修改Oracle数据库字符集编码为utf-8

1.查看当前字符集编码

   select userenv('language') from dual;

2.修改字符集

   ①在Sql/plus使用dba身份登录

       conn system as sysdba;

   ②修改为utf-8

       shutdown immediate;

       startup mount exclusive;

       alert system enable restricted session;

       alert system set job_queue_processes = 0;

       alert system set aq_tm_processes = 0;

       alert database open;

       alert database character set internal_use AL32UTF8;

       shutdown immediate;

       startup;

3.几个常用命令

给用户(hr)解锁：

alter user hr account unlock;

修改用户(hr)密码(新密码为hr):

alter user hr identified by hr;

授权(emp)表的select权限给用户(hr):

grant select on emp to hr;

取消授权:

remove select on emp from hr;