Oracle10gR2 64Bit on SuSE10安装技术文档(原版英文)

Requirements for Installing Oracle 10gR2 64-bit (AMD64/EM64T) on SLES 10 [ID 373681.1]
修改时间 16-DEC-2010     类型 HOWTO     状态 PUBLISHED 
In this Document
  Goal
  Solution
  References
Applies to:
Oracle Server - Standard Edition - Version: 10.2.0.1 to 10.2.0.5 - Release: 10.2 to 10.2
Oracle Server - Enterprise Edition - Version: 10.2.0.1 to 10.2.0.5   [Release: 10.2 to 10.2]
SUSE \ UnitedLinux x86-64
Goal
This note explains the requirements that need to be met for a successful installation of the new release 10.2.0.1 (a 1 DVD set which is the base release) on SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 10, Linux x86_64.

It is NOT the purpose of this NOTE to repeat every "how-to" step that is presented in the 10gR2 Installation Guide manual. For example this NOTE does not include how to create the Linux OS account named "oracle", nor does it cover how to set environment variables. Both are adequate covered in Chapter 2 "Oracle Database Preinstallation Requirements" of the 10gR2 Installation Guide manual.

You can download the 10.2.0.1 from following URL. But you require a valid OTN account for download.
http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/oracle10g/htdocs/10201linx8664soft.html

As can be observed in the "Certify" section of Metalink, the minimum required version of 10gR2 on x86-64 SLES 10 is Oracle RDBMS Enterprise Edition version 10.2.0.4.

You will begin with a "software only" (no database) installation of 10.2.0.1, and immediately patch it to 10.2.0.4

The Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) can then be used to create a 10.2.0.4 database. Note that a new or custom database will be at 10.2.0.4, while a template database will be at 10.2.0.1 (see Note 339614.1)

The patch number for the 10.2.0.4 patchset on Metalink is patch 6810189

 

This procedure is meant for those planning/trying to install Oracle Server 10.2.0.4.0 on SLES 10 on the x86_64 (AMD/EM64T) platform.

Solution

1. Hardware:
==========
* Minimum Hardware Requirements
- 1 GB (1024 MB) of physical RAM

- The following table describes the relationship between installed RAM and the configured swap space requirement.

    RAM                                                           Swap Space
    =====                                                         =============
    Between 1024 MB and 2048 MB                1.5 times the size of RAM
    Between 2049 MB and 8192 MB                Equal to the size of RAM
    More than 8192 MB                                    0.75 times the size of RAM

- 400 MB of disk space (and less than 2Tb of disk space) in the /tmp directory.

- 1.2 GB of disk space for a preconfigured database that uses file system storage (optional)


2. Software:
=========

* SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 
    o This list is based upon the initial release of x86_64 SLES 10, aka "service pack 0". When a newer "service pack" level is used, the RPM release numbers (such as 2.6.16.21-0.8) may be slightly higher (such as 2.6.16.60-0.21 or 2.6.16.78). This is fine so long as you are still using SLES 10 x86_64 RPMs.
    o 2.6.16.21-0.8 (or newer)

* Required OS Components (per Release Notes, and Quick Install Guide)
    o none

* Additional Required OS Components (per the runInstaller OUI)
    o none. Since the OUI must be started with command "./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs" (see item # 7 below), no OUI pre-requisites will be performed.

* Additional Required OS Components (per this NOTE)
    o Please do not rush, skip, or minimize this critical step.  This list is based upon a "default-RPMs" installation of SLES 10. Additional RPMs (beyond anything known to Oracle) may be needed if a "less-than-default-RPMs" installation of SLES 10 is performed. For more detail, please see Note 386391.1, "Defining a "default RPMs" installation of the SLES OS". 
    o glibc-devel-2.4-31.2.x86_64.rpm
    o gcc-4.1.0-28.4.x86_64.rpm
    o libstdc++-devel-4.1.0-28.4.x86_64.rpm
    o gcc-c++-4.1.0-28.4.x86_64.rpm
    o glibc-devel-32bit-2.4-31.2.x86_64.rpm
    o libaio-devel-0.3.104-14.2.x86_64.rpm
    o glibc-2.4-31.63 (x86_64)
         version must be at least 2.4-31.63 due to an OS bug.

* Oracle Global Customer Support has noticed a recent trend with install problems that originates from installing too many RPMs. For example:
    o installing your own JDK version (prior to beginning the Oracle Software "runInstaller") is not needed on Linux, and is not recommended on Linux. A pre-existing JDK often interferes with the correct JDK that the Linux Oracle Software "runInstaller" will place and use.
    o installing more than the required version of the gcc / g++ RPMs often leads to accidentally using (aka enabling or activating) the incorrect one. If you have multiple RDBMS versions installed on the same Linux machine, then you will likely have to manage multiple versions of gcc /g++ . For more information, please see Note 444084.1, "Multiple gcc / g++ Versions in Linux"

The x86_64 packages are on the SuSE Linux Enterprise Server x86-64 distribution. The "*-32bit-*" packages are also on the SuSE Linux Enterprise Server x86-64 distribution.


