11g 中使用adrci看alert日志
1 认识adrci
这个命令可以查看报错信息和日志，伴随着11g trace目录换位置之后一起提供给我们的。这个工具不仅能像vi一样对日志进行编辑。还能像tail -f 一样查看日志文件。
而且可以跨平台，在windows上也可以使用。
下面演示几种adrci的常用用法。
1.1 查看命令位置
$ which adrci
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/adrci
1.2 为命令设置别名
rlwrap工具可以上下翻动自己刚才执行的命令
$ grep adrci .bash_profile
alias adrci='rlwrap adrci'
1.3 查看help
$ adrci -help
Syntax:
adrci [-help] [script=script_filename]
[exec = "one_command [;one_command;...]"]
Options Description (Default)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
script script file name (None)
help help on the command options (None)
exec exec a set of commands (None)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
从help可以看出他的语法可以是类似下面这样的：
1.3.1 直接执行命令
$ adrci exec="show alert"
1.3.2 指定脚本命令
$ cat /tmp/abc.txt
show alert
$ adrci script = /tmp/abc.txt
$ adrci
ADRCI: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Fri Jun 6 11:45:39 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
ADR base = "/u01/app/oracle"
adrci>
2 使用adrci
2.1 查看help
adrci> help
HELP [topic]
Available Topics:
CREATE REPORT
ECHO
EXIT
HELP
HOST
IPS
PURGE
RUN
SET BASE
SET BROWSER
SET CONTROL
SET ECHO
SET EDITOR
SET HOMES | HOME | HOMEPATH
SET TERMOUT
SHOW ALERT
SHOW BASE
SHOW CONTROL
SHOW HM_RUN
SHOW HOMES | HOME | HOMEPATH
SHOW INCDIR
SHOW INCIDENT
SHOW PROBLEM
SHOW REPORT
SHOW TRACEFILE
SPOOL
There are other commands intended to be used directly by Oracle, type
"HELP EXTENDED" to see the list
2.2 查看home
从help中可以看出，show 后面可以接home homes homepath 这三个参数，也就是说这三个参数其实显示了同一个内容。
注：这里的home并不是$ORACLE_HOME
adrci> show home
ADR Homes:
diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl
diag/asm/+asm/+ASM
diag/tnslsnr/oracle11g/listener
adrci> show homes
ADR Homes:
diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl
diag/asm/+asm/+ASM
diag/tnslsnr/oracle11g/listener
adrci> show homepath
ADR Homes:
diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl
diag/asm/+asm/+ASM
diag/tnslsnr/oracle11g/listener
2.3 列出home下面的日志(show alert)
像这种show alert 的方式可以理解为使用vi打开日志文件。
adrci> help show alert
Usage: SHOW ALERT [-p <predicate_string>] [-term]
[ [-tail [num] [-f]] | [-file <alert_file_name>] ]
Purpose: Show alert messages.
Options:
[-p <predicate_string>]: The predicate string must be double quoted.
The fields in the predicate are the fields:
ORIGINATING_TIMESTAMP timestamp
NORMALIZED_TIMESTAMP timestamp
ORGANIZATION_ID text(65)
COMPONENT_ID text(65)
HOST_ID text(65)
HOST_ADDRESS text(17)
MESSAGE_TYPE number
MESSAGE_LEVEL number
MESSAGE_ID text(65)
MESSAGE_GROUP text(65)
CLIENT_ID text(65)
MODULE_ID text(65)
PROCESS_ID text(33)
THREAD_ID text(65)
USER_ID text(65)
INSTANCE_ID text(65)
DETAILED_LOCATION text(161)
UPSTREAM_COMP_ID text(101)
DOWNSTREAM_COMP_ID text(101)
EXECUTION_CONTEXT_ID text(101)
EXECUTION_CONTEXT_SEQUENCE number
ERROR_INSTANCE_ID number
ERROR_INSTANCE_SEQUENCE number
MESSAGE_TEXT text(2049)
MESSAGE_ARGUMENTS text(129)
SUPPLEMENTAL_ATTRIBUTES text(129)
SUPPLEMENTAL_DETAILS text(129)
PROBLEM_KEY text(65)
[-tail [num] [-f]]: Output last part of the alert messages and
output latest messages as the alert log grows. If num is not specified,
the last 10 messages are displayed. If "-f" is specified, new data
will append at the end as new alert messages are generated.
[-term]: Direct results to terminal. If this option is not specified,
the results will be open in an editor.
By default, it will open in emacs, but "set editor" can be used
to set other editors.
[-file <alert_file_name>]: Allow users to specify an alert file which
may not be in ADR. <alert_file_name> must be specified with full path.
