动态路由实验

 

 

 

本实验为交换与路由的综合实验,完成本实验,目的是为了掌握子网的划分、配置VLAN,以及在路由器上配置单臂路由来实现VLAN之间的路由;并且掌握在有子网的情况下使用静态路由协议实现子网的互通。

动态路由实验_第1张图片

所需实验设备

1)3台路由器 2)2台交换机 3)2根交叉线 4)2根直连线

实验描述

1、划分子网 在192.168.1.0/25网段上包含3个VLAN,其中,VLAN 2中包含50台主机,VLAN 3和4中各包含25台主机;请写出子网划分的方案; 2、配置VLAN与单臂路由 1)在交换机上配置静态路由) 在路由器上配置单臂路由,实现交换机上各VLAN的互通; 3、配置RIP路由协议 在3台路由器上配置RIP路由协议,实现两台交换机上连接的各网段的互通。 4.交换机的转发原理 如果同在一个VLAN中的两台主机互相ping通后,是否还能不同vlan间ping通?为什么?

提交作业

1) 路由器与交换机的配置文件 2) 实验报告

子网划分:

因为2的2次方是4,所以192.168.1.0/25再借一位就可以了。子网掩码为255.255.255.192

Vlan2网络地址:192.168.1.0 可用IP:192.168.1.1―192.168.1.62 广播地址:192.168.1.63

Vlan3、vlan4网络地址:192.168.1.64 可用IP:192.168.1.65―192.168.1.126 广播地址:192.168.1.127

Vlan2网络地址:192.168.1.128 可用IP:192.168.1.129―192.168.1.190 广播地址:192.168.1.191

Vlan3、vlan4网络地址:192.168.1.192 可用IP:192.168.1.193―192.168.1.254 广播地址:192.168.1.255

clip_image004

静态试验一:

基本思路:

(一)对于路由器:

1:命名

2:设置端口IP和激活相应端口

3:配置单臂路由(对于R1和R3)

4:配置静态路由

(二)对于交换机:

1:命名

2:添加vlan

3:将指定端口添加到指定vlan

4:将相应端口设置成trunk模式

(三)对于PC(这里把router当做PC):

1:命名

2:设置IP

(四)查看命名:

查看基本配置:

show running-config

查看vlan信息:

show vlan-switchport

查看端口信息:

show interface 端口号

查看路由信息:

show ip route

--------------------------------------------------

配置文档:

R1:

enable

config terminal

no ip domain-lookup //禁止DNS服务

hostname R1

interface f0/0

no shutdown

interface f1/0

ip address 10.10.1.1 255.255.255.0 //设置IP

no shutdown

interface f0/0.2 //设置子端口信息

encapsulation dot1q 2

ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.192

exit

interface f0/0.3 //设置子端口信息

encapsulation dot1q 3

ip address 192.168.1.65 255.255.255.192

no shutdown

exit

ip route 10.20.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.10.1.2 //设置静态路由

ip route 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.128 10.10.1.2 //设置静态路由

end

write

------------------------------------------------------

R2:

enable

config terminal

no ip domain-lookup //禁止DNS服务

hostname R2

interface f0/0

ip address 10.10.1.2 255.255.255.0 //设置IP

no shutdown

interface f1/0

ip address 10.20.1.1 255.255.255.0 //设置IP

no shutdown

ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.128 10.10.1.1 //设置静态路由

ip route 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.128 10.20.1.2 //设置静态路由

end

write

-----------------------------------------------------------

R3:

enable

config terminal

no ip domain-lookup //禁止DNS服务

hostname R3

interface f1/0

no shutdown

interface f0/0

ip address 10.20.1.2 255.255.255.0 //设置IP

no shutdown

interface f1/0.2 //设置子端口信息

encapsulation dot1q 2

ip address 192.168.1.129 255.255.255.192

exit

interface f1/0.3 //设置子端口信息

encapsulation dot1q 3

ip address 192.168.1.193 255.255.255.192

exit

ip route 10.10.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.20.1.1 //设置静态路由

ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.128 10.20.1.1 //设置静态路由

end

write

-------------------------------------------------------

sw1:

enable

config terminal

hostname sw1

exit

vlan database //添加vlan

vlan 2

vlan 3

exit

config terminal

interface f0/0

switchport mode trunk //将指定端口设置成trunk

interface f0/2

switchport access vlan 2 //将指定端口添加到指定vlan

interface f0/3

switchport access vlan 3 //将指定端口添加到指定vlan

end

write

---------------------------------------------------------------

sw2:

enable

config terminal

hostname sw2

exit

vlan database //添加vlan

vlan 2

vlan 3

exit

config terminal

interface f0/0

switchport mode trunk //将指定端口设置成trunk

interface f0/2

switchport access vlan 2 //将指定端口添加到指定vlan

interface f0/3

switchport access vlan 3 //将指定端口添加到指定vlan

end

write

------------------------------------------------------------

pc1:

enable

config terminal

no ip routing

hostname pc1

interface f0/0

ip address 192.168.1.20 255.255.255.192 //设置IP

no shutdown

end

write

------------------------------------------------------------

pc2:

enable

config terminal

no ip routing

hostname pc2

interface f0/0

ip address 192.168.1.68 255.255.255.192 //设置IP

no shutdown

end

write

------------------------------------------------------------

pc3:

enable

config terminal

no ip routing

hostname pc3

interface f0/0

ip address 192.168.1.168 255.255.255.192 //设置IP

no shutdown

end

write

------------------------------------------------------------

pc4:

enable

config terminal

no ip routing

hostname pc4

interface f0/0

ip address 192.168.1.200 255.255.255.192 //设置IP

no shutdown

end

write

调试图片:

clip_image006clip_image008clip_image010clip_image012clip_image014

clip_image016

静态路由实验2:

基本思路:

(一)对于路由器:

1:命名

2:设置端口IP和激活相应端口

3:配置单臂路由(对于R1和R3)

4:配置静态路由

(二)对于交换机:

1:命名

2:添加vlan

3:将指定端口添加到指定vlan

4:将相应端口设置成trunk模式

(三)对于PC(这里把router当做PC):

1:命名

2:设置IP

(四)查看命名:

查看基本配置:

show running-config

查看vlan信息:

show vlan-switchport

查看端口信息:

show interface 端口号

查看路由信息:

show ip route

--------------------------------------------------

配置文档:

R1:

enable

config terminal

no ip domain-lookup

hostname R1

interface f0/0

no shutdown

interface f1/0

ip address 10.10.1.1 255.255.255.0

no shutdown

interface f0/0.2

encapsulation dot1q 2

ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.192

exit

interface f0/0.3

encapsulation dot1q 3

ip address 192.168.1.65 255.255.255.192

no shutdown

exit

ip route 10.20.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.10.1.2

ip route 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.192 10.10.1.2

ip route 192.168.1.192 255.255.255.192 10.10.1.2

end

write

------------------------------------------------------

R2:

enable

config terminal

no ip domain-lookup

hostname R2

interface f0/0

ip address 10.10.1.2 255.255.255.0

no shutdown

interface f1/0

ip address 10.20.1.1 255.255.255.0

no shutdown

ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.192 10.10.1.1

ip route 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.192 10.10.1.1

ip route 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.192 10.20.1.2

ip route 192.168.1.192 255.255.255.192 10.20.1.2

end

write

-----------------------------------------------------------

R3:

enable

config terminal

no ip domain-lookup

hostname R3

interface f1/0

no shutdown

interface f0/0

ip address 10.20.1.2 255.255.255.0

no shutdown

interface f1/0.2

encapsulation dot1q 2

ip address 192.168.1.129 255.255.255.192

exit

interface f1/0.3

encapsulation dot1q 3

ip address 192.168.1.193 255.255.255.192

exit

ip route 10.10.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.20.1.1

ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.192 10.20.1.1

ip route 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.192 10.20.1.1

end

write

-------------------------------------------------------

sw1:

enable

config terminal

hostname sw1

exit

vlan database

vlan 2

vlan 3

exit

config terminal

interface f0/0

switchport mode trunk

interface f0/2

switchport access vlan 2

interface f0/3

switchport access vlan 3

end

write

---------------------------------------------------------------

sw2:

enable

config terminal

hostname sw2

exit

vlan database

vlan 2

vlan 3

exit

config terminal

interface f0/0

switchport mode trunk

interface f0/2

switchport access vlan 2

interface f0/3

switchport access vlan 3

end

write

------------------------------------------------------------

pc1:

enable

config terminal

no ip routing

hostname pc1

interface f0/0

ip address 192.168.1.20 255.255.255.192

no shutdown

end

write

------------------------------------------------------------

pc2:

enable

config terminal

no ip routing

hostname pc2

interface f0/0

ip address 192.168.1.68 255.255.255.192

no shutdown

end

write

------------------------------------------------------------

pc3:

enable

config terminal

no ip routing

hostname pc3

interface f0/0

ip address 192.168.1.168 255.255.255.192

no shutdown

end

write

------------------------------------------------------------

pc4:

enable

config terminal

no ip routing

hostname pc4

interface f0/0

ip address 192.168.1.200 255.255.255.192

no shutdown

end

write

调试图片:

clip_image016[1]

备注:对于上面两种方式设置静态路由,虽然都能够P通,但是发现一个问题就是第二种方法设置静态路由时候比较麻烦点,而且考虑到vlan的问题…相对来说,第一种方式更加简便,而且容易实现…..

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