3. Environment:
============
* Modify your kernel settings in /etc/sysctl.conf as follows. If the current value for any parameter is higher than the value listed in this table, do not change the value of that parameter.

    kernel.shmall = physical RAM size / pagesize For most systems, this will be the value 2097152. See NOTE 301830.1 for more information.
    kernel.shmmax = 1/2 of physical RAM.  This would be the value 2147483648 for a system with 4Gb of physical RAM. 
    kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
    net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
         The runInstaller (OUI) checks may expect this to be the old guidance of "1024 65000". The new guidance from Oracle development is "9000 65500". Please allow the runInstaller (OUI) to proceed with the new guidance from Oracle development. 
    fs.file-max = 512 x processes (for example 65536 for 128 processes)
    net.core.rmem_default=262144
    net.core.rmem_max=2097152
    net.core.wmem_default=262144
    net.core.wmem_max=1048576

    net.ipv4.tcp_wmem or net.ipv4.tcp_rmem are not needed, and not recommended. For additional information, please see NOTE 560590.1, "How and When to use the net.ipv4.tcp_rmem and net.ipv4.tcp_wmem Linux kernel Parameters"

   On SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10, ensure that you set the hugetlb_shm_group kernel parameter to the gid of the group used as the dba group. For example, on a system using a group named dba with the following entry in the /etc/group file:
          dba:!:104:oracle
          The kernel parameter should be set to: 
          vm.hugetlb_shm_group = 104 

    To activate these new settings into the running kernel space, run the "sysctl -p" command

* The gcc and g++ RPM items above will ensure that the correct gcc / g++ versions are installed. It is also required that you ensure that these correct gcc / g++ versions are active, and in-use. Ensure that the commands "gcc --version" and "g++ --version" each return "4.1.x"

* Hostname command should return the fully qualified hostname as shown below:
% hostname --fqdn
hostname.domainname

* If any Java packages are installed on the system, unset the Java environment variables, for example JAVA_HOME.

* The oracle account used to install Oracle 10.2.0.X, should not have the Oracle install related variables set by default. For example setting ORACLE_HOME, PATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include Oracle binaries in .profile, .login file and /etc/profile.d should be completely avoided.


4. Set Shell Limits for the oracle User, using appropriate section of the 10gR2 Quick Install Guide for x86_64.

- Add the following settings to /etc/security/limits.conf
    oracle   soft    nproc    2047
    oracle   hard   nproc   16384
    oracle   soft    nofile    1024
    oracle   hard   nofile    65536

- Add or edit the following line in the /etc/pam.d/xdm file, if it does not already exist:
    session     required     pam_limits.so

- Add or edit the following line in the /etc/pam.d/su file, if it does not already exist:
    session     required     pam_limits.so

- Add the following lines to /etc/profile.local:
    if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
        if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
            ulimit -u 16384
            ulimit -n 65536
        else
            ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
        fi
    fi

5. Create, change ownership, and change permissions of the $ORACLE_BASE directory, using the appropriate section of the 10gR2 Quick Install Guide for x86_64.

6. Configuring the oracle User's Environment, using the appropriate section of the 10gR2 Quick Install Guide for x86_64. Note that setting $ORACLE_BASE (not $ORACLE_HOME) in the environment will ease a couple of entries in the Oracle Universal Installer.

7. Now you are ready to invoke your Oracle Universal Installer. 
    a.)  it is best practice not to use any form of "su" to start the runInstaller, in order to avoid potential display-related problems.
    b.) Until the OUI for 10.2.0.x is modified for SLES 10, you must start the OUI as follows:
         ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs 
    c.) When performing the 10.2.0.1 "software only" installation, make sure to use the "runInstaller" version that comes with 10.2.0.1 software.
    d.) When performing the 10.2.0.4 installation, make sure to use the "runInstaller" version that comes with 10.2.0.4 patchset





ADDITIONAL NOTES
----------------
1. Linux x86-64, support on AMD64/EM64T and Intel Processor Chips that adhere to the x86-64 architecture with supported Linux releases.
    -- Oracle 32-bit running on AMD64/EM64T with 32-bit OS is supported, but is not covered by this NOTE.
    -- Oracle 32-bit running on AMD64/EM64T with 64-bit OS is not supported.

2. Asynchronous I/O on ext2 and ext3 file systems is supported if your scsi/fc driver supports that functionality.

3. No extra patch is required for the DIRECTIO support for x86_64.

4. No LD_ASSUME_KERNEL value should be used with the SLES 10 O/S.

References

BUG:8308962 - ERROR ON METALINK CERTIFICATIONS FOR 10GR2 X86_64 AND SLES 10
NOTE:301830.1 - Upon startup of Linux database get ORA-27102: out of memory Linux-X86_64 Error: 28: No space left on device
NOTE:339614.1 - DBA_REGISTRY Shows Components Of A New Database Are At The Base Level, Even Though A Patchset Is Installed
NOTE:386391.1 - Defining a "default RPMs" installation of the SLES OS
NOTE:444084.1 - Multiple gcc / g++ Versions in Linux
NOTE:560590.1 - How and When to use the net.ipv4.tcp_rmem and net.ipv4.tcp_wmem Linux kernel Parameters
NOTE:567506.1 - Maximum SHMMAX values for Linux x86 and x86-64
NOTE:605251.1 - Where To Locate The Oracle RDBMS Installation Guides, Upgrade Guides and Release Notes