Note that this option cannot be used with the -tail option
Examples:
show alert
show alert -p "message_text like '%incident%'"
show alert -tail 20
2.3.1 查看所有目录中的日志
adrci> show alert
Choose the alert log from the following homes to view:
1: diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl
2: diag/asm/+asm/+ASM
3: diag/tnslsnr/oracle11g/listener
Q: to quit
Please select option:
2.3.2 查看自定义目录下的日志
这个时候有4个选项可以供我们选择，分别是数据库，asm，监听器的日志文件。同样也可以设置单独的home，比如
adrci> set home diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl
adrci> show alert //类似vi编辑意义昂
2.3.3 动态查看定义目录下的日志
一定要先设置目录，不然不能查看，会得到以下错误，所以应该先设置home
adrci> show alert -tail -f
DIA-48449: Tail alert can only apply to single ADR home
adrci> sethome diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl
adrci> show alert -tail -f
用ctrl - c 方式可以退出动态查看
这个命令有点熟悉，类似于Linux中的“tail -f 文件名”，这里的“show alert -tail -”f 同样适用于Windows
2.3.4 查看alert日志中包含ORA-的字符串
这个语法可以查看帮助（前面有列出），其中-p参数可以跟基于XXX的信息，比如下面是基于包含ORA- 的信息
adrci> show alert -p "MESSAGE_TEXT like '%ORA-%'"
2.4 对adrci进行spool
adrci可以进行spool，spool文件是以.ado 结尾的文件，下面演示操作
$ adrci
adrci> spool /tmp/test //指定spool文件位置
adrci> showhome
ADR Homes: diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl diag/asm/+asm/+ASM diag/tnslsnr/oracle11g/listener |
adrci> spooloff //最后记得off掉spool
adrci> quit
$ cat /tmp/test.ado
ADR Homes: diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl diag/asm/+asm/+ASM diag/tnslsnr/oracle11g/listener |
2.5 设置editor (set deitor)
如果直接使用show alert 方式可以以vi的方式打开相应home目录中的日志文件，这里可以把打开这一动作发送给其他文本编辑器。例如ed、gedit 等等，这里设置成gedit，由于是图形编辑器，需要服务器能打开图形
adrci> set editor gedit
adrci> set editor vi
2.6 查看报错(show problem | incident)
problem 和 incident 是一种相辅相成的关系, problem指的是大的问题,叫criticial error, 一个大问题会由很多小的incidents所导致。所以他们是1:n的关系.
鉴于格式美观，所以把字体缩小到极限，可以手工把下面这段内容复制到文本文件中查看
2.6.1 查看incident
adrci> show incident
ADR Home = /home/db/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb1: ************************************************************************* INCIDENT_ID PROBLEM_KEY CREATE_TIME -------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- 20657 ORA 600 [kkdlgtd1] 2014-05-22 16:08:05.778000 +08:00
ADR Home = /home/db/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/racdb1/listenerdb: ************************************************************************* 0 rows fetched
ADR Home = /home/db/oracle/diag/clients/user_oracle/host_805754952_80: ************************************************************************* 0 rows fetched |
2.6.2 查看problem
adrci> show problem
ADR Home = /home/db/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb1: ************************************************************************* PROBLEM_ID PROBLEM_KEY LAST_INCIDENT LASTINC_TIME -------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------- -------------------- ---------------------------------------- 1 ORA 600 [kkdlgtd1] 20657 2014-05-22 16:08:05.778000 +08:00
ADR Home = /home/db/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/racdb1/listenerdb: ************************************************************************* 0 rows fetched
ADR Home = /home/db/oracle/diag/clients/user_oracle/host_805754952_80: ************************************************************************* 0 rows fetched |
2.6.3 查看报错内容
结合前面所演示的查看alert内容看看报错的其他信息
adrci> show alert -p "message_text like '%ORA-%600%'"
Choose the alert log from the following homes to view:
1: diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb1
2: diag/tnslsnr/racdb1/listenerdb
3: diag/clients/user_oracle/host_805754952_80
Q: to quit
Please select option: 1
2014-05-22 16:08:05.778000 +08:00 Errors in file /home/db/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb1/trace/racdb1_ora_4076.trc (incident=20657): ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kkdlgtd1], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] |
2.6.4 更详细查看incident
adrci> show incident -MODE DETAIL -p "incident_id=20657"
ADR Home = /home/db/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb1: *************************************************************************
********************************************************** INCIDENT INFO RECORD 1 ********************************************************** INCIDENT_ID 20657 STATUS ready CREATE_TIME 2014-05-22 16:08:05.778000 +08:00 PROBLEM_ID 1 CLOSE_TIME <NULL> FLOOD_CONTROLLED none ERROR_FACILITY ORA ERROR_NUMBER 600 ERROR_ARG1 kkdlgtd1 ERROR_ARG2 <NULL> ERROR_ARG3 <NULL> ERROR_ARG4 <NULL> ERROR_ARG5 <NULL> ERROR_ARG6 <NULL> ERROR_ARG7 <NULL> ERROR_ARG8 <NULL> ERROR_ARG9 <NULL> ERROR_ARG10 <NULL> ERROR_ARG11 <NULL> ERROR_ARG12 <NULL> SIGNALLING_COMPONENT <NULL> SIGNALLING_SUBCOMPONENT <NULL> SUSPECT_COMPONENT <NULL> SUSPECT_SUBCOMPONENT <NULL> ECID <NULL> IMPACTS 0 PROBLEM_KEY ORA 600 [kkdlgtd1] FIRST_INCIDENT 20657 FIRSTINC_TIME 2014-05-22 16:08:05.778000 +08:00 LAST_INCIDENT 20657 LASTINC_TIME 2014-05-22 16:08:05.778000 +08:00 IMPACT1 0 IMPACT2 0 IMPACT3 0 IMPACT4 0 KEY_NAME ProcId KEY_VALUE 32.14 KEY_NAME PQ KEY_VALUE (0, 1400746084) KEY_NAME Client ProcId KEY_VALUE oracle@racdb1 (TNS V1-V3).4076_139978386978560 KEY_NAME SID KEY_VALUE 48.17 OWNER_ID 1 INCIDENT_FILE /home/db/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb1/trace/racdb1_ora_4076.trc OWNER_ID 1 INCIDENT_FILE /home/db/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb1/incident/incdir_20657/racdb1_ora_4076_i20657.trc
ADR Home = /home/db/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/racdb1/listenerdb: ************************************************************************* 0 rows fetched </ADR_HOME> <ADR_HOME name="/home/db/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/racdb1/listenerdb">
ADR Home = /home/db/oracle/diag/clients/user_oracle/host_805754952_80: ************************************************************************* 0 rows fetched |
2.7 查看相关trace文件
adrci> help show tracefile
Usage: SHOW TRACEFILE [file1 file2 ...] [-rt | -t]
[-i inc1 inc2 ...] [-path path1 path2 ...]
Purpose: List the qualified trace filenames.
Options:
[file1 file2 ...]: The trace files users are interested in to search.
If "-i" or/and "-path" is specified, the trace files are assumed
to be under the specified incidents or paths. Otherwise, the files
will be searched among the trace directory and all incident directories
of the current ADR homes. Filenames allow SQL like condition syntax.
I.e., allowing wildcard search on filenames by using "%". For example,
"%mmon%" means all trace files with the "mmon" substring.
[-rt | -t]: Order the trace filenames. "-t" means in the modified
timestamps order; "-rt" means in the reversed modified timestamps
order. Note that the ordering is only apply to a single directory.
[-i inc1 inc2 ...]: The trace files produced for the listed incidents.
If no files are listed, all trace files produced for the list
incidents are considered.
[-path path1 path2 ...]: The trace files under the given paths will be
queried. If no files are listed, all trace files under these paths
are considered.
Examples:
1. Show all the trace files under the current home
"show tracefile"
2. Show all the mmon trace files in time reverse order
"show tracefile %mmon% -rt"
3. Show all trace files under incidents 123 456, and /home/someone/temp
"show tracefile -i 123 456 -path /home/someone/temp"
2.7.1 查看文件名中包含XX字符的trace文件
adrci> show tracefile %mmon% -rt
adrci> show tracefile %smon% -rt
2.7.2 查看包含incident_id的trace文件
刚刚查出来的id是20657，那么可以根据这个ID来查看有哪些trace文件
adrci> show tracefile -i 20657
diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb1/incident/incdir_20657/racdb1_ora_4076_i20657.trc
2.7.3 查看产生trace文件的时间
adrci> show tracefile -i 20657 -rt
22-MAY-14 16:08:08 diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb1/incident/incdir_20657/racdb1_ora_4076_i20657.trc
2.7.4 根据path来查看trace文件
这里的path并不包含子目录
adrci> show tracefile -path diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb1/trace/
2.8 执行系统命令
这个也类似于sqlplus一样，可以在窗口adrci中执行系统命令，但是除了使用cd命令
adrci> help host
Usage: HOST ["host_command_string"]
Purpose: Execute operating system commands without leaving ADRCI.
Use HOST by itself to enter an operating system shell, which
will allow user to enter multiple operating system commands.
Options:
["host_command_string"]: The host commands' string.
Notes: The operating system commands have no impact on the current
ADRCI session. For example change path "cd" will not alter
the current working directory of ADRCI.
Examples:
host
host "pwd"
adrci> host 'pwd'
/home/db/oracle