Linux开发环境配置及shell script

本文主要是以快速搭建环境为目标学习shell script。
转自https://hceng.cn/

---

之前写过一个Linux嵌入式开发环境搭建的博客，后面每次搭环境都翻来复制上面的代码。感觉就像记事本一样，还是有点用，这也是写博客的一点动力吧。
用了Linux也有段时间了，它的魅力也逐渐展现出来了。以前还在熟悉Linux命令的过程中，shell script就是个老虎，觉得没接触过，害怕，每次都绕开它。
直到这周遇到了ti的SDK，尝试一边百度，一边测它的脚本，感觉有点小入门了，于是想练习下。想到每次搭建环境重复操作的痛点，就拿它开刀吧。

0.环境搭建的几个方面

根据过去的经验，用虚拟机装好Ubuntu后，一般会做这样几个步骤：
1.安装vmware tools,以便复制粘贴和文件共享；
2.更新软件源，以便更快的下载软件；
3.安装及配置常用软件，比如：
　　3-1.安装git,方面后续的一些安装；
　　3-2.安装vim和简单配置；
　　3-3.安装ftp和简单配置；
　　3-4.安装ftp和简单配置；
　　3-5.安装samba和简单配置；
　　3-6.安装tmux、htop等；
4.安装开发所需的 g++等工具、库；
除了第一步，其它都计划用脚本实现。

厌烦了每次编辑了驱动都要拖进Linux主机进行编译，然后还得复制到开发板。
重新打造了工作流，只需三步：
编辑->make->insmod

1.检测当前环境

• 在运行脚本前，需要检测一些东西：

1.1检测网络状态

• 如果不能联网，后续的没必要做了。之前想过自动检测修复网络的，但想了想，网络的情况比较多，暂时搁置。而且刚装好虚拟机肯定是联网的，如果不能联网肯定是虚拟机设置的问题，也不是脚本能解决的。
  为了方便打印更改用户名，这里先设置几个变量：

#define echo print color.
RED_COLOR='\E[1;31m'        
PINK_COLOR='\E[1;35m'       
YELOW_COLOR='\E[1;33m'       
BLUE_COLOR='\E[1;34m'       
GREEN_COLOR='\E[1;32m'      
END_COLOR='\E[0m'           

#set linux host user name.
user_name=hceng

• 检测网络函数：

check_network() {
    ping -c 1 www.baidu.com > /dev/null 2>&1  
    if [ $? -eq 0 ];then  
        echo -e "${GREEN_COLOR}Network ok.${END_COLOR}" 
    else
        echo -e "${RED_COLOR}Network failure!${END_COLOR}"  
        exit 1
    fi
}

• 先ping一次百度，能够ping通就表示网络没问题。

1.2检测是否是root用户

• 很多操作都需要root权限，因此必须使用root用户权限运行脚本，这里先检测是否是root用户：

# Check user must root.
check_root() {
    if [ $(id -u) != "0" ]; then
        echo -e "${RED_COLOR}Error: You must be root to run this script, please use root.${END_COLOR}"
        exit 1
    fi
}

1.3检测设置的用户是否存在

• 现在用的用户名是hceng，后面为了方便其它用户使用，所以在前面定义了个变量，改变变量就可以修改用户。但为了防止设置的用户在系统中不存在，这里需要进行检测。

# Check set linux host user name.
check_user_name() {
    cat /etc/passwd|grep $user_name
    if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
        echo -e "${GREEN_COLOR}Check the set user name OK.${END_COLOR}" 
    else
        echo -e "${RED_COLOR}Check the set user name failure!${END_COLOR}" 
        exit 1
    fi
}

1.4检测运行结果

• 为检测某些命令，是否运行正常。

check_status() {
    ret=$?
    if [ "$ret" -ne "0" ]; then
        echo -e "${RED_COLOR}Failed setup, aborting..${END_COLOR}" 
        exit 1
    fi
}

1.5获取系统版本信息

• 后面更新源和装某些软件需要当前Ubuntu的版本代号。

# Get the code name of the Linux host release to the caller.
get_host_type() {
    local  __host_type=$1
    local  the_host=`lsb_release -a 2>/dev/null | grep Codename: | awk {'print $2'}`
    eval $__host_type="'$the_host'"
}

2.更新软件源

• 这里使用了阿里、网易和官方的三个源，应该没问题了。
  修改配置文件的原则就是先备份再修改。同时为了防止脚本再次运行覆盖掉备份，还需要检测是否已经存在了备份。

#This function will update the source of the software.
update_software_source() {
    local back_file=/etc/apt/sources.list.backup
    if [ ! -e "$back_file" ];then  
        cp /etc/apt/sources.list $back_file         
    fi 
    check_status

    get_host_type host_release
    check_status

    echo \
    "#Ali source.
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu    $host_release main restricted 
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release main restricted
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/   $host_release main restricted multiverse universe 
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-updates main restricted
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/   $host_release-updates main restricted multiverse universe
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release universe
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-updates universe
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-updates multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/   $host_release-backports main restricted universe multiverse 
    deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu     $host_release partner
    deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu $host_release partner
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-security main restricted
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/   $host_release-security main restricted multiverse universe 
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-security universe
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-security multiverse

    #Netease source.
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/          $host_release main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/          $host_release-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/          $host_release-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/          $host_release-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/          $host_release-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/      $host_release main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/      $host_release-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/      $host_release-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/      $host_release-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/      $host_release-backports main restricted universe multiverse

    #Official source                            
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/       $host_release main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/   $host_release main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/   $host_release-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/   $host_release-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/   $host_release-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/   $host_release-backports main restricted universe multiverse" \
    > /etc/apt/sources.list
    check_status

    #apt-get update 1>/dev/null
    apt-get update
    check_status    

    echo -e "${GREEN_COLOR}Update source completed.${END_COLOR}" 
}

3.安装软件及配置

• 软件主要包括自己一般常用的软件，像vim、tmux、samba等。还有就是开发所需的g++、各种库。
  其中git要在vim前面，因为vim需要git下载。

# Execute an action.
FA_DoExec() {
    echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}==> Executing: '${@}'.${END_COLOR}"
    eval $@ || exit $?
}

# Install list software.
install_software() {
    local install_software_list=("git" "vim" "tmux" "htop" "vsftpd" "openssh-server" "nfs-kernel-server" "portmap" "samba")
    echo -e "${PINK_COLOR}install_software_list:${install_software_list[*]}.${END_COLOR}" 

    #install git
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "git");then
        apt-get -y install git && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}git install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install and configure vim
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "vim");then
        apt-get -y install vim && vim_configure && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}vim install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install tmux
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "tmux");then
        apt-get -y install tmux && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}tmux install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install htop
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "htop");then
        apt-get -y install htop && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}htop install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install and configure vsftpd
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "vsftpd");then
        apt-get -y install vsftpd && ftp_configure && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}vsftpd install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install openssh-server
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "openssh-server");then
        apt-get -y install openssh-server && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}openssh-server install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install and configure nfs-kernel-server
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "nfs-kernel-server");then
        apt-get -y install nfs-kernel-server && nfs_configure && \
        /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}nfs-kernel-server install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install portmap
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "portmap");then
        apt-get -y install portmap && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}portmap install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install and configure samba
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "samba");then
        apt-get -y install samba && samba_configure && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}samba install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi


    #others
    get_host_type host_release

    FA_DoExec apt-get -y install \
    gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential \
    zip curl libc6-dev libncurses5-dev libncurses5-dev:i386 x11proto-core-dev \
    libx11-dev:i386 libreadline6-dev:i386 \
    libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-$host_release:i386 libgl1-mesa-dev-lts-$host_release \
    g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos libncurses5-dev:i386 \
    python-markdown libxml2-utils xsltproc zlib1g-dev:i386


    if [ ! -h /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so ]; then
    FA_DoExec ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mesa/libGL.so.1 \
        /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so
    fi

    # Development support
    FA_DoExec apt-get -y install \
    dos2unix minicom gawk

    echo -e "${GREEN_COLOR}software install completed.${END_COLOR}"
}

3.1配置vim

• vim的配置文件来自GitHub的Amir,我就不重复造轮子了。
  这里只是先clone下来，然后执行安装脚本。这里值得一提的是执行脚本要指定用户运行，不然会以root用户的路径设置，导致脚本运行错误。

# Configure vim form github.
vim_configure() {
    git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/amix/vimrc.git /home/$user_name/.vim_runtime 

    touch /home/$user_name/.vim_runtime/my_configs.vim
    echo ":set number" > /home/$user_name/.vim_runtime/my_configs.vim

    chown -R $user_name /home/$user_name/.vim_runtime 
    chmod u+x /home/$user_name/.vim_runtime/install_awesome_vimrc.sh
    su - $user_name -s /home/$user_name/.vim_runtime/install_awesome_vimrc.sh
}

3.2配置ftp

• FTP主要是修改为可写。在使用MobaXterm SSH登陆后，可以直接通过左边的Sftp进行文件的传输，貌似这个可以不用配置了。

# Configure ftp.
ftp_configure() {
    sed  -i 's/#loacl_enable=YES/loacl_enable=YES/g'  /etc/vsftpd.conf
    sed  -i 's/#write_enable=YES/write_enable=YES/g'  /etc/vsftpd.conf
}

3.3配置nfs

• 在前面的工作流中，开发板直接运行Linux主机中交叉编译好的模块，是通过nfs实现的。因此需要开发板开机后就挂载nfs.
  习惯在Linux主机中单独开辟一个路径作为工作目录，因此这里是设置的整个工作目录。

# Configure nfs.
nfs_configure() {
    local work_file=/work
    if [ ! -d "$work_file" ];then  
        mkdir /work
    fi
    check_status

    grep "/work" /etc/exports 1>/dev/null
    if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
        sed -i '$a\/work  *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)' /etc/exports
    fi
}

3.4配置samba

• samba也是实现前面工作流不可确少的一环。这样就不用每次修改代码后，通过ftp上传到Linux主机。
  samba在Windows上的使用是：
  先Windows+r，打开命令窗口，
  然后输入：\\192.168.1.xx，
  最后建议右键，映射网络驱动，方面后续打开。
  测试中需要重启生效。

# Configure samba.
samba_configure() {
    local back_file=/etc/samba/smb.conf.bakup
    if [ ! -e "$back_file" ];then  
        cp /etc/samba/smb.conf $back_file       
    fi 
    check_status

    grep "/work" /etc/samba/smb.conf 1>/dev/null
    if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
        sed -i \
        '$a[share_work]\n\
        path = \/work\n\
        available = yes\n\
        public = yes\n\
        guest ok = yes\n\
        read only = no\n\
        writeable = yes\n' /etc/samba/smb.conf
    fi

    /etc/init.d/samba restart
    chmod -R 777 /work
}

4.完整代码及心得

完整代码链接

#!/bin/bash

# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Filename:    setup_ubuntu_host_env.sh
# Revision:    1.0
# Date:        2017/08/05
# Author:      hceng
# Email:       [email protected]
# Website:     www.hceng.cn
# Function:    setup ubuntu host env.
# Notes:       learn
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# Description:     
#1.check env.
#1.1 check network  
#1.2 check use root  
#1.3 check set name  
#1.4 configure samba   
#2.update software sourcev.  
#3.install vim tmux  htop ftp ssh nfs samba.
#3.1 configure vim  
#3.2 configure ftp  
#3.3 configure nfs  
#3.4 configure samba 
#4.install system tool eg:g++ ...
#
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------


