xen 的尝试

二、需求分析及参考网页

首先，企业想架设XEN在服务器，且不影响其它服务的性能的前提下，所以在配置虚拟机时domain0应该设置一定的MEMORY；二编译新的内核以支持XEN的半虚拟化的支持；三创建或克隆SLAVEWRE的XEN的镜像，并能够进行像LINUX文本命令的执行；

http://www.tek-life.org/2010/05/20/centos5-4%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85xen/

http://blog.csdn.net/handw/archive/2010/04/22/5515164.aspx

三、安装配置及错误分析

内核的升级与补丁安装

安装需要的软件包

首先最小化安装 CentOS，然后安装编译 Xen 和 Linux xen kernel 所需要的软件包：

# yum groupinstall "Development Tools"

# yum install hmaccalc ncurses-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel python-devel \

bridge-utils libtool-ltdl iasl xorg-x11-drv-evdev xorg-x11-drv-fbdev \

xorg-x11-drv-i810-devel xorg-x11-drv-via-devel xorg-x11-proto-devel \

xorg-x11-server-sdk xorg-x11-xtrans-devel

安装完以上软件包后，剩下的操作就和在 Debian 上编译和安装 Xen 差不多了。

安装 Xen hypervisor 和 tools

到 http://www.xen.org/products/xen_source.html 下载最新的 Xen 源代码，然后解开、编译、安装，标准的 Linux 软件源码安装动作：

$ tar zxvf xen-4.0.0.tar.gz

$ cd xen-4.0.0/

$ make xen tools stubdom

# make install-xen install-tools install-stubdom

上面 make stubdom 的时候会从网上自动下载一些东西

# /sbin/chkconfig --add xend

# /sbin/chkconfig --add xendomains

# /sbin/chkconfig xend on

# /sbin/chkconfig xendomains on

安装 Xen 内核

下载 Linux 内核后给内核打 xen 补丁：

$ cd

$ wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.31.8.tar.bz2

$ tar -xjf linux-2.6.31.8.tar.bz2

$ wget http://gentoo-xen-kernel.googlecode.com/files/

xen-patches-2.6.31-10.tar.bz2

$ mkdir xenpatch-2.6.31.8

$ cd xenpatch-2.6.31.8

$ tar -xjf ../xen-patches-2.6.31-10.tar.bz2

$ cd ..

$ cd linux-2.6.31.8

$ for i in `ls ../xenpatch-2.6.31.8/`; \

do patch -p1 < ../xenpatch-2.6.31.8/"$i"; done

配置带 xen 的 Linux 内核：

$ make menuconfig

Processor type and features --->

[*] Enable Xen compatible kernel

Networking support ---&gt;

Networking options ---&gt;

<*> 802.1d Ethernet Bridging

Device Drivers ---&gt;

XEN ---&gt;

[*] Privileged Guest (domain 0)

Backend driver support

Block-device backend driver

Block-device tap backend driver

Block-device tap backend driver 2

Network-device backend driver

PCI-device backend driver

SCSI backend driver

USB backend driver

<*> Block-device frontend driver

<*> Network-device frontend driver

SCSI frontend driver

USB frontend driver

<*> Framebuffer-device frontend driver

<*> Keyboard-device frontend driver

[*] Disable serial port drivers

<*> Export Xen attributes in sysfs

Xen version compatibility (3.3.0 and later) ---&gt;

3.3.0 and later

配置好内核参数以后，保存并退出，开始编译 Linux 内核：

$ make

$ make modules

# make modules_install

# make install

# /sbin/depmod 2.6.31.8

更新 grub：

# vi /boot/grub/menu.lst

...

title CentOS (2.6.31.8-xen)

root (hd0,0)

kernel /xen-4.0.0.gz

module /vmlinuz-2.6.31.8 ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00

module /initrd-2.6.31.8.img

...

重启系统，确认 Xen 安装成功：

# reboot

# uname -a

Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.31.8 #2 SMP Tue Apr 20 11:19:19 SAST 2010 x86_64 GNU/Linux

# xm list

Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s)

Domain-0 0 3713 4 r----- 36.0

安装错误分析如下

make[8]: *** [iasl] Error 1
make[8]: Leaving directory `/source/xen-4.0.0/tools/firmware/hvmloader/acpi’
make[7]: *** [subdir-all-acpi] Error 2
make[7]: Leaving directory `/source/xen-4.0.0/tools/firmware/hvmloader’
make[6]: *** [subdirs-all] Error 2
make[6]: Leaving directory `/source/xen-4.0.0/tools/firmware/hvmloader’
make[5]: *** [subdir-all-hvmloader] Error 2
make[5]: Leaving directory `/source/xen-4.0.0/tools/firmware’
make[4]: *** [subdirs-all] Error 2
make[4]: Leaving directory `/source/xen-4.0.0/tools/firmware’
make[3]: *** [all] Error 2
make[3]: Leaving directory `/source/xen-4.0.0/tools/firmware’
make[2]: *** [subdir-install-firmware] Error 2
make[2]: Leaving directory `/source/xen-4.0.0/tools’
make[1]: *** [subdirs-install] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/source/xen-4.0.0/tools’
make: *** [install-tools] Error 2

