import cv2 #opencv 读取的格式是BGR
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt #Matplotlib是RGB
%matplotlib inline
def cv_show(img,name):
cv2.imshow(name,img)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
傅里叶变换
傅里叶变换的作用
滤波
高通滤波器:只保留高频,会使得图像细节增强
opencv中主要就是cv2.dft()和cv2.idft(),输入图像需要先转换成np.float32格式
lean.jpg
低通滤波:
import numpy as np
import cv2
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
img = cv2.imread('lena.jpg',0)
img_float32 = np.float32(img)
dft = cv2.dft(img_float32,flags=cv2.DFT_COMPLEX_OUTPUT)
dft_shift = np.fft.fftshift(dft)
rows, cols = img.shape
crow,ccol = int(rows/2),int(cols/2) #中心位置
#低通滤波
mask = np.zeros((rows,cols,2),np.uint8)
mask[crow-30:crow+30,ccol-30:ccol+30]=1
#IDFT
fshift = dft_shift*mask
f_ishift = np.fft.ifftshift(fshift)
img_back = cv2.idft(f_ishift)
img_back = cv2.magnitude(img_back[:,:,0],img_back[:,:,1])
plt.subplot(121),plt.imshow(img,cmap='gray')
plt.title('Input Image'),plt.xticks([]),plt.yticks([])
plt.subplot(122),plt.imshow(img_back,cmap='gray')
plt.title('Result'),plt.xticks([]),plt.yticks([])
plt.show()
运行结果:
高通滤波:
img = cv2.imread('lena.jpg',0)
img_float32 = np.float32(img)
dft = cv2.dft(img_float32, flags = cv2.DFT_COMPLEX_OUTPUT)
dft_shift = np.fft.fftshift(dft)
rows, cols = img.shape
crow, ccol = int(rows/2) , int(cols/2) # 中心位置
# 高通滤波
mask = np.ones((rows, cols, 2), np.uint8)
mask[crow-30:crow+30, ccol-30:ccol+30] = 0
# IDFT
fshift = dft_shift*mask
f_ishift = np.fft.ifftshift(fshift)
img_back = cv2.idft(f_ishift)
img_back = cv2.magnitude(img_back[:,:,0],img_back[:,:,1])
plt.subplot(121),plt.imshow(img, cmap = 'gray')
plt.title('Input Image'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.subplot(122),plt.imshow(img_back, cmap = 'gray')
plt.title('Result'), plt.xticks([]), plt.yticks([])
plt.show()
运行结果: