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导言
Android 6.0 之后开发指纹识别API,供开发者使用。其实在6.0之前就已经有了指纹识别这一功能。Samsung手机几乎在Android 4.2的时候就已经在手机上有指纹识别的传感器。各Android手机厂家为了竞争,也很早就加入了指纹识别这一功能。所以本文涉及的内容就是:
- Android 6.0及之后版本的指纹识别API实践
- Android Samsung 指纹识别API实践
- Android Meizu 指纹识别API实践
并将此指纹识别整合为SDK,供开发者使用。业务逻辑为:
Android M FingerManager API
注:本文只简单解析API的最佳调用方式,并不涉及FingerPrintManger类的解析。
首先需要构造FingerPrintManger的实例,此方法必须在OS Version>=23才能执行。需要权限USE_FINGERPRINT(已在Library 中配置)
控制FingerPrintManger指纹识别取消的是CancellationSignal类,所以构造此实例,用于取消指纹验证操作。
指纹识别会有自己的Callback,为FingerprintManager.AuthenticationCallback。重写三个方法即可:
-
onAuthenticationError
指纹识别的每一次错误都会回调到这个方法 -
onAuthenticationSucceeded
指纹识别认证成功调用此方法 -
onAuthenticationFailed
指纹识别认证失败调用次方法
此外,FingerPrintManger还有三个方法需要注意: -
isHardwareDetected
是否支持指纹识别 -
hasEnrolledFingerprints
是否注册了指纹 -
authenticate
开始识别
其中authenticate
方法有五个参数,分别为CryptoObject,CancellationSignal, int, AuthenticationCallback, Handler。
- CryptoObject 为加密对象,指纹识别过程数据被此CryptoObject加密,如果为null,则不会被加密
- CancellationSignal 为取消信号
- int flag 标志位,暂时默认为0
- AuthenticationCallback 识别的Callback
- Handler 指定Handler来处理指纹识别
关于AuthenticationCallback回调值,请看以下代码:
mAuthenticationCallback = new FingerprintManager.AuthenticationCallback() {
@Override
public void onAuthenticationError(int errorCode, CharSequence errString) {
switch (errorCode) {
case FingerprintManager.FINGERPRINT_ERROR_HW_UNAVAILABLE:
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_HW_UNAVAILABLE);
break;
case FingerprintManager.FINGERPRINT_ERROR_UNABLE_TO_PROCESS:
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_UNABLE_TO_PROCESS);
break;
case FingerprintManager.FINGERPRINT_ERROR_TIMEOUT:
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_TIMEOUT);
break;
case FingerprintManager.FINGERPRINT_ERROR_NO_SPACE:
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_NO_SPACE);
break;
case FingerprintManager.FINGERPRINT_ERROR_CANCELED:
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_USER_CANCEL);
break;
case FingerprintManager.FINGERPRINT_ERROR_LOCKOUT:
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_LOCKOUT);
break;
default:
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_OTHER);
break;
}
}
@Override
public void onAuthenticationSucceeded(FingerprintManager.AuthenticationResult result) {
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_SUCCESS);
}
@Override
public void onAuthenticationFailed() {
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_AUTHENTIFICATION_FAILED);
}
};
Android Meizu FingerManager API
同FingerPrintManger类类似,Meizu自己也写了一个FingerPrintManger来处理指纹识别的事务,只不过API更为简单。
魅族的FingerprintManager可以直接调用open()
方法初始化FingerprintManager实例。
通过mFM.isSurpport() && mFM.isFingerEnable();
来判断是否支持指纹识别
查看是否已注册指纹的方法是:mFM.getIds() != null
取消指纹识别:mFM.abort();
魅族指纹识别的Callback:FingerprintManager.IdentifyCallback 具体实现方法如下:
private FingerprintManager.IdentifyCallback mIdentifyCallback = new FingerprintManager.IdentifyCallback() {
@Override
public void onIdentified(int i, boolean b) {
mFM.release();
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_SUCCESS);
}
@Override
public void onNoMatch() {
mFM.release();
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_AUTHENTIFICATION_FAILED);
}
};
开始指纹识别:mFM.startIdentify(mIdentifyCallback, mFM.getIds());
更详细资料参见flyme文档
Android Samsung Finger Spass API
三星的指纹识别比其他厂家复杂的多,需要用到两个实例,一个是Spass,一个是SpassFingerprint。同样需要两个SDK,sdk-v1.0.0.jar, pass-v1.2.2.jar
首先是初始化实例:
mSpass = new Spass();
try {
mSpass.initialize(mContext);
} catch (Exception e) {
