Calabash+Gearman实现多手机同步测试机制

摘要：

Calabash-android是支持android的UI自动化测试框架，但不支持多手机同步测试。本文介绍如何利用任务分发系统Gearman的消息同步机制，配合Gearman实现多手机同步测试机制。

背景介绍

Calabash-android是支持android的UI自动化测试框架。
http://www.oschina.net/p/calabash-android

Gearman是一个分发任务的程序框架，可以用在各种场合，与Hadoop相比，Gearman更偏向于任务分发功能。它的 任务分布非常 简单，简单得可以只需要用脚本即可完成。
http://www.oschina.net/p/gearman

Ubuntu上安装Gearman

$ sudo apt-get install gearman-job-server
$ gearmand -V

gearmand 1.0.6 - https://bugs.launchpad.net/gearmand 

$ sudo apt-get install gearman-tools
$ gearman -H

启动gearman job server，作为后台服务运行:

$ sudo gearmand -d

多手机同步测试举例

假设要测试微信的发送消息功能，calabash的测试用例可以按如下方式撰写：

AA-send-message-to-BB–role-AA.feature：

Feature: 微信测试发送消息给好友-角色A

  Scenario: 微信测试发送消息给好友
    ...打开微信软件，作为帐号A登录，进入与好友B的聊天窗口
    When I send weixin message "A说，你好！"   # 微信聊天窗口中发送消息
    And  I send sync message "A说，你好！" to role "BB"
    Then I see "A说，你好！"  #我能看到自己说的话

    When I wait sync message $AA_sync_1 as role "AA"
    Then I see $AA_sync_1 #我能看到对方说的话
    ...

AA-send-message-to-BB–role-BB.feature：

Feature: 微信测试发送消息给好友-角色B

  Scenario: 微信测试发送消息给好友
    ...打开微信软件，作为帐号B登录，进入与好友A的聊天窗口
    When I wait sync message $BB_sync_1 as role "BB"
    Then I see $BB_sync_1  #我能看到对方说的话

    When I send weixin message "B说，你好！"   # 微信聊天窗口中发送消息
    And  I send sync message "B说，你好！" to role "AA"
    Then I see "B说，你好！"  #我能看到自己说的话
    ...

命令行终端1中运行AA-send-message-to-BB–role-AA.feature

$ export ADB_DEVICE_ARG=HTC-G9
$ export GEARMAN_JOB_SERVER=localhost

$ calabash-android run weixin.apk -r features/ features/AA-send-message-to-BB--role-AA.feature

命令行终端2中运行AA-send-message-to-BB–role-BB.feature

$ export ADB_DEVICE_ARG=HWAWEI-P7
$ export GEARMAN_JOB_SERVER=localhost

$ calabash-android run weixin.apk -r features/ features/AA-send-message-to-BB--role-BB.feature

calabash中封装gearman命令实现同步机制

sync_step.rb:

# encoding: utf-8
require 'calabash-android/calabash_steps'

When /^I wait sync message \$([^\$]*) as role "([^\"]*)"$/ do |msg_ev, role|
  gearman_job_server=ENV["GEARMAN_JOB_SERVER"]
  fail "环境变量::GEARMAN_JOB_SERVER::未定义！ 设置方法: export GEARMAN_JOB_SERVER=localhost" if ( gearman_job_server == nil)
  uuid=`uuidgen`.strip  
  cmd="gearman -h #{gearman_job_server} -t 30000 -w -c 1 -f receiver_#{role} -- tee /tmp/#{role}-#{uuid}; cat /tmp/#{role}-#{uuid}"
  puts "角色#{role}准备执行命令：#{cmd}"

  message=`#{cmd}`.strip
  fail "未收到同步消息" if ( message == "" )
  ENV[msg_ev]=message
  puts "角色#{role}接收到同步消息: #{ENV[msg_ev]}"
end

When /^I send sync message "([^\"]*)" to role "([^\"]*)"$/ do |msg, role|
  gearman_job_server=ENV["GEARMAN_JOB_SERVER"]
  fail "环境变量::GEARMAN_JOB_SERVER::未定义！ 设置方法: export GEARMAN_JOB_SERVER=localhost" if ( gearman_job_server == nil)
  fail "sync message 为空" if ( msg == "" )
  cmd="echo '#{msg}' | gearman -h #{gearman_job_server} -t 30000 -f receiver_#{role}"
  puts "角色#{role}准备执行命令：#{cmd}"

  response=`#{cmd}`.strip
  fail "发送同步消息失败" if ( response != msg )
  puts "发送同步消息给角色#{role}: #{msg}"
end

When /^I send sync message \$([^\$]*) to role "([^\"]*)"$/ do |msg_ev, role|
  gearman_job_server=ENV["GEARMAN_JOB_SERVER"]
  fail "环境变量::GEARMAN_JOB_SERVER::未定义！ 设置方法: export GEARMAN_JOB_SERVER=localhost" if ( gearman_job_server == nil)
  msg=ENV[msg_ev]
  response=`echo "${msg}" | gearman -h #{gearman_job_server} -f receiver_#{role}`
  fail "发送同步消息失败" if ( response != msg )
  puts "发送同步消息给角色#{role}: #{msg}"
end

calabash_steps.rb：

# encoding: utf-8
require 'calabash-android/calabash_steps'

Then /^I see \$([^\$]*)$/ do |text_ev|
  text = ENV[text_ev]
  steps %{
   Then I see "#{text}"
  }
end