Oracle的在线重定义(将普通表转为分区表ora9i以上版本)
1、创建表
SQL
>
CREATE
TABLE
T (ID
NUMBER
PRIMARY
KEY
, TIME DATE);
2、插入数据
SQL
>
INSERT
INTO
T
SELECT
ROWNUM, CREATED
FROM
DBA_OBJECTS;
SQL > COMMIT ;
SQL > COMMIT ;
3、在线重定义的表自行验证,看该表是否可以重定义,
SQL
>
EXEC
DBMS_REDEFINITION.CAN_REDEF_TABLE(
user
,
'
T
'
, DBMS_REDEFINITION.CONS_USE_PK);
(如果没有定义主键会提示以下错误信息
begin dbms_redefinition.can_redef_table( user , ' pft_party_profit_detail ' ); end ;
ORA - 12089 : cannot online redefine table "OFSA"."PFT_PARTY_PROFIT_DETAIL" with no primary key
ORA - 06512 : at "SYS.DBMS_REDEFINITION", line 8
ORA - 06512 : at "SYS.DBMS_REDEFINITION", line 247
ORA - 06512 : at line 1
出错了, 该表上缺少主键,为该表建主键。再执行验证。
SQL > alter table t add constraint pk_t primary key (id);
Table altered)
(如果没有定义主键会提示以下错误信息
begin dbms_redefinition.can_redef_table( user , ' pft_party_profit_detail ' ); end ;
ORA - 12089 : cannot online redefine table "OFSA"."PFT_PARTY_PROFIT_DETAIL" with no primary key
ORA - 06512 : at "SYS.DBMS_REDEFINITION", line 8
ORA - 06512 : at "SYS.DBMS_REDEFINITION", line 247
ORA - 06512 : at line 1
出错了, 该表上缺少主键,为该表建主键。再执行验证。
SQL > alter table t add constraint pk_t primary key (id);
Table altered)
4、建个和源表表结构一样的分区表,作为中间表。按日期范围分区
SQL
>
CREATE
TABLE
T_NEW (ID
NUMBER
PRIMARY
KEY
, TIME DATE) PARTITION
BY
RANGE (TIME)
(PARTITION P1 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2004-7-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )),
PARTITION P2 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2005-1-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )),
PARTITION P3 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2005-7-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )),
PARTITION P4 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE));
这里值得注意的一个问题是:PARTITION P4 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))是把所有剩下的数据分在一个区里,如果你想一个月建一个分区,那最好写成这样,提前建好,目前我还不知道能不能自动建,如果哪位知道请告知我,谢谢
SQL > CREATE TABLE T_NEW (ID NUMBER PRIMARY KEY , TIME DATE) PARTITION BY RANGE (TIME)
(PARTITION P20070201 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2007-2-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )),
PARTITION P20070301 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2005-3-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )),
PARTITION P20070401 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2005-4-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )),
PARTITION P20070501 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2005-5-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )),
PARTITION P20070601 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2005-6-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )));
(PARTITION P1 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2004-7-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )),
PARTITION P2 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2005-1-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )),
PARTITION P3 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2005-7-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )),
PARTITION P4 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE));
这里值得注意的一个问题是:PARTITION P4 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE))是把所有剩下的数据分在一个区里,如果你想一个月建一个分区,那最好写成这样,提前建好,目前我还不知道能不能自动建,如果哪位知道请告知我,谢谢
SQL > CREATE TABLE T_NEW (ID NUMBER PRIMARY KEY , TIME DATE) PARTITION BY RANGE (TIME)
(PARTITION P20070201 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2007-2-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )),
PARTITION P20070301 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2005-3-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )),
PARTITION P20070401 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2005-4-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )),
PARTITION P20070501 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2005-5-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )),
PARTITION P20070601 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE( ' 2005-6-1 ' , ' YYYY-MM-DD ' )));
5、执行表的在线重定义:
SQL
>
EXEC
DBMS_REDEFINITION.START_REDEF_TABLE(
USER
,
'
T
'
,
'
T_NEW
'
);
6、执行把中间表的内容和数据源表进行同步。
SQL
>
execute
dbms_redefinition.sync_interim_table(
user
,
'
t
'
,
'
t_new
'
);
7、执行结束在线定义过程
SQL
>
EXEC
DBMS_REDEFINITION.FINISH_REDEF_TABLE(
user
,
'
T
'
,
'
T_NEW
'
);
8、查看数据字典,可以看到改表已经成为了分区表。
SQL
>
SELECT
COUNT
(
*
)
FROM
T;
COUNT ( * )
-- --------
6264
SQL > SELECT COUNT ( * ) FROM T PARTITION (P2);
COUNT ( * )
-- --------
6246
SQL > SELECT COUNT ( * ) FROM T PARTITION (P3);
COUNT ( * )
-- --------
COUNT ( * )
-- --------
6264
SQL > SELECT COUNT ( * ) FROM T PARTITION (P2);
COUNT ( * )
-- --------
6246
SQL > SELECT COUNT ( * ) FROM T PARTITION (P3);
COUNT ( * )
-- --------
至此普通表转为分区操作完成
9、如果执行在线重定义的过程中出错
可以在执行dbms_redefinition.start_redef_table之后到执行dbms_redefinition.finish_redef_table之前的时间里执行:DBMS_REDEFINITION.abort_redef_table(
user
,
'
t
'
,
'
t_new
'
)以放弃执行在线重定义。
10、如果出现以下错误:
SQL
>
exec
dbms_redefinition.can_redef_table(
user
,
'
t
'
);
BEGIN dbms_redefinition.can_redef_table( user , ' t ' ); END ;
*
ERROR at line 1 :
ORA - 12091 : cannot online redefine table " user "."t" with
materialized views
ORA - 06512 : at "SYS.DBMS_REDEFINITION", line 137
ORA - 06512 : at "SYS.DBMS_REDEFINITION", line 1478
ORA - 06512 : at line 1
用这句删除materialized view 即可继续进行
drop materialized view log on < tablename > ;
drop materialized view log on t;
OR drop materialized t;
BEGIN dbms_redefinition.can_redef_table( user , ' t ' ); END ;
*
ERROR at line 1 :
ORA - 12091 : cannot online redefine table " user "."t" with
materialized views
ORA - 06512 : at "SYS.DBMS_REDEFINITION", line 137
ORA - 06512 : at "SYS.DBMS_REDEFINITION", line 1478
ORA - 06512 : at line 1
用这句删除materialized view 即可继续进行
drop materialized view log on < tablename > ;
drop materialized view log on t;
OR drop materialized t;
详细原理请查看:
Oracle的在线重定义表功能:http://tb.blog.csdn.net/TrackBack.aspx?PostId=900018
Oracle的在线重定义表功能(二):http://blog.itpub.net/post/468/12962