logback 介绍及配置使用方法

新项目日志管理统一用logback，由于之前一直在用log4j，所以其实对logback这个由log4j长出来的家伙还不算陌生。

首先介绍下logback的前世今生。

slf4j由log4j作者Ceki开发，逐步取代apahce commons logging。

logback由log4j作者Ceki开发，逐步取代log4j。

slf4j等于commons-logging，是各种日志实现的通用入口，会根据classpath中存在下面哪一个Jar来决定具体的日志实现库。

 

logback相比较log4j的优势

slf4j支持参数化的logger.error("帐号ID：{}不存在", userId);

告别了if(logger.isDebugEnable()) 时代。

另外logback的整体性能比log4j也较佳，hibernate等项目已经采用了slf4j。

 

slf4j和logback的使用

1.如果日志的参数超过3个，需要写成

 

 

Object[] params = {newVal, below, above};
 logger.debug("Value {} was inserted between {} and {}.", params);

Object[] params = {newVal, below, above};
logger.debug("Value {} was inserted between {} and {}.", params);

 

2.因为内部已优化，作者认为slf4j的logger不需要定义为static。

3.可设置缓存后批量写日志文件(但服务器如果重启，可能会丢失未写到磁盘的记录)

4.MDC，用Filter，将当前用户名等业务信息放入MDC中，在日志format定义中即可使用该变量。

5.JMS Appender用于告警, DB Appender用于业务日志等可以使用插件，如生成Log代码的Eclipse插件Log4E。

6.tomcat和glassfish中，设定日志路径为../logs/xxxx.log 都能将日志放入应用服务器本身的logs目录。

 

最后把最近完善的一个logback.xml贴上，毕竟实际项目中的文件最能说明问题。

 