#define echo print color.
RED_COLOR='\E[1;31m'        
PINK_COLOR='\E[1;35m'       
YELOW_COLOR='\E[1;33m'       
BLUE_COLOR='\E[1;34m'       
GREEN_COLOR='\E[1;32m'      
END_COLOR='\E[0m'           

#Set linux host user name.
user_name=hceng

# Check network.
check_network() {
    ping -c 1 www.baidu.com > /dev/null 2>&1  
    if [ $? -eq 0 ];then  
        echo -e "${GREEN_COLOR}Network OK.${END_COLOR}" 
    else
        echo -e "${RED_COLOR}Network failure!${END_COLOR}"  
        exit 1
    fi
}

# Check user must root.
check_root() {
    if [ $(id -u) != "0" ]; then
        echo -e "${RED_COLOR}Error: You must be root to run this script, please use root.${END_COLOR}"
        exit 1
    fi
}

# Check set linux host user name.
check_user_name() {
    cat /etc/passwd|grep $user_name
    if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
        echo -e "${GREEN_COLOR}Check the set user name OK.${END_COLOR}" 
    else
        echo -e "${RED_COLOR}Check the set user name failure!${END_COLOR}" 
        exit 1
    fi
}

# Check the results of the operation.
check_status() {
    ret=$?
    if [ "$ret" -ne "0" ]; then
        echo -e "${RED_COLOR}Failed setup, aborting..${END_COLOR}" 
        exit 1
    fi
}

# Get the code name of the Linux host release to the caller.
get_host_type() {
    local  __host_type=$1
    local  the_host=`lsb_release -a 2>/dev/null | grep Codename: | awk {'print $2'}`
    eval $__host_type="'$the_host'"
}


#This function will update the source of the software.
update_software_source() {
    local back_file=/etc/apt/sources.list.backup
    if [ ! -e "$back_file" ];then  
        cp /etc/apt/sources.list $back_file         
    fi 
    check_status

    get_host_type host_release
    check_status

    echo \
    "#Ali source.
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu    $host_release main restricted 
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release main restricted
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/   $host_release main restricted multiverse universe 
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-updates main restricted
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/   $host_release-updates main restricted multiverse universe
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release universe
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-updates universe
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-updates multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/   $host_release-backports main restricted universe multiverse 
    deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu     $host_release partner
    deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu $host_release partner
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-security main restricted
    deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/   $host_release-security main restricted multiverse universe 
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-security universe
    deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-security multiverse

    #Netease source.
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/          $host_release main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/          $host_release-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/          $host_release-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/          $host_release-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/          $host_release-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/      $host_release main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/      $host_release-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/      $host_release-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/      $host_release-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/      $host_release-backports main restricted universe multiverse

    #Official source                            
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/       $host_release main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/       $host_release-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/   $host_release main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/   $host_release-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/   $host_release-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/   $host_release-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/   $host_release-backports main restricted universe multiverse" \
    > /etc/apt/sources.list
    check_status

    #apt-get update 1>/dev/null
    apt-get update
    check_status    

    echo -e "${GREEN_COLOR}Update source completed.${END_COLOR}" 
}


# Configure vim form github.
vim_configure() {
    git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/amix/vimrc.git /home/$user_name/.vim_runtime 

    touch /home/$user_name/.vim_runtime/my_configs.vim
    echo ":set number" > /home/$user_name/.vim_runtime/my_configs.vim

    chown -R $user_name /home/$user_name/.vim_runtime 
    chmod u+x /home/$user_name/.vim_runtime/install_awesome_vimrc.sh
    su - $user_name -s /home/$user_name/.vim_runtime/install_awesome_vimrc.sh
}

# Configure ftp.
ftp_configure() {
    sed  -i 's/#loacl_enable=YES/loacl_enable=YES/g'  /etc/vsftpd.conf
    sed  -i 's/#write_enable=YES/write_enable=YES/g'  /etc/vsftpd.conf
}

