medical University, said, "Stomach cancer is among the top five cancers worldwide in terms of morbidity and mortality, and ranks second in the number of new cancer cases in China each year. Prevention of stomach cancer is urgent."
预防胃癌从根除幽门螺杆菌开始。目前，临床上对于根除幽门螺杆菌主要有三个措施：
The prevention of gastric cancer starts with the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. At present, there are three main clinical measures to eradicate Helicobacter pylori:
1、四联疗法 1. Quadruple therapy
幽门螺杆菌感染，目前主要是采取四联疗法进行治疗。即一种抑制胃酸药物+一种胃黏膜保护剂+两种以上抗生素。治疗期间用药种类较多，患者必须严格遵从医嘱，按时按量服用，如出现胃部不适，需立刻向医生反馈。
Helicobacter pylori infection is mainly treated by quadruple therapy. That is, a drug to inhibit gastric acid + a protective agent for gastric mucosa + more than two antibiotics. During the treatment, there are many kinds of drugs, patients must strictly follow the doctor's advice, take on time and in accordance with the amount, if stomach discomfort, need to immediately report to the doctor.
2、及时复查 2, timely review
患者在停药后，需在医生规定的复查时间内及时复查，了解治疗动态，确认治疗效果。不可主观臆断，判断自己的病情。
After drug withdrawal, patients should be reexamined in time within the review time prescribed by the doctor to understand the treatment dynamics and confirm the treatment effect. Don't judge your own condition subjectively.
3、预防再次感染 3. Prevent re-infection
根除治疗后的患者要加倍小心，预防再次感染。
Extra care should be taken after eradication to prevent re-infection.
在生活中，饭前便后要洗手;避免接触被污染的水源；尽量做到分餐制、给他人夹菜时使用公筷；拒绝卫生质量没保障的路边摊等等。
In life, wash your hands before eating and after using the toilet; Avoid contact with contaminated water sources; Try to eat separately and use chopsticks when serving food to others. Refuse street stalls with poor hygiene and quality.
如若有家人确诊已经感染幽门螺杆菌，那么一定要使用专门的个人餐具，不要与家人混用，以防餐具交叉使用，相互感染。
If a family member has been diagnosed with HELICobacter pylori infection, then must use special personal tableware, do not mix with family, in case tableware cross use, mutual infection.
幽门螺杆菌，一人感染，全家遭殃。保护自己，保护家人，从注意饮食卫生和个人卫生做起，积极防范胃癌，避免“菌从口入”。
Helicobacter pylori. One person, whole family. To protect yourself and your family, start from paying attention to food hygiene and personal hygiene, actively prevent stomach cancer, and avoid "bacteria entering from the mouth".
[1]我国约50%的人感染幽门螺杆菌，出现这四类症状或是感染.健康时报. 2020-07-13
[1] About 50% of the people in China infected with Helicobacter pylori, these four types of symptoms or infection. Health Times. 2020-07-13
[2]张宝华.哪些人需要根治幽门螺旋杆菌[J].家庭医学：下半月，2019：56-56.
[2] Zhang B H. Who needs radical treatment for Helicobacter pylori [J]. Family Medicine: second half of 2019:56-56. (in Chinese)
[3] 一半国人感染幽门螺杆菌. 健康时报. 2020-07-10
[3] Half of the country is infected with Helicobacter pylori. Health Times. 2020-07-10
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