struts的实现步骤
ActionServlet，前端控制器
1、根据相应的规则截取Http请求的URL
2、将Http请求分发到相应的Action处理
ActionForm，相当于实体
1、收集表单数据，将表单数据转换成相应的数据类型
Action，业务层控制器
1、 取得表单数据
2、调用业务逻辑
3、返回转向信息
struts采用servlet和JSP技术实现，基于MVC（模型-视图-控制器）框架
实践步骤
>>搭建环境
>>建立ActionForm
>>建立Action
>>页面访问
*环境搭建
1.导入jar包
下载struts-1.3.8，导入lib中的jar包
2.在WEB-INF下建立struts-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foudation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd"> <struts-config> <form-beans /> <action-mappings> <action path="/aaa" forward="/aaa.jsp"></action> </action-mappings> </struts-config>3.修改web.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<display-name></display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
*开发ActionForm
1.建一个类，继承ActionForm
package demo;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
public class LoginForm extends ActionForm {
private String username=null;
private String password=null;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
2.注册，修改配置文件struts.xml
<form-beans> <form-bean name="loginForm" type="demo.LoginForm"></form-bean> </form-beans>
*开发Action
1.建立一个类，继承Action
覆盖execute方法：需要强制转型，调用其他模块，根据关键字跳转（关键字参照forward标签中的name属性）
package demo;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
public class LoginAction extends Action {
@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
LoginForm loginForm=(LoginForm)form;
if(loginForm.getUsername().equals("fan")){
return mapping.findForward("loginSuccess");
}
else{
return mapping.findForward("loginFailure");
}
}
}
2.注册，修改配置文件struts-config.xml中的action标签
<action path="/login" type="demo.LoginAction" name="loginForm"> <forward name="loginSuccess" path="/LoginSuccess.jsp"></forward> <forward name="loginFailure" path="/LoginFailure.jsp"></forward> </action>*页面访问
login.jsp
<body>
<form action="<%= request.getContextPath() %>/login.do" method="post">
username:<input type="text" name="username" /><br />
password:<input type="password" name="password" /><br />
<input type="submit" value="login" />
</form>
</body>