# Configure nfs.
nfs_configure() {
    local work_file=/work
    if [ ! -d "$work_file" ];then  
        mkdir /work
    fi

    grep "/work" /etc/exports 1>/dev/null
    if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
        sed -i '$a\/work  *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)' /etc/exports
    fi
}

# Configure samba.
samba_configure() {
    local back_file=/etc/samba/smb.conf.bakup
    if [ ! -e "$back_file" ];then  
        cp /etc/samba/smb.conf $back_file       
    fi 
    check_status

    grep "/work" /etc/samba/smb.conf 1>/dev/null
    if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
        sed -i \
        '$a[share_work]\n\
        path = \/work\n\
        available = yes\n\
        public = yes\n\
        guest ok = yes\n\
        read only = no\n\
        writeable = yes\n' /etc/samba/smb.conf
    fi

    /etc/init.d/samba restart
    chmod -R 777 /work
}

# Execute an action.
FA_DoExec() {
    echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}==> Executing: '${@}'.${END_COLOR}"
    eval $@ || exit $?
}

# Install list software.
install_software() {
    local install_software_list=\
    ("git" "vim" "tmux" "htop" "vsftpd" "openssh-server" "nfs-kernel-server" "portmap" "samba")
    echo -e "${PINK_COLOR}install_software_list:${install_software_list[*]}.${END_COLOR}" 

    #install git
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "git");then
        apt-get -y install git && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}git install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install and configure vim
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "vim");then
        apt-get -y install vim && vim_configure && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}vim install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install tmux
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "tmux");then
        apt-get -y install tmux && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}tmux install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install htop
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "htop");then
        apt-get -y install htop && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}htop install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install and configure vsftpd
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "vsftpd");then
        apt-get -y install vsftpd && ftp_configure && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}vsftpd install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install openssh-server
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "openssh-server");then
        apt-get -y install openssh-server && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}openssh-server install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install and configure nfs-kernel-server
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "nfs-kernel-server");then
        apt-get -y install nfs-kernel-server && nfs_configure && \
        /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}nfs-kernel-server install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install portmap
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "portmap");then
        apt-get -y install portmap && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}portmap install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi

    #install and configure samba
    if (echo "${install_software_list[@]}" | grep -wq "samba");then
        apt-get -y install samba && samba_configure && echo -e "${BLUE_COLOR}samba install completed.${END_COLOR}" 
    fi


    #others
    get_host_type host_release

    FA_DoExec apt-get -y install \
    gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential \
    zip curl libc6-dev libncurses5-dev libncurses5-dev:i386 x11proto-core-dev \
    libx11-dev:i386 libreadline6-dev:i386 \
    libgl1-mesa-glx-lts-$host_release:i386 libgl1-mesa-dev-lts-$host_release \
    g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos libncurses5-dev:i386 \
    python-markdown libxml2-utils xsltproc zlib1g-dev:i386


    if [ ! -h /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so ]; then
    FA_DoExec ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mesa/libGL.so.1 \
        /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so
    fi

    # Development support
    FA_DoExec apt-get -y install \
    dos2unix minicom gawk

    echo -e "${GREEN_COLOR}software install completed.${END_COLOR}"
}

check_network
check_root
check_user_name

update_software_source
install_software

echo -e "${GREEN_COLOR}===================================================${END_COLOR}" 
echo -e "${GREEN_COLOR}============setup ubuntu host env ok!==============${END_COLOR}" 
echo -e "${GREEN_COLOR}===================================================${END_COLOR}"

su $user_name

exit 0

---

• 就目前来看，shell脚本还不算太难。主要就是提取某个文本内容，然后做出判断，对应执行。技巧性还是蛮多的，很有乐趣。
  遇到要实现某个功能，百度一下也基本有。调试的时候，能够打印出变量，或者提出局部代码进行运行测试，还是很方便的。