我们在开发C# WinForm时,有时会调用Web服务,服务是本地的当前好办,只要在Project中的Web References中引入就可以在代码中直接创建一个Web服务对象来引用,其实其原理是C#帮你自动创建客户端代理类的方式调用WebService,但如果调用的服务是动态的,比如说在几个IIS中都有相同的一个服务,在运行时输入具体的IP才确定调用哪个服务,那要怎么样实现呢。
C#动态调用Web服务方法一: 手动的添加一个Web引用,然后修改下本地的代理类。最后实现Web Service的URI部署到配置文件里。 具体做法如下:
以下代码是显示如何配置动态的Web Service,以服务单元C(类名为Web_SVSGC)为例:
(1)首先在Web引用中的本地代理类中添加一个构造函数,这个构造函数是以Web Service的URL为参数的重载方法。
Namespace Web_SVSGC '< remarks/> < System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute(), _ System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code"), _ System.Web.Services.WebServiceBindingAttribute(Name:="SVSGCSoap", [Namespace]:="http://tempuri.org/QYJSERVICE/SVSGC"), _ System.Xml.Serialization.XmlIncludeAttribute(GetType(Attribute))> _ Public Class SVSGC Inherits System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapHttpClientProtocol '< remarks/> Public Sub New() MyBase.New Me.Url = "http://localhost/QYJSERVICE/WEBSERVICE/SERVICE/SVSGC.asmx" End Sub '添加一个带参数的构造函数。 Public Sub New(ByVal strUrl As String) MyBase.New() Me.Url = strUrl End Sub
< configuration> < appSettings> < add key="SVSGA_URL" value="http://192.168.108.188/ QDN/SERVICE/SVSGA.asmx" QDN/SERVICE/SVSGA.asmx" /> < /appSettings> < /configuration>< configuration> < appSettings> < add key="SVSGA_URL" value="http://192.168.108.188/ QDN/SERVICE/SVSGA.asmx" QDN/SERVICE/SVSGA.asmx" /> < /appSettings> < /configuration>
'要调用的Web Service的URL Dim strWebSvsUrl As String '声明一个要调用的Web Service Dim objSVSGC As WebSvs_GC. SVSGC '调用Web Service的远程方法的返回值 Dim strReturnValue As String Try '从配置文件中取得Web Service的URL strWebSvsUrl = _ System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings("SVSGC_URL") '生成一个Web Service实例 objSVSGC = New WebSvs_GC.SVSGC (strWebSvsUrl) '调用这个Web Service里的远程方法 strReturnValue = objSVSGC.HelloWorld() Catch ex As Exception End Try
using System; using System.Net; using System.IO; using System.CodeDom; using Microsoft.CSharp; using System.CodeDom.Compiler; using System.Web.Services.Description; using System.Web.Services.Protocols; namespace HB.Common { /* 调用方式 * string url = "http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" ; * string[] args = new string[2] ; * args[0] = "Hangzhou"; * args[1] = "China" ; * object result = WebServiceHelper.InvokeWebService(url ,"GetWeather" ,args) ; * Response.Write(result.ToString()); */ public class WebServiceHelper { #region InvokeWebService /// < summary> /// 动态调用web服务 /// < /summary> /// < param name="url">WSDL服务地址< /param> /// < param name="methodname">方法名< /param> /// < param name="args">参数< /param> /// < returns>< /returns> public static object InvokeWebService(string url, string methodname, object[] args) { return WebServiceHelper.InvokeWebService(url, null, methodname, args); } /// < summary> /// 动态调用web服务 /// < /summary> /// < param name="url">WSDL服务地址< /param> /// < param name="classname">类名< /param> /// < param name="methodname">方法名< /param> /// < param name="args">参数< /param> /// < returns>< /returns> public static object InvokeWebService(string url, string classname, string methodname, object[] args) { string @namespace = "EnterpriseServerBase.WebService.DynamicWebCalling"; if ((classname == null) || (classname == "")) { classname = WebServiceHelper.GetWsClassName(url); } try { //获取WSDL WebClient wc = new WebClient(); Stream stream = wc.OpenRead(url + "?WSDL"); ServiceDescription sd = ServiceDescription.Read(stream); ServiceDescriptionImporter sdi = new ServiceDescriptionImporter(); sdi.AddServiceDescription(sd, "", ""); CodeNamespace cn = new CodeNamespace(@namespace); //生成客户端代理类代码 CodeCompileUnit ccu = new CodeCompileUnit(); ccu.Namespaces.Add(cn); sdi.Import(cn, ccu); CSharpCodeProvider icc = new CSharpCodeProvider(); //设定编译参数 CompilerParameters cplist = new CompilerParameters(); cplist.GenerateExecutable = false; cplist.GenerateInMemory = true; cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.dll"); cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.XML.dll"); cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Web.Services.dll"); cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Data.dll"); //编译代理类 CompilerResults cr = icc.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu); if (true == cr.Errors.HasErrors) { System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder(); foreach (System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError ce in cr.Errors) { sb.Append(ce.ToString()); sb.Append(System.Environment.NewLine); } throw new Exception(sb.ToString()); } //生成代理实例,并调用方法 System.Reflection.Assembly assembly = cr.CompiledAssembly; Type t = assembly.GetType(@namespace + "." + classname, true, true); object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(t); System.Reflection.MethodInfo mi = t.GetMethod(methodname); return mi.Invoke(obj, args); /* PropertyInfo propertyInfo = type.GetProperty(propertyname); return propertyInfo.GetValue(obj, null); */ } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.InnerException.Message, new Exception(ex.InnerException.StackTrace)); } } private static string GetWsClassName(string wsUrl) { string[] parts = wsUrl.Split('/'); string[] pps = parts[parts.Length - 1].Split('.'); return pps[0]; } #endregion } }
string url = "http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" ; string[] args = new string[2] ; args[0] = "Hangzhou"; args[1] = "China" ; object result = WebServiceHelper.InvokeWebService(url ,"GetWeather" ,args) ; DataSet DSRe=(DataSet)result;
C#动态调用Web服务方法三:URL Behavior 属性
如果知道服务的方法和参数,只是调用的URL网址会随时变化,那么可以手工创建一个服务,添加上对应的的方法和传入参数,然后引入到项目中,就可以直接开发,在创建服务的实例化时,才修改对应的URL即可.
例如服务中有个方法叫GetTax,那么就可以这样改:
GetTax.GetTax GetTax1 = new GetTax.GetTax(); GetTax1.Url = "http://" + WebIp1 + "/pub_wa_gspsp1/gettax.asmx"; //动态引入服务器 DataSet DS1 = GetTax1.GetTaxMx(Bm1, OldBz, Fpl, SLx, StaDa, EndDa); //调用服务器返回开票数据