案例:自定义一个ViewGroup,将子view进行流式布局
流程:
- 测量子view的大小 → onMeasure
测量每一个子view的宽和高,待摆放的子view的宽度如果小于当前行的剩余宽度则
放进入,否则将其摆放到下一行。 - 摆放子view的位置 → onLayout (必须)
遍历记录的每一行所有子view和每一行的高对子view进行摆放 -
对子view进行绘制 → onDraw
当前案例无需重构此方法
布局如下图
public class FlowLayout extends ViewGroup {
private int mHorizontalSpacing = dp2px(16); //每个item横向间距
private int mVerticalSpacing = dp2px(8); //每个item横向间距
private List> allLines;// 记录所有的行,一行一行的存储
private List heights; // 记录每一行的行高
public FlowLayout(Context context) {
super(context);
}
public FlowLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
}
public FlowLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
}
private void initMeasureParams() {
allLines = new ArrayList<>();
heights = new ArrayList<>();
}
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
// super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
initMeasureParams(); //此方法不能在构造函数调用,生命周期
int selfWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec); //获取当前类控件的宽度
//获取内间距以便通过getChildMeasureSpec方法获取子view的度量规则
int paddingLeft = getPaddingLeft();
int paddingRight = getPaddingRight();
int paddingTop = getPaddingTop();
int paddingBottom = getPaddingBottom();
int childCount = getChildCount(); //或者子view的数量
int lineWidthUsed = 0; //当前行已占用了的宽度
int lineHeight = 0; //当前行占用最大的高度
List lineViews = new ArrayList<>(); //记录每一行所摆放的控件
int parentNeededWidth = 0; //当前类控件至少所需要的宽度
int parentNeededHeight = 0; //当前类控件至少所需要的高度
//遍历子view进行度量,以便能获取度量之后的尺寸大小
// childView.getMeasuredWidth()是取度量之后的大小,childView.getWidth()是取onLayout之后的大小,这里需要前者
for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
//获取子View;
View childView = getChildAt(i);
LayoutParams childLP = childView.getLayoutParams();
//获取子view的度量规则
int childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(widthMeasureSpec,paddingLeft + paddingRight, childLP.width);
int childHeightMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(heightMeasureSpec, paddingTop + paddingBottom, childLP.height);
//度量子view、设置子View的尺寸
childView.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
//确定是否换行
int childMeasureWidth = childView.getMeasuredWidth();
int childMeasureHeight = childView.getMeasuredHeight();
if (childMeasureWidth + lineWidthUsed + mHorizontalSpacing > selfWidth) {
allLines.add(lineViews);
heights.add(lineHeight);
parentNeededHeight = parentNeededHeight + lineHeight + mVerticalSpacing;
parentNeededWidth = Math.max(parentNeededWidth, lineWidthUsed + mHorizontalSpacing);
lineViews = new ArrayList<>();
lineWidthUsed = 0;
lineHeight = 0;
}
lineViews.add(childView);
lineWidthUsed = lineWidthUsed + childMeasureWidth + mHorizontalSpacing;
lineHeight = Math.max(lineHeight, childMeasureHeight);
//最后一个子view所在的那一行需要手动加入
if(i == childCount - 1){
allLines.add(lineViews);
heights.add(lineHeight);
parentNeededHeight = parentNeededHeight + lineHeight + mVerticalSpacing;
parentNeededWidth = Math.max(parentNeededWidth, lineWidthUsed + mHorizontalSpacing);
}
}
//确定流式布局自身的宽高
int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
int selfHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
int realWidth = (widthMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) ? selfWidth : parentNeededWidth;
int realHeight = (heightMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) ? selfHeight : parentNeededHeight;
setMeasuredDimension(realWidth,realHeight); //度量之后存储该类控件自身宽高值,否则将触发测量时出现异常
}
@Override
protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
int lineCount = allLines.size();
int curX = getPaddingLeft(); //设置子view左边的起始位置
int curT = getPaddingTop(); //设置子view顶部的起始位置
for (int i = 0; i < lineCount; i++) {
List lineViews = allLines.get(i);
int lineHeight = heights.get(i);
for (int j = 0; j < lineViews.size(); j++) {
View view = lineViews.get(j);
int left = curX;
int top = curT;
int right = left + view.getMeasuredWidth();
int bottom = top + view.getMeasuredHeight();
view.layout(left, top, right, bottom); //参数值是子view距离当前控件的四个距离
curX = right + mHorizontalSpacing;
}
curT = curT + lineHeight + mVerticalSpacing;
curX = getPaddingLeft();
}
}
public static int dp2px(int dp) {
return (int) TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, dp, Resources.getSystem().getDisplayMetrics());
}
}
总结知识点:
度量规则MeasureSpec:
是view的内部类,里面定义了三个int类型的变量来表示三种模式:据传入的SpecSize来确定SpecMode, 如果传入的SpecSize是Match_parent或者是精确值,SpecMode是EXACTY,如果传入的是Wrap_content的话,SpecMode是AT_MOST, 若不对VIew的大小做出限制的话,比如listview、recycleview这些的SpecMode就是UNSPECIFIED;widthMeasureSpec和heightMeasureSpec是32位的int类型,其中包括了模式和尺寸大小,前两位表示模式,后30位表示尺寸大小。
//通过度量规则获取尺寸大小
MeasureSpec.getSize(MeasureSpec)
//获取子view的度量规则
getChildMeasureSpec(当前view的度量规则,paddingLeft + paddingRight, 子view的LayoutParams的宽高)
//对子view进行度量之后才能获取度量之后的准确值
childView.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
//在度量阶段获取子view的大小要取度量之后的值
int childMeasureWidth = childView.getMeasuredWidth();
// 获取度量规则的模式
int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
//度量之后存储该类控件自身宽高值(度量自己),否则将触发测量时出现异常
setMeasuredDimension(realWidth,realHeight);
//获取该view到父view的距离
int left = getLeft();
//对子view进行layout摆放,方法参数是子view到父view的四个距离
view.layout(left, top, right, bottom);
//MotionEvent中 get()和getRaw()的区别
//get() :触摸点相对于其所在组件坐标系的坐标
//getRaw() :触摸点相对于屏幕默认坐标系的坐标