TcpListener & TcpClient,可以看作为对socket的进一步封装(基于tcp协议),TcpListener为服务器端,TcpClient为客户端。
TcpListener :https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.net.sockets.tcplistener(v=vs.110).aspx
TcpClient:https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.net.sockets.tcpclient(v=vs.110).aspx
NetworkStream:https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.net.sockets.networkstream(v=vs.110).aspx
0.NetworkStream(提供网络访问的基础数据流)
a.将 Write 和 Read 方法用于简单的单线程同步阻止 I/O。若要使用不同的线程来处理 I/O,则请考虑使用 BeginWrite 和 EndWrite 方法,或 BeginRead 和 EndRead 方法进行通信。
b.可以对 NetworkStream 类的实例同时执行读和写操作而无需同步。只要写操作有一个唯一线程,读操作有一个唯一线程,则读和写线程之间不会存在交叉引用,因而无需同步。
1.TcpListener(侦听来自 TCP 网络客户端的连接)
Start():开始侦听传入的连接请求。类似socket中的listen。
Accept:可使用 Socket 或 TcpClient 来连接 TcpListener。
Stop():关闭侦听器。
至于Send和Receive,则由NetworkStream进行处理
using System; using System.IO; using System.Net; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Text; class MyTcpListener { public static void Main() { TcpListener server=null; try { // Set the TcpListener on port 13000. Int32 port = 13000; IPAddress localAddr = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); // TcpListener server = new TcpListener(port); server = new TcpListener(localAddr, port); // Start listening for client requests. server.Start(); // Buffer for reading data Byte[] bytes = new Byte[256]; String data = null; // Enter the listening loop. while(true) { Console.Write("Waiting for a connection... "); // Perform a blocking call to accept requests. // You could also user server.AcceptSocket() here. TcpClient client = server.AcceptTcpClient(); Console.WriteLine("Connected!"); data = null; // Get a stream object for reading and writing NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream(); int i; // Loop to receive all the data sent by the client. while((i = stream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length))!=0) { // Translate data bytes to a ASCII string. data = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes, 0, i); Console.WriteLine("Received: {0}", data); // Process the data sent by the client. data = data.ToUpper(); byte[] msg = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data); // Send back a response. stream.Write(msg, 0, msg.Length); Console.WriteLine("Sent: {0}", data); } // Shutdown and end connection client.Close(); } } catch(SocketException e) { Console.WriteLine("SocketException: {0}", e); } finally { // Stop listening for new clients. server.Stop(); } Console.WriteLine("\nHit enter to continue..."); Console.Read(); } }
Connect:有两种方法,一种是使用无参构造方法创建TcpClient,然后调用Connect方法;另一种是使用带host与port的构造方法。
static void Connect(String server, String message) { try { // Create a TcpClient. // Note, for this client to work you need to have a TcpServer // connected to the same address as specified by the server, port // combination. Int32 port = 13000; TcpClient client = new TcpClient(server, port); // Translate the passed message into ASCII and store it as a Byte array. Byte[] data = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(message); // Get a client stream for reading and writing. // Stream stream = client.GetStream(); NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream(); // Send the message to the connected TcpServer. stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length); Console.WriteLine("Sent: {0}", message); // Receive the TcpServer.response. // Buffer to store the response bytes. data = new Byte[256]; // String to store the response ASCII representation. String responseData = String.Empty; // Read the first batch of the TcpServer response bytes. Int32 bytes = stream.Read(data, 0, data.Length); responseData = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(data, 0, bytes); Console.WriteLine("Received: {0}", responseData); // Close everything. stream.Close(); client.Close(); } catch (ArgumentNullException e) { Console.WriteLine("ArgumentNullException: {0}", e); } catch (SocketException e) { Console.WriteLine("SocketException: {0}", e); } Console.WriteLine("\n Press Enter to continue..."); Console.Read(); }