我们注意到，前面其实已经将iasl复制到usr/local/bin下了，在G.cn上搜索了一下，复制后需要改变其权限：

cd compiler ——&gt;make——&gt;cp iasl  /usr/local/bin
chown  root:root  /usr/local/bin/iasl

XEN 安装完成重启不存在XEN的TITLE

因为对grub 2.0的不兼容

只能安装grub0.7

然后grub-install –recheck /dev/sda

RROR: /bin/lvm exited abnormally (pid 326)
mount: error 6 mounting ext3
mount: error 2 mounting none
switchroot: mount failed: 22
umount: /initrd/dev failed: 2
Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!

硬件的问题

install error: No module ehci-hcd found for kernel 2.6.18.8-xen0 (I added the module "EHCI HCD" in buildin Xen0-Kernel)

I looked at the configuration file for my current kernel and found that it had the line:
CONFIG_USB_EHCI_HCD=m

mkinitrd -v -f --with=sd_mod --with=scsi_mod

 

CONFIG_SCSI_BUSLOGIC=M
CONFIG_USB_HCD_UHCI=M
CONFIG_USB_EHCI_HCD=M
CONFIG_USB_OHCI_HCD=M
CONFIG_ATA_PIIX=M

CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED=y
CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED_V2=y

 

No module dm-mem-cache found for kernel 2.6.18-92.1.13.el5, aborting.

--without-dmraid

make

&gt; sh&gt; make modules

&gt; sh&gt; make modules_install

mount: could not find filesystem '/dev/root'

mkinitrd --with=xennet --preload=xenblk initrd.img $(uname -r)

kernel引导结束后，init切换跟分区的时候使用了设备文件/dev/root， 而这个设备文件没有被包含在新生成的initrd文件内，也没有存放在磁盘上.导致切换跟分区失败。

make ARCH=arm menuconfig

ernel Features ---&gt;
            [*] Use the ARM EABI to compile the kernel                  
[*]   Allow old ABI binaries to run with this kernel (EXPERIMENTA)
把这个选上就可以了

xend is not starting

The PVOPS changed how the /proc/xen is exported to user-space. Now it is considered an XenFS filesystem that has to be mounted to be usable. Make sure you have this in /etc/fstab:

xenfs                   /proc/xen               xenfs   defaults        0 0

xm list Unable to connect to xend

/var/log/xen/xend.log
[2007-10-11 16:08:05 6461] INFO (SrvDaemon:226) Xend stopped due to
signal 15.
[2007-10-11 16:10:42 6702] INFO (SrvDaemon:331) Xend Daemon started
[2007-10-11 16:10:42 6702] INFO (SrvDaemon:335) Xend changeset:
unavailable.
[2007-10-11 16:10:42 6702] INFO (SrvDaemon:342) Xend version: Unknown.
[2007-10-11 16:10:42 6702] ERROR (SrvDaemon:353) Exception starting
xend (no element found: line 1, column 0)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/xen/xend/server/SrvDaemon.py",
line 345, in run
    servers = SrvServer.create()
  File "usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/xen/xend/server/SrvServer.py",
line 254, in create
    root.putChild('xend', SrvRoot())
  File "usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/xen/xend/server/SrvRoot.py",
line 40, in __init__
    self.get(name)
  File "usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/xen/web/SrvDir.py", line 82,
in get
    val = val.getobj()
  File "usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/xen/web/SrvDir.py", line 52,
in getobj
    self.obj = klassobj()
  File "usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/xen/xend/server/SrvNode.py",
line 30, in __init__
    self.xn = XendNode.instance()
  File "usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/xen/xend/XendNode.py", line
658, in instance
    inst = XendNode()
  File "usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/xen/xend/XendNode.py", line
60, in __init__
    saved_host = self.state_store.load_state('host')
  File "usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/xen/xend/XendStateStore.py",
line 104, in load_state
    dom = minidom.parse(xml_path)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.4/xml/dom/minidom.py", line 1915, in parse
    return expatbuilder.parse(file)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.4/xml/dom/expatbuilder.py", line 924, in
parse
    result = builder.parseFile(fp)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.4/xml/dom/expatbuilder.py", line 211, in
parseFile
    parser.Parse("", True)
ExpatError: no element found: line 1, column 0

安装libvir

./autogen.sh --prefix=$HOME/usr

make

make install

安装完成后执行 hg debuginstall 时出现了错误：
hg --version
abort: couldn't find mercurial libraries in [/usr/local/bin /usr/lib/python2.6 /usr/lib/python2.6/plat-linux2 /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-tk /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-old /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/PIL /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/gst-0.10 /var/lib/python-support/python2.6 /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/gtk-2.0 /var/lib/python-support/python2.6/gtk-2.0 /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages]
(check your install and PYTHONPATH)
解决方法：
export PYTHONPATH=/usr/local/lib/python2.6/site-packages
或者：

