图2(同时其活动正在运行)的片段的生命周期。
public static class ExampleFragment extends Fragment { @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { // Inflate the layout for this fragment return inflater.inflate(R.layout.example_fragment, container, false); } }
inflate()
方法有三个参数:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <fragment android:name="com.example.news.ArticleListFragment" android:id="@+id/list" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" /> <fragment android:name="com.example.news.ArticleReaderFragment" android:id="@+id/viewer" android:layout_weight="2" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="match_parent" /> </LinearLayout>
FragmentManager fragmentManager =getFragmentManager()
FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
;
ExampleFragment fragment = new ExampleFragment(); fragmentTransaction.add(R.id.fragment_container, fragment); fragmentTransaction.commit();
FragmentManager fragmentManager =getFragmentManager()
FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
;
// Create new fragment and transaction Fragment newFragment = new ExampleFragment(); FragmentTransaction transaction = getFragmentManager().beginTransaction(); // Replace whatever is in the fragment_container view with this fragment, // and add the transaction to the back stack transaction.replace(R.id.fragment_container, newFragment); transaction.addToBackStack(null); // Commit the transaction transaction.commit();
View listView =getActivity()
.findViewById
(R.id.list);
ExampleFragment fragment = (ExampleFragment) getFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.example_fragment);
public static class FragmentA extends ListFragment { ... // Container Activity must implement this interface public interface OnArticleSelectedListener { public void onArticleSelected(Uri articleUri); } ... }
public static class FragmentA extends ListFragment { OnArticleSelectedListener mListener; ... @Override public void onAttach(Activity activity) { super.onAttach(activity); try { mListener = (OnArticleSelectedListener) activity; } catch (ClassCastException e) { throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString() + " must implement OnArticleSelectedListener"); } } ... }
public static class FragmentA extends ListFragment {
OnArticleSelectedListener mListener;
...
@Override
public void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {
// Append the clicked item's row ID with the content provider Uri
Uri noteUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId
(ArticleColumns.CONTENT_URI, id);
// Send the event and Uri to the host activity
mListener.onArticleSelected(noteUri);
}
...
}
@Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.fragment_layout); }
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <fragment class="com.example.android.apis.app.FragmentLayout$TitlesFragment" android:id="@+id/titles" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_width="0px" android:layout_height="match_parent" /> <FrameLayout android:id="@+id/details" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_width="0px" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:background="?android:attr/detailsElementBackground" /> </LinearLayout>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <fragment class="com.example.android.apis.app.FragmentLayout$TitlesFragment" android:id="@+id/titles" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" /> </FrameLayout>
public static class TitlesFragment extends ListFragment { boolean mDualPane; int mCurCheckPosition = 0; @Override public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState); // Populate list with our static array of titles. setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(getActivity(), android.R.layout.simple_list_item_activated_1, Shakespeare.TITLES)); // Check to see if we have a frame in which to embed the details // fragment directly in the containing UI. View detailsFrame = getActivity().findViewById(R.id.details); mDualPane = detailsFrame != null && detailsFrame.getVisibility() == View.VISIBLE; if (savedInstanceState != null) { // Restore last state for checked position. mCurCheckPosition = savedInstanceState.getInt("curChoice", 0); } if (mDualPane) { // In dual-pane mode, the list view highlights the selected item. getListView().setChoiceMode(ListView.CHOICE_MODE_SINGLE); // Make sure our UI is in the correct state. showDetails(mCurCheckPosition); } } @Override public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) { super.onSaveInstanceState(outState); outState.putInt("curChoice", mCurCheckPosition); } @Override public void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) { showDetails(position); } /** * Helper function to show the details of a selected item, either by * displaying a fragment in-place in the current UI, or starting a * whole new activity in which it is displayed. */ void showDetails(int index) { mCurCheckPosition = index; if (mDualPane) { // We can display everything in-place with fragments, so update // the list to highlight the selected item and show the data. getListView().setItemChecked(index, true); // Check what fragment is currently shown, replace if needed. DetailsFragment details = (DetailsFragment) getFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.details); if (details == null || details.getShownIndex() != index) { // Make new fragment to show this selection. details = DetailsFragment.newInstance(index); // Execute a transaction, replacing any existing fragment // with this one inside the frame. FragmentTransaction ft = getFragmentManager().beginTransaction(); if (index == 0) { ft.replace(R.id.details, details); } else { ft.replace(R.id.a_item, details); } ft.setTransition(FragmentTransaction.TRANSIT_FRAGMENT_FADE); ft.commit(); } } else { // Otherwise we need to launch a new activity to display // the dialog fragment with selected text. Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setClass(getActivity(), DetailsActivity.class); intent.putExtra("index", index); startActivity(intent); } }}
