这里主要说两个方法,
1:set(T value)
2:get()
首先我们应该知道,每个线程Thread中都有一个对象ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap threadLocals = null;,这个可以从java源码中看到。
我们看set()的源码如下:
public void set(T value) { Thread t = Thread.currentThread(); ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t); if (map != null) map.set(this, value); else createMap(t, value); }
首先得到当前线程引用,然后得到当前线程的ThreadLocalMap,如果为空则创建,
void createMap(Thread t, T firstValue) { t.threadLocals = new ThreadLocalMap(this, firstValue); }
ThreadLocalMap(ThreadLocal firstKey, Object firstValue) { table = new Entry[INITIAL_CAPACITY]; int i = firstKey.threadLocalHashCode & (INITIAL_CAPACITY - 1); table[i] = new Entry(firstKey, firstValue); size = 1; setThreshold(INITIAL_CAPACITY); }
注意这一行,table[i] = new Entry(firstKey, firstValue);它把ThreadLocal对象作为key,把线程引用作为value存入到ThreadLocalMap中。
然后我们看get()方法:
public T get() { Thread t = Thread.currentThread(); ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t); if (map != null) { ThreadLocalMap.Entry e = map.getEntry(this); if (e != null) return (T)e.value; } return setInitialValue(); }
同样是得到当前线程引用,然后再得到当前线程的ThreadLocalMap,并从中找到以当前ThreadLocal为key的value,即上面set()方法中存入的值。
我们一般的用法是:
定义一个静态变量private final static ThreadLocal<Port> portCurrent = new ThreadLocal<>();
当线程启动时通过portCurrent.set(this)以portCurrent 为key把当前线程存入当前线程的ThreadLocalMap中,而在当前线程运行的其它地方通过portCurrent.get()方法,很容易就能得到当前线程的对象引用。
示例如下:
package myapp; public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { Thread t1 = new Thread(new T()); Thread t2 = new Thread(new T()); t1.start(); t2.start(); T t = T.local.get(); if(t == null){ System.out.println("t is null;"); } } } class T implements Runnable{ public static ThreadLocal<T> local = new ThreadLocal<T>(); public T(){ } public void paint(){ T t = local.get(); System.out.println(t.toString()); } @Override public void run() { local.set(this); while(true){ paint(); try { Thread.sleep(2000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
当线程运行时,首先通过local.set(this);把当前线程放入,而在paint()方法中,通过get()方法得到当前线程的引用,今儿对其进行操作。打印结果如下:
myapp.T@61de33
t is null;
myapp.T@ca0b6
myapp.T@61de33
myapp.T@ca0b6
myapp.T@61de33
之所以会打印"t is null“,是因为main()执行时函数同样是一个线程,当前线程的ThreadLocalMap中没有存放以local为key的value。只需在 T t = T.local.get();之前加一句 T.local.set(new T());即可,便不再有t is null的打印。
参考:http://www.iteye.com/topic/103804