2019-5-20能力受限

天然气输气管道由于具有易燃易爆、高能高压、有毒有害、连续作业、点多线长、环境复杂等特点，其安全问题备受社会的广泛关注，加强对天然气管道的危险性分析，找出重大危险源，并采取相应的安全对策，是解决天然气长输管道安全问题的根本之道。

本文首先简要阐述了油气管道风险管理的国内外研究现状、内容、实质及风险管理的过程。其次，介绍了目前常用的几种风险评价方法，详细介绍了专家评分法的原理、用评分法评价在役输气管道风险的评价流程。再次，为了构建比较完善和符合实际的靖西二线输气管道风险评价体系，对靖西二线工程概况及风险现状作了介绍和分析，结合采用专家评分法对其进行了系统和全面的失效因素分析，建立了风险评价模型。以国际通行的打分法为基础，结合靖西二线长输管道实际情况，分别对输气管道和输气站场作出了风险评价。同时，针对风险评价过程中所识别到的主要威胁因素，制定了相应的风险缓解措施，为改善在役输气管道的运行工作环境提供了依据。最后，在以上几个方面的研究工作基础上，针对靖西二线输气管道和输气站场提出了风险防范对策。

关键词: 输气管道  风险管理 风险评价  防范对策

Abstract

The safety of natural gas pipeline attracts extensive concern from the public due to such properties as inflammability and explosiveness, high power and high voltage, toxicity and harmfulness, continuous operations, long pipeline with many stations and complicated environment. Therefore, the fundamental solution to the safety issue of transportation natural gas by long pipeline is to analyze the risk of pipeline and find out the major source of risk and take applicable security actions.

The thesis consists of the followings: 1) briefly states the current research status, content and nature of the pipeline risk management as well as its process from perspective of domestic and abroad; 2) describes several general used evaluation methods for risk management and  the principles of expert scoring method and the scoring procedures in detail; 3) in order to establish a good and practicable pipeline risk evaluation system for Jingbian - Xi'an second-line natural gas pipeline project, describes and analyzes the profile and risk of the project, establishes a risk evaluation model after a failure effect analysis by adopting the expert scoring method Meanwhile, based on the international scoring method and the actual status of Jingbian - Xi'an second-line project, presents a risk evaluation respectively for the gas pipeline and gas station and establish the applicable mitigation actions for the identified risks, which provides a base to improve the working condition of the transportation pipeline in service; 4) based on the above research, presents a risk-prevention measure for the gas pipeline and stations of Jingbian - Xi'an second-line project.

Key words: pipeline, risk management, risk evaluation, risk prevention measure