基于kubernetes+docker+jenkins的DevOps实践
之前自己的项目开发就搭了个cicd的环境,那时候是在本就小的可怜的服务器上搭了一套 jenkins + docker registry + docker
见之前的笔记 docker学习下面
总的差不多这样:
之后对kubernetes
的接触后,就在之前的基础上加入kubernetes
,其实也就是在服务器拉取镜像docker run
的时候改变为通知kubernetes
的apiServer
对提前配置好的项目配置文件xx.yaml
进行更新kubectl appply -f xx.yaml
,它会对配置里的镜像拉取在多个pod
里运行,当然还需要对应的service
,如果需要暴露给外部还可以添个ingress
。
一个小服务器加本地一个闲置从机撑进去这么多东西很显然爆了,于是把jenkins , docker registry
拆出来,用上了公共的ali云服务CodePipeline,容器镜像服务
。
这里记录一下。
docker搭建
kubernetes搭建
之前写的kubernetes学习下面有
使用ali云CodePipeline替代jenkins创建任务
配置->项目名称:最好为github上代码的demo项目名称,这里以bootshiro为例
配置->源码管理->Git:URL为github上的项目clone url,下面默认master分支
配置->构建触发器->填写代码分支:eg:master 点击生成触发器地址留下备用(github webhook配置会用到)
配置->构建项目类型可选maven项目 node python等(按自己需求改编译打包册测试脚本)
eg: maven项目 编译打包: mvn package -B -DskipTests 用例测试: mvn test
配置->镜像构建和发布: 这里使用ali云的免费docker镜像仓库
镜像版本号最好用jenkins环境变量标记,registry地址证书等就是自己开通的ali云registry地址和账户,docker路径是相对于当前代码仓库的Dcokerfile文件路径,用这个Dockefile文件来生成镜像。
eg: bootshiro的Dockefile
#VERSION 1.1.0
#基础镜像为openjdk:12-alpine
FROM openjdk:12-alpine
#签名
MAINTAINER tomsun28 "[email protected]"
RUN rm -rf /opt/running/bootshiro*
ADD ./target/bootshiro.jar /opt/running/bootshiro.jar
EXPOSE 8080
WORKDIR /opt/running/
CMD ["java", "-jar", "bootshiro.jar","--spring.profiles.active=prod"]
配置->部署Kubernetes(新): 这里配置对搭建好的k8s环境的apiServer连接,之后好使用apiServer对kubernetes操作
认证方式:选择认证证书
API服务器地址:为apiServer通讯地址
证书:使用docker授权模式,客户端Key(key.pem)和客户端证书(cert.pem)在/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf,服务端CA证书(ca.pem)在/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt
部署配置文件:为k8s部署这个项目的配置文件位置,也是以当前项目代码仓库为相对路径,eg :bootshiro.yaml
# ----------------------bootshiro--------------------- #
# ------bootshiro deployment------ #
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
metadata:
name: bootshiro-deployment
labels:
app: bootshiro
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: bootshiro
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: bootshiro
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/tomsun28/bootshiro:${BUILD_NUMBER}
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
---
# -------nginx-service--------- #
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: bootshiro-service
spec:
# type: NodePort
ports:
- name: server
port: 8080
targetPort: 8080
selector:
app: bootshiro
# !----------------------bootshiro--------------------- #
这里配置部署文件创建了一个pod实例,创建了与其想对应的service在集群内部暴露服务。
如果部署的应用需要对集群外提供服务,这里还要创建对应的暴露服务的方式,如ingress, nodeport等
-
- -
到此cicd就差不多了,我们开发代码push到github仓库上,跟着DevOps流程走,最后项目就会自己运行到kubernetes集群里面了,pod挂了或者从机挂了,k8s会重新启保证设定数量的pod。
使用ingress对集群外暴露服务
这里使用的是traefik-ingress
,在kubernetes中部署traefik有官方部署手册,基本按着走一遍就能部署上去了。
整合部署的traefik.yaml:
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: traefik-ingress-controller
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- services
- endpoints
- secrets
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- extensions
resources:
- ingresses
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
name: traefik-ingress-controller
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: traefik-ingress-controller
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: traefik-ingress-controller
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: traefik-ingress-controller
namespace: kube-system
---
kind: DaemonSet
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
metadata:
name: traefik-ingress-controller
namespace: kube-system
labels:
k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
spec:
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
name: traefik-ingress-lb
spec:
serviceAccountName: traefik-ingress-controller
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 60
containers:
- image: traefik
name: traefik-ingress-lb
ports:
- name: http
containerPort: 80
hostPort: 80
- name: admin
containerPort: 8080
securityContext:
capabilities:
drop:
- ALL
add:
- NET_BIND_SERVICE
args:
- --api
- --kubernetes
- --logLevel=INFO
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: traefik-web-ui
namespace: kube-system
spec:
selector:
k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
ports:
- name: web
port: 80
targetPort: 8080
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: traefik-web-ui
namespace: kube-system
annotations:
kubernetes.io/ingress.class: traefik
traefik.frontend.rule.type: PathPrefixStrip
spec:
rules:
- host: tom.usthe.com
http:
paths:
- path: /ingress
backend:
serviceName: traefik-web-ui
servicePort: web
使用traefik来暴露service
:
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: chess
namespace: default
annotations:
kubernetes.io/ingress.class: traefik
traefik.frontend.rule.type: PathPrefixStrip
spec:
rules:
- host: tom.usthe.com
http:
paths:
- path: /usthe
backend:
serviceName: usthe-service
servicePort: http
- path: /nginx
backend:
serviceName: nginx
servicePort: http
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