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

 <configuration>
     <substitutionProperty name="log.base" value="d:\\logback\\logback" />
     <jmxConfigurator />
     <appender name="stdout" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
         <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
             <evaluator name="myEval">
                 <expression>message.contains("dao")</expression>
             </evaluator>
             <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
             <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
         </filter>
         <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
             <pattern>%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n</pattern>
         </layout>
     </appender>
     <appender name="logfile-dao"
         class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
         <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
             <evaluator name="myEval_dao">
                 <expression>message.contains("dao")</expression>
             </evaluator>
             <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
             <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
         </filter>
         <Encoding>UTF-8</Encoding>
         <File>${log.base}_dao.log</File>
         <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
             <FileNamePattern>${log.base}.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}_dao.log.zip
             </FileNamePattern>
         </rollingPolicy>
         <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
             <pattern>%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n</pattern>
         </layout>
     </appender>
     <appender name="logfile-service"
         class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
         <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
             <evaluator name="myEval_service">
                 <expression>message.contains("service.impl")</expression>
             </evaluator>
             <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
             <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
         </filter>
         <Encoding>UTF-8</Encoding>
         <File>${log.base}_service.log</File>
         <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
             <FileNamePattern>${log.base}.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}_service.log.zip
             </FileNamePattern>
         </rollingPolicy>
         <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
             <pattern>%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n</pattern>
         </layout>
     </appender>
     <appender name="jms_dao" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.net.JMSQueueAppender">
         <InitialContextFactoryName>
            org.apache.activemq.jndi.ActiveMQInitialContextFactory
         </InitialContextFactoryName>
         <ProviderURL>tcp://192.168.1.120:61616</ProviderURL>
         <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
             <evaluator name="myEval_service">
                 <expression>message.contains("dao")</expression>
             </evaluator>
             <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
             <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
         </filter>
         <QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>ConnectionFactory
         </QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>
         <QueueBindingName>cms_dao_log</QueueBindingName>
     </appender>
     <appender name="jms_service" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.net.JMSQueueAppender">
         <InitialContextFactoryName>
            org.apache.activemq.jndi.ActiveMQInitialContextFactory
         </InitialContextFactoryName>
         <ProviderURL>tcp://192.168.1.120:61616</ProviderURL>
         <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
             <evaluator name="myEval_service">
                 <expression>message.contains("service.impl")</expression>
             </evaluator>
             <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
             <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
         </filter>
         <QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>ConnectionFactory
         </QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>
         <QueueBindingName>cms_service_log</QueueBindingName>
     </appender>
     <logger name="com.cms5.cmsservice.jms">
         <level value="DEBUG" />
     </logger>
     <logger name="java.sql.PreparedStatement">
         <level value="DEBUG" />
     </logger>
     <logger name="java.sql.Connection">
         <level value="DEBUG" />
     </logger>
     <logger name="java.sql.Statement">
         <level value="DEBUG" />
     </logger>
     <logger name="com.ibatis">
         <level value="DEBUG" />
     </logger>
     <logger name="com.ibatis.common.jdbc.SimpleDataSource">
         <level value="DEBUG" />
     </logger>
     <logger name="com.ibatis.common.jdbc.ScriptRunner">
         <level value="DEBUG" />
     </logger>
     <logger name="com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.impl.SqlMapClientDelegate">
         <level value="DEBUG" />
     </logger>
     <logger name="com.danga.MemCached">
         <level value="INFO" />
     </logger>
     <logger name="org.springframework.test">
         <level value="DEBUG" />
     </logger>
     <logger name="org.apache.struts2">
         <level value="DEBUG" />
     </logger>
     <root>
         <level value="INFO" />
         <!--<appender-ref ref="stdout" />
        -->
         <appender-ref ref="logfile-dao" />
         <appender-ref ref="logfile-service" />
         <appender-ref ref="jms_dao" />
         <appender-ref ref="jms_service" />
     </root>
 </configuration>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<configuration>
	<substitutionProperty name="log.base" value="d:\\logback\\logback" />
	<jmxConfigurator />
	<appender name="stdout" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
		<filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
			<evaluator name="myEval">
				<expression>message.contains("dao")</expression>
			</evaluator>
			<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
			<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
		</filter>
		<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
			<pattern>%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n</pattern>
		</layout>
	</appender>
	<appender name="logfile-dao"
		class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
		<filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
			<evaluator name="myEval_dao">
				<expression>message.contains("dao")</expression>
			</evaluator>
			<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
			<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
		</filter>
		<Encoding>UTF-8</Encoding>
		<File>${log.base}_dao.log</File>
		<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
			<FileNamePattern>${log.base}.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}_dao.log.zip
			</FileNamePattern>
		</rollingPolicy>
		<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
			<pattern>%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n</pattern>
		</layout>
	</appender>
	<appender name="logfile-service"
		class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
		<filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
			<evaluator name="myEval_service">
				<expression>message.contains("service.impl")</expression>
			</evaluator>
			<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
			<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
		</filter>
		<Encoding>UTF-8</Encoding>
		<File>${log.base}_service.log</File>
		<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
			<FileNamePattern>${log.base}.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}_service.log.zip
			</FileNamePattern>
		</rollingPolicy>
		<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
			<pattern>%date [%thread] %-5level %logger{80} - %msg%n</pattern>
		</layout>
	</appender>
	<appender name="jms_dao" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.net.JMSQueueAppender">
		<InitialContextFactoryName>
			org.apache.activemq.jndi.ActiveMQInitialContextFactory
		</InitialContextFactoryName>
		<ProviderURL>tcp://192.168.1.120:61616</ProviderURL>
		<filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
			<evaluator name="myEval_service">
				<expression>message.contains("dao")</expression>
			</evaluator>
			<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
			<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
		</filter>
		<QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>ConnectionFactory
		</QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>
		<QueueBindingName>cms_dao_log</QueueBindingName>
	</appender>
	<appender name="jms_service" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.net.JMSQueueAppender">
		<InitialContextFactoryName>
			org.apache.activemq.jndi.ActiveMQInitialContextFactory
		</InitialContextFactoryName>
		<ProviderURL>tcp://192.168.1.120:61616</ProviderURL>
		<filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
			<evaluator name="myEval_service">
				<expression>message.contains("service.impl")</expression>
			</evaluator>
			<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
			<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
		</filter>
		<QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>ConnectionFactory
		</QueueConnectionFactoryBindingName>
		<QueueBindingName>cms_service_log</QueueBindingName>
	</appender>
	<logger name="com.cms5.cmsservice.jms">
		<level value="DEBUG" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="java.sql.PreparedStatement">
		<level value="DEBUG" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="java.sql.Connection">
		<level value="DEBUG" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="java.sql.Statement">
		<level value="DEBUG" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="com.ibatis">
		<level value="DEBUG" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="com.ibatis.common.jdbc.SimpleDataSource">
		<level value="DEBUG" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="com.ibatis.common.jdbc.ScriptRunner">
		<level value="DEBUG" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.impl.SqlMapClientDelegate">
		<level value="DEBUG" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="com.danga.MemCached">
		<level value="INFO" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="org.springframework.test">
		<level value="DEBUG" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="org.apache.struts2">
		<level value="DEBUG" />
	</logger>
	<root>
		<level value="INFO" />
		<!--<appender-ref ref="stdout" />
		-->
		<appender-ref ref="logfile-dao" />
		<appender-ref ref="logfile-service" />
		<appender-ref ref="jms_dao" />
		<appender-ref ref="jms_service" />
	</root>
</configuration>

 

就先不做说明了，里面的配置还是比较明确的，关于jmsappender那部分，之前也做过简单说明。