这是前几天面试的时候遇见的一道题目,看到这个题首先想到了洗牌程序:
在java.util包中的Collections类中的 shuffle方法,现在手工实现以下代码如下:
package test.ms; import java.util.Random; public class Redistribute2 { public static void main(String[] args) { //define the array int[] s = {1,5,4,3,6,9,8,7,0,8,5,6,7,2}; // before redistribute output System.out.println("before redistribute:"); for(int i = 0 ; i<s.length; i++){ System.out.print(s[i]+" "); } // invoke the method shuffle(s,new Random()); System.out.println(); // after redistribute output System.out.println("after redistribute:"); for(int i = 0 ; i<s.length; i++){ System.out.print(s[i]+" "); } } // using the random get the random number public static void shuffle(int[] array, Random random){ for(int i = array.length; i >= 1; i--){ swap(array,i-1,random.nextInt(i)); } } // the two number swap in the array public static void swap(int[] array, int i , int j){ int temp = array[i]; array[i] = array[j]; array[j] = temp; } }
输出结果如下:
before redistribute: 1 5 4 3 6 9 8 7 0 8 5 6 7 2 after redistribute: 9 8 7 8 0 6 1 6 5 5 2 3 7 4
该方法利用Set集合的特性:Set集合中的数据不重复,生成数组的索引,根据生成的索引进行交换数据。
实现方式如下:
package test.ms; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.LinkedHashSet; import java.util.Random; import java.util.Set; public class Redistribute { public static void main(String[] args) { int[] s = {1,5,4,3,6,9,8,7,0,8,5,6,7,2}; redistribute(s); } public static void redistribute(int[] s){ Random random = new Random(); Set<Integer> set = new LinkedHashSet<Integer>(); // redistribute the index while(true){ int t =random.nextInt(s.length); set.add(t); if(set.size()== s.length) break; } System.out.println("before redistribute:"); for(int i = 0 ; i<s.length; i++){ System.out.print(s[i]+" "); } System.out.println(); System.out.println("redistribute the index ");System.out.println(set); int [] out = new int[s.length]; int count = 0; for(Iterator<Integer> iterator = set.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();){ out[count] = s[iterator.next()]; count++; } // out the result; System.out.println("after redistribute:"); for(int i = 0 ; i<s.length; i++){ System.out.print(out[i]+" "); } } }
生成结果如下:
before redistribute: 1 5 4 3 6 9 8 7 0 8 5 6 7 2 redistribute the index [6, 2, 9, 1, 10, 5, 11, 4, 12, 3, 7, 8, 0, 13] after redistribute: 8 4 8 5 5 9 6 6 7 3 7 0 1 2
关于随机数的生成,用了java类中的随机数的生成的工具类,这个随机类需要单独研究一下。