把上面的加到这两个文件中的一个： .bashrc、/etc/profile。

四.注意问题汇总
1,版本问题是linux的最头疼的问题
2,务必使用最新版本（包括：Fedora, Xen, 及各种软件）
3,坚决使用root权限安装
4,深刻理解linux的标准文件系统目录结构
5,高版本的内核环境中不能编译低版本的内核，即使编译成功，也不能启动
6,Fedora Core 6 切忌不要选择virtualization，否则就被安装为FC6-XEN
7,划分分区时，一定要预先估算可能占用的容量，尤其是编译时可能产生大量中间结果
8,安装FC时务必关闭防火墙，包括iptables和SELinux

xen 的配置

Pre-requisites

• python &gt;= 2.4 - virt-manager is written in Python!
• pygtk2 &gt;= 1.99.12-6 - the Python GTK2 bindings are used for the UI
• gnome-python2-gconf &gt;= 1.99.11-7 - GConf stores application preferences
• libvirt-python &gt;= 0.4.0 - libVirt is for talking to Xen, QEMU, KVM and other virtualization backensd
• dbus-python &gt;= 0.61 - optionally expose a service on the bus for control of the UI
• gnome-python-desktop &gt;= 2.15.4 - optionally store VNC server passwords in GNOME keyring
• libxml2-python &gt;= 2.6.23 - used to parse XML from libvirt
• vte &gt;= 0.12.2 - for displaying / interacting with the serial console
• virtinst &gt;= 0.300.3 - python library for assisting in creating VMs
• gtk-vnc-python &gt;= 0.3.4 - GTK widget for displaying VNC sessions

配置

打开 Xen 的配置文件，注释掉 (network-script network-bridge) 一行，然后加上下面一行：

# vi /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp   #(network-script network-bridge) (network-script network-multi-bridge)

然后创建一个 network-multi-bridge 脚本，用来2次执行 network-bridge 脚本：

# vi etc/xen/scripts/network-multi-bridge   #!/bin/sh dir=$(dirname "$0") "$dir/network-bridge" "$@" vifnum=0 bridge=xenbr0 netdev=eth0 "$dir/network-bridge" "$@" vifnum=1 bridge=xenbr1 netdev=eth1

重启 Xen 服务使配置生效：

# /etc/init.d/xend restart

"Unable to open a connection to the Xen hypervisor/daemon. Verify that
- a xen host kernel was booted
- the xen service has been started

When you install Xen. You will need to configure xend using the file /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp
In this file search for the following line:
#(xend-unix-server no)
uncomment it and change it to: (xend-unix-server yes)
If you want to connect to xend through http then you should uncomment and change the (xend-http-server no) to 'yes'. (This has security concerns and its not safe)

http://imcsx.com/archives/104.html

· 如果你装好的 Xen 不能正常启动，提示：

Panic on CPU 0:

IO-APIC : timer doesn't work!

或者卡在 “qc timeout”、“failed to IDENTIFY” 类似这种消息：

scsi0 : sata_sil

sata1: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)

sata1.00: qc timeout (cmd 0xec)

sata1.00: failed to IDENTIFY (I/O error, err_mask=0x4)

时，那么可以参考一下我的 grub.conf：

kernel /boot/xen.gz noapic
module /boot/kernel-2.6.18-xen0 root=/dev/md2 console=tty1 pci=noacpi

· 在建立好一个 domU 的配置文件后，需要按照把 stage3 安装包解压到配置中指定的 root 分区中，否则会出现类似如下的错误：

VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem) readonly.
Freeing unused kernel memory: 136k freed
Warning: unable to open an initial console.
Kernel panic - not syncing: No init found. Try passing init= option to kernel.

extra = "TERM=xterm xencons=tty console=tty1"

否则你会发现 domU 启动到一定阶段后会停滞不动的假死现象：

kjournald starting. Commit interval 5 seconds
EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode.
VFS: Mounted root (ext3 filesystem) readonly.
Freeing unused kernel memory: 136k freed
（以下不再输出）

slaveware 的配置文件如下

kernel = “/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18.8-xen”

kernek =128

name = “slackware”

vif = [‘ip=192.168.122.3’]

netmask = “255.255.255.0”

hostname = “slackname”

disk = [‘file:/root/xen/slackware.11-0.img.sda,w’,’file:/rootxen/slackware.swap,sda2,w’]

root = “/dev/sda1 rw”

extra =” TERM=xterm xencons=tty console=tty1”

对/boot/grub/grub.conf的配置文件的如下

Title Xen3.4.0 (2.6.18.8)

Root (hd0,2)

kernel /boot/xen-3.4.0.gz dom0_mem=512M loglvl=all guest_loglvl=all

module /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18.8-xen ro root=/de/sda3 console=ttyS0 console=tty0 pci=noacpi

module /boot/initrd=2.6.18.8-xen.img

升级python-lib .因为我安装的 virtul-manager是0.8.4