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标题：Oracle 12C的第一次异常恢复—文件头坏块
作者：惜分飞©版权所有[文章允许转载,但必须以链接方式注明源地址,否则追究法律责任.]
接到第一个使用Oracle 12C作为生产库的恢复救援.有两个业务数据文件报文件头损坏,其他数据文件全部是9月份的一次备份,在当前的条件下,希望我们能够帮他们恢复出来业务文件中的数据
数据库版本信息
SQL>
select
*
from
v$version;
BANNER CON_ID
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
Oracle
Database
12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production 0
PL/SQL Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production 0
CORE 12.1.0.1.0 Production 0
TNS
for
Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production 0
NLSRTL Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production 0
|
数据库故障
具体脚本请参考:数据库恢复检查脚本(Oracle Database Recovery Check)
控制文件信息
控制文件中关于数据文件信息
数据文件头信息
alert日志报错
Reading datafile
'/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales.dbf'
for
corruption at rdba: 0x00000001 (
file
4, block 1)
Reread (
file
4, block 1) found same corrupt data (no logical check)
Hex dump of (
file
5, block 1)
in
trace
file
/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/valuenet/valuenet/trace/valuenet_ora_12384
.trc
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00000001 (
file
5, block 1)
Fractured block found during kcvxfh v8
Data
in
bad block:
type
: 0
format
: 2 rdba: 0x00000001
last change scn: 0x0000.00000000
seq
: 0x1 flg: 0x05
spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
consistency value
in
tail
: 0x00000001
check value
in
block header: 0xa701
computed block checksum: 0x0
Reading datafile
'/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200'
for
corruption at rdba: 0x00000001 (
file
5, block 1)
Reread (
file
5, block 1) found same corrupt data (no logical check)
Hex dump of (
file
4, block 1)
in
trace
file
/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/valuenet/valuenet/trace/valuenet_ora_12384
.trc
Corrupt block relative dba: 0x00000001 (
file
4, block 1)
Fractured block found during kcvxfh v8
Data
in
bad block:
type
: 0
format
: 2 rdba: 0x00000001
last change scn: 0x0000.00000000
seq
: 0x1 flg: 0x05
spare1: 0x0 spare2: 0x0 spare3: 0x0
consistency value
in
tail
: 0x00000001
check value
in
block header: 0xa701
computed block checksum: 0x0
|
odu无法识别异常文件
[oracle@db odu]$ .
/odu
Oracle Data Unloader trial version 4.1.3
Copyright (c) 2008,2009,2010,2011 XiongJun. All rights reserved.
loading default config.......
byte_order little
block_size 8192
db_timezone -7
Invalid db timezone:-7
client_timezone 8
Invalid client timezone:8
asmfile_extract_path
/home/oracle/hongye/odu/data
data_path
/home/oracle/hongye/odu/data
lob_path
/home/oracle/hongye/odu/data
charset_name ZHS16GBK
ncharset_name AL16UTF16
output_form dmp
error at line 10.
lob_storage infile
clob_byte_order big
trace_level 1
delimiter |
unload_deleted
yes
file_header_offset 0
is_tru64 no
record_row_addr no
convert_clob_charset
yes
load config
file
'config.txt'
successful
loading default asm disk
file
......
can not
open
file
'asmdisk.txt'
, error message:No such
file
or directory.
loading default control
file
......
unknown
file
format
'/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales.dbf'
unknown
file
format
'/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200'
ts
# fn rfn bsize blocks bf offset filename
---- ---- ---- ----- -------- -- ------ --------------------------------------------
1 1 1 8192 194560 N 0
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/system01
.dbf
6 2 10 8192 45840 N 0
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/example01
.dbf
1 3 3 8192 907520 N 0
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sysaux01
.dbf
4 1024 10 8192 0 N 0
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales
.dbf
5 1024 9 8192 0 N 0
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200
4 6 6 8192 128320 N 0
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/users01
.dbf
7 7 7 8192 780288 N 0
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/undotbs03
.dbf
11 8 8 8192 25600 N 0
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/indx01
.dbf
load control
file
'control.txt'
successful
loading dictionary data......
done
loading scanned data......
done
|
dul无法识别异常文件
[oracle@db dul]$ .
/dul
Data UnLoader: 10.2.0.5.32 - Internal Only - on Sun Nov 2 23:34:42 2014
with 64-bit io functions
Copyright (c) 1994 2014 Bernard van Duijnen All rights reserved.
Strictly Oracle Internal Use Only
DUL: Warning:
ulimit
process stack size is only 33554432
Found db_id = 270587870
Found db_name = VALUENET
DUL: Warning: Cannot verify
file
number
for
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales
.dbf
DUL: Warning: First four bytes(76 162 0 0) of block 2 are not the start of a proper data block header
DUL: Warning: Block corruption or configuration error
DUL: Warning: Check db_block_size and
/or
osd_file_leader_size and
/or
file
offset
DUL: Error: File Number can only be zero
for
Single Tablespace Datafiles
DUL: Warning: Cannot verify
file
number
for
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200
DUL: Warning: First four bytes(76 162 0 0) of block 2 are not the start of a proper data block header
DUL: Warning: Block corruption or configuration error
DUL: Warning: Check db_block_size and
/or
osd_file_leader_size and
/or
file
offset
DUL: Error: File Number can only be zero
for
Single Tablespace Datafiles
DUL> show datafiles;
ts
# rf# start blocks offs open err file name
0 1 0 194561 0 1 0
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/system01
.dbf
1 3 0 907521 0 1 0
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sysaux01
.dbf
4 6 0 128321 0 1 0
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/users01
.dbf
7 7 0 780289 0 1 0
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/undotbs03
.dbf
11 8 0 25601 0 1 0
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/indx01
.dbf
6 10 0 45841 0 1 0
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/example01
.dbf
|
该异常文件使用dul/odu均无法正常识别.证明文件头确实已经损坏
dbv 检测
[oracle@db trace]$ dbv
file
=
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200
DBVERIFY: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Nov 2 14:08:34 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and
/or
its affiliates. All rights reserved.
DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE =
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Pages Examined : 194560
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 114596
Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0
Total Pages Processed (Index): 26198
Total Pages Failing (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 37787
Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 1
Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0
Total Pages Empty : 15979
Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 0
Total Pages Influx : 0
Total Pages Encrypted : 0
Highest block SCN : 129603862 (0.129603862)
[oracle@db ~]$ dbv
file
=
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales
.dbf
DBVERIFY: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Nov 2 23:12:05 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and
/or
its affiliates. All rights reserved.
DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE =
/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales
.dbf
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Pages Examined : 655360
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 294938
Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0
Total Pages Processed (Index): 233404
Total Pages Failing (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Lob) : 38
Total Pages Failing (Lob) : 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 23252
Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0
Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0
Total Pages Empty : 103728
Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 0
Total Pages Influx : 0
Total Pages Encrypted : 0
Highest block SCN : 134665298 (0.134665298)
|
dbv检测结果无坏块,但是v$datafile_header和alert日志中报坏块,初步判断是由于该文件是bigfile,dbv未检测到文件头坏块,实际该该数据文件头损坏，其他block正常.所幸的是该库有9月份的rman备份(中间归档丢失),因此使用rman还原出来9月份的数据文件,然后使用dd拷贝两个 block(block 0和block 1)到异常文件.
[root@db freetouch]
# dd if=/app1/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales.dbf bs=8192 count=2 of=/tmp/odu/sales.2
2+0 records
in
2+0 records out
16384 bytes (16 kB) copied, 0.0176368 s, 929 kB
/s
[root@db freetouch]
# dd if=/tmp/odu/sales.2 of=/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales.dbf bs=8192 count=2 conv=notrunc
2+0 records
in
2+0 records out
16384 bytes (16 kB) copied, 6.4281e-05 s, 255 MB
/s
[root@db freetouch]
# dd if=/app1/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200 bs=8192 count=2 of=/tmp/odu/drp_200200.2
2+0 records
in
2+0 records out
16384 bytes (16 kB) copied, 0.0185934 s, 881 kB
/s
[root@db freetouch]
# dd if=/tmp/odu/drp_200200.2 of=/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/drp_200200 bs=8192 count=2 conv=notrunc
2+0 records
in
2+0 records out
16384 bytes (16 kB) copied, 6.4419e-05 s, 254 MB
/s
|
尝试恢复数据库
SQL> recover
database
;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due
to
errors
ORA-01610: recovery using the BACKUP CONTROLFILE
option
must be done
SQL> recover
database
using backup controlfile;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due
to
errors
ORA-19909: datafile 4 belongs
to
an orphan incarnation
ORA-01110: data file 4:
'/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/sales.dbf'
|
使用bbed修改相关文件头,然后继续恢复
具体见：bbed解决ORA-01190类似方法处理
SQL> recover
database
using backup controlfile;
ORA-00279: change 129603904 generated
at
11/02/2014 19:19:54 needed
for
thread
1
ORA-00289: suggestion :
/app/oracle/recovery_area/VALUENET/archivelog/2014_11_02/o1_mf_1_1_%u_.arc
ORA-00280: change 129603904
for
thread 1
is
in
sequence
#1
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel;
ORA-00308: cannot
open
archived log
'cancel;'
ORA-27037: unable
to
obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2:
No
such file
or
directory
Additional information: 3
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel
Media recovery cancelled.
SQL>
alter
database
open
resetlogs;
alter
database
open
resetlogs
*
ERROR
at
line 1:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [129603911], [0],
[129603913], [29360256], [], [], [], [], [], []
Process ID: 19881
Session ID: 1 Serial number: 3
|
出现ORA-600[2662]错误,因为scn相差比较小，重启数据库机器,出现ORA-600[4194]错误
SQL> startup pfile=
'/tmp/pfile.txt'
mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System
Global
Area 2505338880 bytes
Fixed
Size
2291472 bytes
Variable
Size
973080816 bytes
Database
Buffers 1526726656 bytes
Redo Buffers 3239936 bytes
Database
mounted.
SQL>
alter
database
open
;
alter
database
open
*
ERROR
at
line 1:
ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 1:
'/app/oracle/oradata/freetouch/system01.dbf'
SQL> recover
database
;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due
to
errors
ORA-16433: The
database
or
pluggable
database
must be opened
in
read
/write
mode.
|
重建控制文件后继续恢复
SQL>
alter
database
open
resetlogs;
alter
database
open
resetlogs
*
ERROR
at
line 1:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [4194], [46], [19], [], [], [], [],
[], [], [], [], []
Process ID: 20351
Session ID: 1 Serial number: 3
|
设置undo_management=MANUAL然后继续恢复
[oracle@db tmp]$ sqlplus /
as
sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production
on
Sun Nov 2 19:29:45 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.
All
rights reserved.
Connected
to
an idle instance.
SQL> startup pfile=
'/tmp/pfile.txt'
ORACLE instance started.
Total System
Global
Area 2505338880 bytes
Fixed
Size
2291472 bytes
Variable
Size
973080816 bytes
Database
Buffers 1526726656 bytes
Redo Buffers 3239936 bytes
Database
mounted.
Database
opened.
|
这次的恢复也证明Oracle 12C确实有着越来越多的用户在使用.