稀疏矩阵

#include

#include

#define ok 1

#define error 0

#define MAXSIZE 100 

typedef int ElemType;

typedef struct

{

int col, row;            // 行下标,列下标 

ElemType value;        // 非零元素值 

}Term;

typedef struct

{

Term table[MAXSIZE + 1];    // 非零元三元组表,table[0]未用 

int m, n, t;              // 矩阵的行数、列数和非零元个数 

}SparseMatrix;

// 创建稀疏矩阵M 

int CreateSparseMatrix(SparseMatrix *M)

{

int i, m, n;

ElemType e;

int k;

printf("请输入矩阵的行数, 列数, 非零元素个数:(以逗号隔开)\n");

scanf("%d,%d,%d", &(*M).m, &(*M).n, &(*M).t);

(*M).table[0].col = 0; // 输出稀疏矩阵M 

for (i = 1; i <= (*M).t; i++)

{

do

{

printf("请按行序输入第 %d 个非零元素的行( 1 ~ %d )," "列 ( 1 ~ %d ),元素值:(以逗号隔开)\n", i, (*M).m, (*M).n);

scanf("%d,%d,%d", &m, &n, &e);

k = 0;

// 输出稀疏矩阵M 

if (m < 1 || m >(*M).m || n < 1 || n >(*M).n)

k = ok;

// 输出稀疏矩阵M 

if (m < (*M).table[i - 1].col || m == (*M).table[i - 1].col && n <= (*M).table[i - 1].row)

k = ok;

} while (k);

(*M).table[i].col = m; //行下标 

(*M).table[i].row = n; //列下标 

(*M).table[i].value = e; //该下标所对应的值 

}

return ok;

}

// 销毁稀疏矩阵M,所有元素置空 

void DestroySparseMatrix(SparseMatrix *M)

{

(*M).m = 0;

(*M).n = 0;

(*M).t = 0;

}

// 输出稀疏矩阵M 三元组表

void OutputSparseMatrix(SparseMatrix M)

{

int i;

printf("\n %d 行, %d 列, %d 个非零元素。\n", M.m, M.n, M.t);

printf("======================\n");

printf("%4s %4s %8s\n", "i", "j", "e");

printf("======================\n");

for (i = 1; i <= M.t; i++)

printf("%4d %4d %8d\n", M.table[i].col, M.table[i].row, M.table[i].value);

printf("======================\n");

}

// 输出稀疏矩阵M 

void  outSparseMatrix(SparseMatrix M)

{

printf("======================\n");

int i = 1;

for (int j = 1; j <= M.m; j++){          //行

for (int k = 1; k <= M.n; k++){        //列

if (j == M.table[i].col&&k == M.table[i].row){

printf("%4d", M.table[i].value);

i++;

if (k == M.n)

printf("\n");

}

else if (k == M.n){

printf("%4d", error);

printf("\n");

}

else

printf("%4d", error);

}

}

printf("======================\n");

}

//稀疏矩阵的转置 

int transposeSparseMatrix(SparseMatrix M, SparseMatrix *T)

{

int p, q, col;

(*T).m = M.n;

(*T).n = M.m;

(*T).t = M.t;

if ((*T).t)

{

q = 1;

for (col = 1; col <= M.n; ++col)  //先将列转换成行 

for (p = 1; p <= M.t; ++p) //再将行转换成列 

if (M.table[p].row == col)

{

(*T).table[q].col = M.table[p].row;

(*T).table[q].row = M.table[p].col;

(*T).table[q].value = M.table[p].value;

++q;

}

}

return ok;

}

//快速求稀疏矩阵M的转置矩阵 

int FasttransposeSMatrix(SparseMatrix M, SparseMatrix *T)

{

int p, q, t, col, *num, *cpot;

num = (int *)malloc((M.n + 1)*sizeof(int));    // 生成数组([0]不用) 

cpot = (int *)malloc((M.n + 1)*sizeof(int));  // 生成数组([0]不用) 

(*T).m = M.n;

(*T).n = M.m;

(*T).t = M.t;

if ((*T).t)

{

for (col = 1; col <= M.n; ++col)

num[col] = 0; // 设初值 

for (t = 1; t <= M.t; ++t) // 求M中每一列含非零元素个数 

++num[M.table[t].row];

cpot[1] = 1;

//求第col列中第一个非零元在(*T).data中的序号 

for (col = 2; col <= M.n; ++col)

cpot[col] = cpot[col - 1] + num[col - 1];

for (p = 1; p <= M.t; ++p)

{

col = M.table[p].row;

q = cpot[col];

(*T).table[q].col = M.table[p].row;

(*T).table[q].row = M.table[p].col;

(*T).table[q].value = M.table[p].value;

++cpot[col];

}

}

free(num);

free(cpot);

return 1;

}

//由稀疏矩阵M复制得到T

int CopySparseMatrix(SparseMatrix M, SparseMatrix *T){

(*T) = M;

return 1;

}

int comp(int c1, int c2){

int i;

if (c1 < c2)

i = 1;

else if (c1 == c2)

i = 0;

else

i = -1;

return i;

}

//稀疏矩阵的加法:Q=M+N

int AddSparseMatrix(SparseMatrix M, SparseMatrix N, SparseMatrix *Q){

Term *Mp, *Me, *Np, *Ne, *Qh, *Qe;

if (M.m != N.m)

return 0;

if (M.n != N.n)

return 0;

(*Q).m = M.m;

(*Q).n = M.n;

Mp = &M.table[1]; // Mp的初值指向矩阵M的非零元素首地址

Np = &N.table[1]; // Np的初值指向矩阵N的非零元素首地址

Me = &M.table[M.t]; // Me指向矩阵M的非零元素尾地址

Ne = &N.table[N.t]; // Me指向矩阵M的非零元素尾地址

Qh = Qe = (*Q).table;// Qh、Qe的初值指向矩阵Q的非零元素首地址的前一地址

while (Mp <= Me&&Np <= Ne){

Qe++;

int t = comp(Mp->col, Np->col);

switch (t)

{

case 1:

*Qe = *Mp;

Mp++;

break;

case 0:

*Qe = *Mp;

Qe->value = Mp->value + Np->value;

if (!Qe->value) // 元素值为0,不存入压缩矩阵

Qe--;

Mp++;

Np++;

break;

case -1:

*Qe = *Np;

Np++;

}

}

while (Mp <= Me){

Qe++;

*Qe = *Np;

*Qe = *Np;

Np++;

}

while (Mp <= Me){

Qe++;

*Qe = *Mp;

Mp++;

}

(*Q).t = Qe - Qh; // 矩阵Q的非零元素个数

return 1;

}

//求稀疏矩阵的乘积Q=M*N

int MultSparseMatrix(SparseMatrix M, SparseMatrix N, SparseMatrix &Q){

int *ctemp;

ctemp = (int *)malloc((M.n + 1)*sizeof(int));  // 生成数组([0]不用)

if (M.n != N.m)

return 0;

Q.m = M.m;

Q.n = N.n;

Q.t = 0;

if (M.t*M.t != 0){ //Q是非零矩阵

for (int row = 1; row < M.n; row++){

ctemp[row] = 0;

}

}

return 1;

}

int main()

{

SparseMatrix A, C;

SparseMatrix B,D;

CreateSparseMatrix(&A);

printf("\n行三元组表A:\n");

OutputSparseMatrix(A);

printf("\n稀疏矩阵A为:\n");

outSparseMatrix(A);

printf("\n\n");

printf("行三元组表C为 :(A的转置): \n");

transposeSparseMatrix(A, &C);

OutputSparseMatrix(C);

printf("\n转置后稀疏矩阵C为:\n");

outSparseMatrix(C);

CopySparseMatrix(A, &B);

printf("\n行三元组表B:\n");

OutputSparseMatrix(B);

printf("\n稀疏矩阵B为:\n");

outSparseMatrix(B);

AddSparseMatrix(A, B, &D);

printf("\n行三元组表D:\n");

OutputSparseMatrix(B);

printf("\n稀疏矩阵D为:\n");

outSparseMatrix(B);

DestroySparseMatrix(&C);

return error;

}

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