商务综合管理-day6 javaMail,spring整合javaMail
概念和协议
SMTP：Simple Message Transfer Protocal发送协议 默认端口：25POP：Post Office Protocal邮局协议。接收协议 默认端口：110
1. 邮件发送的过程
2. 邮件发送的相关API
3. 邮件发送的工具类MailUtil的提取
public class MailUtil {
/**
* 发送电子邮件
* @param addr 收件人地址
* @param subject 主题
* @param text 内容
* @throws MessagingException
*/
public static void sendMail(String addr,String subject,String text) throws MessagingException{
Properties props=new Properties();
props.put("mail.smtp.host","smtp.sina.com");
props.put("mail.smtp.auth","true");
Session session=Session.getInstance(props);
//构造信息体
MimeMessage message =new MimeMessage(session);
//发件地址
Address address = new InternetAddress("[email protected]");
message.setFrom(address);
//收件地址
Address toAddress = new InternetAddress(addr);
message.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, toAddress);
//主题
message.setSubject(subject);
//正文
message.setText(text);
message.saveChanges();
Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
transport.connect("smtp.sina.com", "[email protected]", "itcast"); //发送
transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
transport.close();
}
}
4. Spring对javaMail的支持
Spring邮件抽象层的主要包为org.springframework.mail。它包括了发送电子邮件的主要接口MailSender，和其对象SimpleMailMessage，它封装了简单邮件的属性如from, to,cc, subject,text。 包里还包含一棵以MailException为根的checked Exception继承树，它们提供了对底层邮件系统异常的高级别抽象。 要获得关于邮件异常层次的更丰富的信息。
为了使用JavaMail中的一些特色, 比如MIME类型的信件, spring提供了MailSender的一个子接口, 即org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender。Spring还提供了一个回调接口org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessagePreparator, 用于准备JavaMail的MIME信件。
这里简单的介绍了如何使用spring发送各种形式的邮件以及配置。
1、在src目录下建立mail.properties文件里边包含一下内容
mail.host=smtp.qq.com
mail.username=你的邮箱名
mail.password=你的邮箱密码
mail.from=发送方的邮箱
2、使用spring配置
| <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 加载Properties文件 --> <beanid="configurer"class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> <propertyname="locations"> <list> <value>classpath:mail.properties</value> </list> </property> </bean> <beanid="mailMessage"class="org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage"> <propertyname="from"> <value>${mail.from}</value> </property> <!-- 查看SimpleMailMessage源码还可以注入标题,内容等 --> </bean> <!-- 申明JavaMailSenderImpl对象 --> <beanid="mailSender"class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl"> <propertyname="defaultEncoding"value="UTF-8"/> <propertyname="host"value="${mail.host}"/> <propertyname="username"value="${mail.username}"/> <propertyname="password"value="${mail.password}"/> <propertyname="javaMailProperties"> <props> <!-- 设置认证开关 --> <propkey="mail.smtp.auth">true</prop> <!-- 启动调试开关 --> <propkey="mail.debug">true</prop> <!-- 设置发送延时 --> <propkey="mail.smtp.timeout">0</prop> </props> </property> </bean> </beans>
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5. 发送简单邮件
importjavax.mail.MessagingException; importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; importorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; importorg.springframework.mail.MailSender; importorg.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage; /** * 本类测试邮件发送Html形式 * * @author Eternity_._ * */ public class SingleMailSend { static ApplicationContext actx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "applicationContext.xml"); static MailSender sender = (MailSender) actx.getBean("mailSender"); static SimpleMailMessage mailMessage = (SimpleMailMessage) actx.getBean("mailMessage"); public static voidmain(String args[]) throws MessagingException { mailMessage.setSubject("你好"); mailMessage.setText("这个是一个通过Spring框架来发送邮件的小程序"); mailMessage.setTo("9197****[email protected]"); sender.send(mailMessage); } }
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6. 发送带有图片的邮件，以嵌入HTML的方式
importjava.io.File; importjavax.mail.MessagingException; importjavax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; importorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; importorg.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource; importorg.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl; importorg.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper; public class SpringAttachedImageMail { public static voidmain(String[] args) throws MessagingException { ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "applicationContext.xml"); JavaMailSenderImpl sender = (JavaMailSenderImpl) ctx .getBean("mailSender"); MimeMessage mailMessage = sender.createMimeMessage(); MimeMessageHelper messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mailMessage,true); messageHelper.setFrom("9197****[email protected]"); messageHelper.setTo("9197****[email protected]"); messageHelper.setSubject("测试邮件中嵌套图片!！"); // true 表示启动HTML格式的邮件 messageHelper.setText( "<html><head></head><body><h1>hello!!spring image html mail</h1>" +"<a href=http://www.baidu.com>baidu</a>" + "<img src=cid:image/></body></html>", true); FileSystemResource img = new FileSystemResource(new File("单.png")); messageHelper.addInline("image", img);//跟cid一致 sender.send(mailMessage); System.out.println("邮件发送成功..."); } }
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7. 发送带附件的邮件
importjava.io.File; importjavax.mail.MessagingException; importjavax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; importorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; importorg.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource; importorg.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl; importorg.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper; public class SpringAttachedImageMail { public static voidmain(String[] args) throws MessagingException { ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "applicationContext.xml"); JavaMailSenderImpl sender = (JavaMailSenderImpl) ctx .getBean("mailSender"); MimeMessage mailMessage = sender.createMimeMessage(); MimeMessageHelper messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mailMessage,true); messageHelper.setFrom("9197****[email protected]"); messageHelper.setTo("9197****[email protected]"); messageHelper.setSubject("测试邮件中嵌套图片!！"); // true 表示启动HTML格式的邮件 messageHelper.setText( "<html><head></head><body><h1>hello!!spring image html mail</h1>" +"<a href=http://www.baidu.com>baidu</a>" + "<img src=cid:image/></body></html>", true); FileSystemResource img = new FileSystemResource(new File("单.png")); messageHelper.addAttachment("单.png", file);//添加到附件 sender.send(mailMessage); System.out.println("邮件发送成功..."); } }
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8. 用户注册时的邮件发送
| public void saveOrUpdate(User entity) { if(UtilFuns.isEmpty(entity.getId())){ //说明是新增 String id = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); entity.setId(id); entity.getUserInfo().setId(id);//基于一对一的主键关联
//引入Shiro后，进行密码的初始化 entity.setPassword(Encrypt.md5(SysConstant.DEFAULT_PASS, entity.getUserName()));
baseDao.saveOrUpdate(entity);
//发送邮件 mailMessage.setSubject("你好"); mailMessage.setText("尊敬的"+entity.getUserInfo().getName()+",您的用户名："+entity.getUserName()+",初始密码为:123456"); mailMessage.setTo(entity.getUserInfo().getEmail()); mailSender.send(mailMessage); }else{ baseDao.saveOrUpdate(entity); }
} |
注意,在注册邮箱时，为了能发送成功，请进行如下调整。