to 什么时候是介词,什么时候是不定式

非谓语动词,又叫非限定性动词,在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式,动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),动词的非谓语形式。
不定式to do是非谓语动词的一种,形式是to do 是由动词do变过来的,前面的to 不是介词而是小品词(和动词进行补充说明关系),to后面要加动词原形。
不定式表示的是,想做,将做,未做的事强调的是目的性。
to 作为介词后面只能加名词(名词,动名词,名词性从句等)。

 不定式能起名词,副词,和形容词作用,可在句子中作主语,表语,宾语补足语,定语和状语用。

1)作主语: To help each other is good.
动词不定式作主语,一般可以用it 作形式主语,而将主语的动词不定式置于句末。
It is good to help each other.
2)作表语:My job is to drive them to the power station every day.

3)作宾语:
-1,作及物动词的宾语: He wishes to be a musician.
-2, 作形容词的宾语:I am determined to give up smoking.
-3,动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语,但动词不定式如有疑问词时,就可作介词的宾语,:Can you give us some advice on what to do?
4),宾语补足语:Tell the children not to play on the street.
5),动词不定式作宾语时,如带有宾语补足语时,须用it作形式宾语
I don't think it right to do it that way.
6)作定语 : Is this the best way to help him?
和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词,不定式后面要用必要的介词,He is the man to depend on his father.
如果不定式后面修饰的名词位place, time, way, 不定式后面的介词,习惯上可以省略:The old man is looking for a quiet place to live.
(定语和宾补的区分方法:如果不定式是出现在:“动宾宾补”结构后面的话,不定式应该是做宾补了;而如果不定式是出现在“系表宾”结构后,那不定式应该是做定语了)
7)作状语 (修饰谓语动词)
-1,目的状语 :Every morning He gets up very early to learn English.
也可以将不定式放置于句首,To learn a foreign language, one must work hard at it.
-2 They lived to see the liberation of their home town.
8)复合结构不定式:for + 名词(代词宾格) + 不定式,构成复合结构的动词不定式,for本身无意义,for 后面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语,这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语,如:It's very importment for us to get everything ready for the harvest.
当表语用的形容词表示逻辑主语的性质或特征时,就用介词of而不用for ,引出不定式的逻辑主语,例如good, nice, kind, wise, silly, stupid, foolish, right, wrong, careless, impolite等,如:It is very kind of you to help me every day.

9)疑问词加动词不定式,疑问代词或疑问副词 加动词不定式在句子中可以做主语,表语,或宾语。: How to prevent them from swimming in the river is a problem.
10),动词不定式的否定形式,动词不定式的否定形式由 not + 动词不定式组成,
It’s foolish of you not to attend the meeting.

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