isFingerEnable = false;
}
mSpassFingerprint = new SpassFingerprint(mContext);
注意一下,如果initialize方法抛异常的话,说明肯定不支持指纹验证
所以说是否支持指纹验证的方法就是:
@Override
public boolean isFingerIdentifyEnabled() {
if (isFingerEnable){
isFingerEnable = mSpass.isFeatureEnabled(Spass.DEVICE_FINGERPRINT);
}
return isFingerEnable;
}
是否已注册指纹: mSpassFingerprint.hasRegisteredFinger();
取消指纹验证: mSpassFingerprint.cancelIdentify();
开始指纹验证: mSpassFingerprint.startIdentify(mIdentifyListener);
指纹验证CallBack:
private IdentifyListener mIdentifyListener = new IdentifyListener() {
@Override
public void onFinished(int eventStatus) {
Log.i("SamsungFinger", "eventStatus: " + eventStatus);
switch (eventStatus) {
case SpassFingerprint.STATUS_AUTHENTIFICATION_SUCCESS:
case SpassFingerprint.STATUS_AUTHENTIFICATION_PASSWORD_SUCCESS:
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_SUCCESS);
break;
case SpassFingerprint.STATUS_USER_CANCELLED:
case SpassFingerprint.STATUS_USER_CANCELLED_BY_TOUCH_OUTSIDE:
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_USER_CANCEL);
break;
case SpassFingerprint.STATUS_TIMEOUT_FAILED:
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_TIMEOUT);
break;
case SpassFingerprint.STATUS_SENSOR_FAILED:
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_HW_UNAVAILABLE);
break;
case SpassFingerprint.STATUS_OPERATION_DENIED:
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_LOCKOUT);
break;
case SpassFingerprint.STATUS_AUTHENTIFICATION_FAILED:
case SpassFingerprint.STATUS_QUALITY_FAILED:
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_AUTHENTIFICATION_FAILED);
break;
case SpassFingerprint.STATUS_BUTTON_PRESSED:
default:
sendResult(FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_OTHER);
break;
}
}
@Override public void onReady() {}
@Override public void onStarted() {}
@Override public void onCompleted() {}
};
实现方式
首先,我们已知的环境是有多种指纹识别的厂商SDK,而且这些厂商SDK最终的方法除了换了一个名字以外,实现的意义都是一样的:
- 是否支持指纹验证
- 是否已注册指纹
- 开始指纹验证
- 取消指纹验证
所以我们只需要定义好abstract基类BaseFingerInterpolator,以及返回接口FingerIdentifyCallBack和返回的resultCode就好了
BaseFingerInterpolator:
public abstract class BaseFingerInterpolator {
public final static int FINGER_IDENTIFY_SUCCESS = 0;
public final static int FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_USER_CANCEL = 1;
public final static int FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_HW_UNAVAILABLE = 2;
public final static int FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_UNABLE_TO_PROCESS = 3;
public final static int FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_TIMEOUT = 4;
public final static int FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_NO_SPACE = 5;
public final static int FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_LOCKOUT = 6;
public final static int FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_OTHER = 7;
public final static int FINGER_IDENTIFY_ERROR_AUTHENTIFICATION_FAILED = 8;
protected FingerIdentifyCallBack mCallBack;
protected Context mContext;
public BaseFingerInterpolator(Context context, FingerIdentifyCallBack callBack) {
this.mCallBack = callBack;
this.mContext = context;
}
protected void sendResult(int result){
if (mCallBack != null){
mCallBack.onIdentifyResult(result);
}
}
public abstract boolean isFingerIdentifyEnabled();
public abstract boolean hasEnrolledFingerprints();
public abstract void startFingerPrints();
public abstract void stopFingerPrints();
}
FingerIdentifyCallBack
public interface FingerIdentifyCallBack {
void onIdentifyResult(int result);
}
剩下的就是每个类实现对应的SDK的方法就好了。