Apache,Tomcat负载均衡和集群
Apache,Tomcat负载均衡和集群
软件下载：
apache:httpd-2.2.19-win32-x86-no_ssl.msi
http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi#apache22
tomcat:apache-tomcat-6.0.24
http://tomcat.apache.org/
jk:mod_jk-1.2.31-httpd-2.2.3.so
http://tomcat.apache.org/download-connectors.cgi
负载均衡
1.解压两份Tomcat, 路径分别为 apache-tomcat-1,apache-tomcat-2
2.在apache安装目录下conf目录中配置http.conf
在文件最后加上下面一句
include "D:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\conf\mod_jk.conf"
3.在apache安装目录下conf目录中创建mod_jk.conf文件，内容如下:
#加载mod_jk Module
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk-1.2.31-httpd-2.2.3.so
#指定 workers.properties文件路径
JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties
#指定那些请求交给tomcat处理,"controller"为在workers.propertise里指定的负载分配控制器
JkMount /*.jsp controller
4.在apache安装目录下conf目录中创建workers.properties文件，内容如下:
worker.list = controller,tomcat1,tomcat2
#server 列表#========tomcat1========
worker.tomcat1.port=8009 #ajp13 端口号，在tomcat下server.xml配置,默认8009
worker.tomcat1.host=localhost #tomcat的主机地址，如不为本机，请填写ip地址
worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat1.lbfactor = 1 #server的加权比重，值越高，分得的请求越多
#========tomcat2========
worker.tomcat2.port=9009 #ajp13 端口号，在tomcat下server.xml配置,默认8009
worker.tomcat2.host=localhost
#tomcat的主机地址，如不为本机，请填写ip地址
worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat2.lbfactor = 1 #server的加权比重，值越高，分得的请求越多
#========controller,负载均衡控制器========
worker.controller.type=lb
worker.controller.balanced_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2 #指定分担请求的tomcat
worker.controller.sticky_session=1
5.修改tomcat配置文件server.xml
打开tomcat2/conf/server.xml文件
<Server port="9005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> 改为9005
<Connector port="9080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" /> 改为9080
<Connector port="9009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />改为9009
6.编写test.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ page import="java.lang.String"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
System.out.println("=basePath is:="+basePath+"=end=");
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>test</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<script language="javascript">
</script>
</head>
<body>
<%
System.out.println("===========================");
%>
</body>
</html>
7.在apache-tomcat-1\webapps目录下创建test目录并将test.jsp放入
在apache-tomcat-2\webapps目录下创建test目录并将test.jsp放入
8.将mod_jk-1.2.31-httpd-2.2.3.so复制到
D:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\modules目录下
9.启动apache,tomcat1,tomcat2,进行测试
http://localhost/test/test.jsp
控制台上可以看到===========================
配置集群
其中任何一个tomcat的添加的session，是要同步复制到其它tomcat， 集群内的tomcat都有相同的session
1.修改tomcat1, tomcat2的server.xml
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/> 启用
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat1"> 启用
<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat2"> 启用
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
channelSendOptions="8">
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
address="228.0.0.4"
port="45564"
frequency="500"
dropTime="3000"/>
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
address="auto"
port="4000"
autoBind="100"
selectorTimeout="5000"
maxThreads="6"/>
<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
</Sender>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
</Channel>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
filter=""/>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>
<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
watchEnabled="false"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>
2.编写index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=GBK" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.*" %>
<html><head><title>Cluster App Test</title></head>
<body>
Server Info:
<%
out.println(request.getLocalAddr() + " : " + request.getLocalPort()+"<br>");%>
<%
out.println("<br> ID " + session.getId()+"<br>"); // 如果有新的 Session 属性设置
String dataName = request.getParameter("dataName");
if (dataName != null && dataName.length() > 0) {
String dataValue = request.getParameter("dataValue");
session.setAttribute(dataName, dataValue);
} out.print("<b>Session list</b>"); Enumeration e = session.getAttributeNames();
while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
String name = (String)e.nextElement();
String value = session.getAttribute(name).toString();
out.println( name + " = " + value+"<br>");
System.out.println( name + " = " + value);
}
%>
<form action="index.jsp" method="POST">
key:<input type=text size=20 name="dataName">
<br>
value:<input type=text size=20 name="dataValue">
<br>
<input type=submit>
</form>
</body>
3.将index.jsp文件放入\webapps\test目录下（两个tomcat）
4.新建WEB-INF目录及web.xml文件
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" version="2.4">
<display-name>TomcatDemo</display-name>
<distributable/>
</web-app>
注意：在web.xml加入 <distributable/>
5.重启apache,tomcat1,tomcat2
http://localhost/test/index.jsp
Done!
各软件、配置文件及test目录见附件