The second fragment,
DetailsFragment
shows the play summary for the item selected from the list fromTitlesFragment
:public static class DetailsFragment extends Fragment { /** * Create a new instance of DetailsFragment, initialized to * show the text at 'index'. */ public static DetailsFragment newInstance(int index) { DetailsFragment f = new DetailsFragment(); // Supply index input as an argument. Bundle args = new Bundle(); args.putInt("index", index); f.setArguments(args); return f; } public int getShownIndex() { return getArguments().getInt("index", 0); } @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { if (container == null) { // We have different layouts, and in one of them this // fragment's containing frame doesn't exist. The fragment // may still be created from its saved state, but there is // no reason to try to create its view hierarchy because it // won't be displayed. Note this is not needed -- we could // just run the code below, where we would create and return // the view hierarchy; it would just never be used. return null; } ScrollView scroller = new ScrollView(getActivity()); TextView text = new TextView(getActivity()); int padding = (int)TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, 4, getActivity().getResources().getDisplayMetrics()); text.setPadding(padding, padding, padding, padding); scroller.addView(text); text.setText(Shakespeare.DIALOGUE[getShownIndex()]); return scroller; } }Recall from the
TitlesFragment
class, that, if the user clicks a list item and the current layout does not include theR.id.details
view (which is where theDetailsFragment
belongs), then the application starts theDetailsActivity
activity to display the content of the item.Here is the
DetailsActivity
, which simply embeds theDetailsFragment
to display the selected play summary when the screen is in portrait orientation:public static class DetailsActivity extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); if (getResources().getConfiguration().orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) { // If the screen is now in landscape mode, we can show the // dialog in-line with the list so we don't need this activity. finish(); return; } if (savedInstanceState == null) { // During initial setup, plug in the details fragment. DetailsFragment details = new DetailsFragment(); details.setArguments(getIntent().getExtras()); getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(android.R.id.content, details).commit(); } } }The second fragment, DetailsFragment shows the play summary for the item selected from the list from TitlesFragment:
public static class DetailsFragment extends Fragment {
/**
* Create a new instance of DetailsFragment, initialized to
* show the text at 'index'.
*/
public static DetailsFragment newInstance(int index) {
DetailsFragment f = new DetailsFragment();
// Supply index input as an argument.
Bundle args = new Bundle();
args.putInt("index", index);
f.setArguments(args);
return f;
}
public int getShownIndex() {
return getArguments().getInt("index", 0);
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
if (container == null) {
// We have different layouts, and in one of them this
// fragment's containing frame doesn't exist. The fragment
// may still be created from its saved state, but there is
// no reason to try to create its view hierarchy because it
// won't be displayed. Note this is not needed -- we could
// just run the code below, where we would create and return
// the view hierarchy; it would just never be used.
return null;
}
ScrollView scroller = new ScrollView(getActivity());
TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
int padding = (int)TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP,
4, getActivity().getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
text.setPadding(padding, padding, padding, padding);
scroller.addView(text);
text.setText(Shakespeare.DIALOGUE[getShownIndex()]);
return scroller;
}
}
Recall from the TitlesFragment class, that, if the user clicks a list item and the current layout does not include the R.id.details view (which is where the DetailsFragment belongs), then the application starts the DetailsActivity activity to display the content of the item.
Here is the DetailsActivity, which simply embeds the DetailsFragment to display the selected play summary when the screen is in portrait orientation:
public static class DetailsActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
if (getResources().getConfiguration().orientation
== Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) {
// If the screen is now in landscape mode, we can show the
// dialog in-line with the list so we don't need this activity.
finish();
return;
}
if (savedInstanceState == null) {
// During initial setup, plug in the details fragment.
DetailsFragment details = new DetailsFragment();
details.setArguments(getIntent().getExtras());
getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(android.R.id.content, details).commit();
}
}
}