Tomcat的详细配置手册

这里注意，在jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28.exe以前是有默认的admin模块，在jakarta-tomcat-5.5.9.exe则没有安装默认的admin模块，这时 http://127.0.0.1:8080/admin打开时则会出现
Tomcat's administration web application is no longer installed by default. Download and install the "admin" package to use it.
因此我们现在需要下载"admin"package 包
把jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x.zip  与   jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-compat.zip  与  jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-admin.zip
三个文件解压在同一个目录中
(如果使用jdk1.4，才需要compat.zip用jdk1.5就可以免了这个。)

2.修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/conf/tomcat-users.xml.
添加管理员账号lizongbo，密码为lizongbopass.
新xml如下：
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<tomcat-users>
  <role rolename="tomcat"/>
  <role rolename="role1"/>
  <role rolename="manager"/>
  <role rolename="admin"/>
  <user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat"/>
  <user username="role1" password="tomcat" roles="role1"/>
  <user username="both" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,role1"/>
  <user username="lizongbo" password="lizongbopass" roles="admin,manager"/>
</tomcat-users>

有时在%CATALINA_HOME%/server/webapps/admin/WEB-INF/web.xml里面也要做些修改

<!-- Security is active on entire directory -->
  <security-constraint>
    <display-name>Tomcat Server Configuration Security Constraint</display-name>
    <web-resource-collection>
      <web-resource-name>Protected Area</web-resource-name>
      <!-- Define the context-relative URL(s) to be protected -->
      <url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern>
      <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
      <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
    </web-resource-collection>
    <auth-constraint>
      <!-- Anyone with one of the listed roles may access this area -->
      <role-name>admin</role-name>
    </auth-constraint>
  </security-constraint>

  <!-- Login configuration uses form-based authentication -->
  <login-config>
    <auth-method>FORM</auth-method>
    <realm-name>Tomcat Server Configuration Form-Based Authentication Area</realm-name>
    <form-login-config>
      <form-login-page>/login.jsp</form-login-page>
      <form-error-page>/error.jsp</form-error-page>
    </form-login-config>
  </login-config>

  <!-- Security roles referenced by this web application -->
  <security-role>
    <description>
      The role that is required to log in to the Administration Application
    </description>
    <role-name>admin</role-name>
  </security-role>
无论是 Authetication ( 身份验证  还是 Authorization ( 权限管控  都只有设置相关的 admin ROLE, 当你想要新增或修改相关的 AA, 就必须修改这一个文件, 来符合你的环境.
3.修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/conf/server.xml来解决编码问题。
(给Connector 添加URIEncoding参数，参考http://blog.csdn.net/darkxie/archive/2004/10/25/TOMCATAPP.aspx)
(可以设置成GB18030)
    <Connector port="8080"
               maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"
               enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="200"
               connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" URIEncoding="GBK"
               compression="on" compressionMinSize="2048"
      noCompressionUserAgents="gozilla, traviata"
      compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml"/>
 
    <Connector port="8009"
               enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" protocol="AJP/1.3" URIEncoding="GBK"/>
 

4.启用支持gzip压缩.
(http://www.linuxaid.com.cn/forum/showdoc.jsp?l=1&i=81169)
添加下列属性
 compression="on"
      compressionMinSize="2048"
      noCompressionUserAgents="gozilla, traviata"
      compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml"
 
5.设置虚拟主机。
在jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/下建立文件夹vhost/www.mydomain.com。
然后修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/conf/server.xml
 
<Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina">
      <Host appBase="vhost/www.mydomain.com" name="http://www.mydomain.com/">
      </Host>
      <Host appBase="webapps" name="localhost">
      </Host>
      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"/>
    </Engine>
 
6.添加数据库驱动,更新mail.jar和actiovation.jar
复制mysql-connector-java-3.0.16-ga-bin.jar,pg74.215.jdbc3.jar到 jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/common/lib/
还有javamail 1.3.2的mail.jar，jaf-1_0_2的 activation.jar
msSQl 2000 JDBC sp3，msbase.jar,msutil,jar,mssqlserver.jar
 
 
7.配置SSL
参考 http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-5.5-doc/ssl-howto.html
D:/j2sdk1.4.2_06/bin>%JAVA_HOME%/bin/keytool -genkey -alias tomcat -keyalg RSA
输入keystore密码：  lizongbossl
您的名字与姓氏是什么？
  [tomcat5.5.x]：  tomcat5.5.x
您的组织单位名称是什么？
  [jakarta]：  jakarta
您的组织名称是什么？
  [apache]：  apache
您所在的城市或区域名称是什么？
  [hzcity]：  hzcity
您所在的州或省份名称是什么？
  [gdp]：  gdp
该单位的两字母国家代码是什么
  [CN]：  CN
CN=tomcat5.5.x, OU=jakarta, O=apache, L=hzcity, ST=gdp, C=CN 正确吗？
  [否]：  y
 
输入<tomcat>的主密码
        （如果和 keystore 密码相同，按回车）：

(必须密码一致，因此直接回车)
然后再把userhome(例如：C:/Documents and Settings/lizongbo/)下的.keystore复制到
tomcat的conf/目录下。
 (例如：D:/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/conf/.keystore
配置jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/conf/server.xml
加上
    <Connector port="8443"
               maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"
               enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true"
               acceptCount="100" scheme="https" secure="true"
               clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS"
           keystoreFile="conf/.keystore"
           keystorePass="lizongbossl"> <!--与先前设置的密码一致-->
    </Connector>
8.禁止文件目录列表，
修改jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x/conf/web.xml，把listing设置为false
 
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>debug</param-name>
            <param-value>0</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>listings</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
 
 9.指定了自己的javaEncoding
(参考 http://gceclub.sun.com.cn/staticcontent/html/sunone/app7/app7-dg-webapp/ch6/ch6-4.html 

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>jsp</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>fork</param-name>
            <param-value>false</param-value>
        </init-param>
                <init-param>
            <param-name>javaEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>GB18030</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>xpoweredBy</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>3</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
 10.添加rar,iso等的mime-type映射
避免在浏览器里直接打开。
<mime-mapping>
<extension>mht</extension>
<mime-type>text/x-mht</mime-type>
</mime-mapping>
<mime-mapping>
        <extension>rar</extension>
        <mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type>
    </mime-mapping>
    <mime-mapping>
        <extension>iso</extension>
        <mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type>
    </mime-mapping>
    <mime-mapping>
        <extension>ape</extension>
        <mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type>
    </mime-mapping>
    <mime-mapping>
        <extension>rmvb</extension>
        <mime-type>application/octet-stream</mime-type>
    </mime-mapping>
    <mime-mapping>
        <extension>ico</extension>
        <mime-type>image/x-icon</mime-type>
    </mime-mapping>
10.1对html静态页面设置编码
<!--  修改下面两行以支持静态超文本的自动编码
  -->
 <mime-mapping>
  <extension>htm</extension>
  <mime-type>text/html;charset=gb2312</mime-type>
  </mime-mapping>
 <mime-mapping>
  <extension>html</extension>
  <mime-type>text/html;charset=gb2312</mime-type>
  </mime-mapping>
  </web-app>
 
11.添加welcome-file-list，并调整顺序。
 <welcome-file-list>   
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>