首先我们要知道ViewManager接口:
package android.view;
public interface ViewManager
{
//添加View 我们主要看在ViewGroup和WindowManagerImpl中的实现
public void addView(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params);
//更新View的布局
public void updateViewLayout(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params);
//移除View
public void removeView(View view);
}
可以很清楚滴看到这接口是添加、更新和移除View的。其实还有一个很有意思的ViewParent接口,这里不讲了,后面的博客我会说。
ViewGroup实现ViewManager接口
public abstract class ViewGroup extends View implements ViewParent, ViewManager {
...
public void addView(View child, int index, LayoutParams params) {
if (DBG) {
System.out.println(this + " addView");
}
if (child == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot add a null child view to a ViewGroup");
}
// addViewInner() will call child.requestLayout() when setting the new LayoutParams
// therefore, we call requestLayout() on ourselves before, so that the child's request
// will be blocked at our level
requestLayout();
invalidate(true);
addViewInner(child, index, params, false);
}
...
}
WindowManagerImpl实现ViewManager接口:
WindowManager接口继承了ViewManager接口
public final class WindowManagerImpl implements WindowManager {
...
@Override
public void addView(@NonNull View view, @NonNull ViewGroup.LayoutParams params) {
applyDefaultToken(params);
mGlobal.addView(view, params, mContext.getDisplay(), mParentWindow);
}
...
}
这两个地方虽然都用了ViewManager接口,但是作用很不一样,下面我们来一步步验证吧。
一、Activity正常写法时页面结构
先了解一下Activity窗口的结构和组成:
上面结构图也是展示的正常写法时的样子,一个
Activity
对应一个
PhoneWindow
,一个
PhoneWindow
对应一个
DecorView
,
DecorView
其实就是一个
FrameLayout
控件,这个
DecorView
才是一个我们看到的界面的根View,一个FrameLayout类型的
ViewGroup
。其实DecorView中也是有一个xml布局文件的,在给DecorView填充布局文件时回根据对Activity设置不同的style来决定填充哪一个布局文件,下面是大概的源代码:
protected ViewGroup generateLayout(DecorView decor) {
...
// System.out.println("Title!");
} else if ((features & (1 << FEATURE_ACTION_MODE_OVERLAY)) != 0) {
layoutResource = R.layout.screen_simple_overlay_action_mode;
} else {
// Embedded, so no decoration is needed.
layoutResource = R.layout.screen_simple;
// System.out.println("Simple!");
}
mDecor.startChanging();
//把需要填充的布局文件addView的方式加入到FrameLayout类型的DecorView
mDecor.onResourcesLoaded(mLayoutInflater, layoutResource);
//ID_ANDROID_CONTENT 这个id就是我们Activity setContentView 操作的父布局的id
ViewGroup contentParent = (ViewGroup)findViewById(ID_ANDROID_CONTENT);
...
}
上面代码中DecorView有一个简单的填充布局screen_simple.xml,我们来看一下这个xml文件:
其实Activity 设置窗口无标题栏
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
就会加载screen_simple.xml这个布局文件。
好了,上面算是大概讲了一下Activity的结构了,看一下我们正常情况下在Activity中setContentView 的页面结构。
首先是我们的activity_test.xml布局文件:
布局很简单,就是一个LinearLayout中放了两个按钮而已。
ActivityTest.java代码:
public class ActivityTest extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_test);
}
}
Activity的代码很简单,上面都没做。
我们使用Android Studio的layout inspector工具看看页面结构:
二、Activity addContentView后的结构
activity_test.xml布局文件还是上面的布局文件,没有改动过,这里就不看了,只是在Activity的代码中动态滴加了一个Button:
public class ActivityTest extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_test);
Button button = new Button(this);
button.setText("AddBtn");
LinearLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
addContentView(button, layoutParams);
}
}
看一下布局结构:
我们加的一个Button直接加入到了DecorView中id为content的FrameLayout中了,跟我们setContent加入的布局文件是平行的关系。
那么我们看一下源代码:
@Override
public void addContentView(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params) {
//mContentParent 就是DecorView中id为content的FrameLayout
if (mContentParent == null) {
//setContent也要走这一步
installDecor();
}
if (hasFeature(FEATURE_CONTENT_TRANSITIONS)) {
// TODO Augment the scenes/transitions API to support this.
Log.v(TAG, "addContentView does not support content transitions");
}
//这里直接将view加入到了DecorView中id为content的FrameLayout中了,
//所以多次调用addContentView添加的View都是在id为content的FrameLayout中为平行关系
mContentParent.addView(view, params);
mContentParent.requestApplyInsets();
final Callback cb = getCallback();
if (cb != null && !isDestroyed()) {
cb.onContentChanged();
}
}
三、Activity getWindowManager().addView有什么不同?
我们直接试一下好了,ActivityTest.java代码如下:
public class ActivityTest extends Activity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_test);
Button button = new Button(this);
button.setText("addContentView AddBtn");
FrameLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
addContentView(button, layoutParams);
LinearLayout linearLayout = new LinearLayout(this);
Button buttonWM = new Button(this);
button.setText("WM addView AddBtnWM");
LinearLayout.LayoutParams layoutParams1L = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
layoutParams1L.gravity = Gravity.BOTTOM;
linearLayout.addView(buttonWM, layoutParams1L);
WindowManager.LayoutParams layoutParams1WM = getWindow().getAttributes();
getWindowManager().addView(linearLayout,layoutParams1WM);
}
}
运行我们查看布局的时候出现了:
分别打开两个页面结构:
其实出现了跟DecorView平级的一个布局,其实我们getWindowManager().addView的流程是:
getWindowManager().addView—》WindowManagerGlobal.addView—》下面就是代码了:
public void addView(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params,
Display display, Window parentWindow){
...
//创建新的ViewRootImpl
root = new ViewRootImpl(view.getContext(), display);
view.setLayoutParams(wparams);
mViews.add(view);
mRoots.add(root);
mParams.add(wparams);
// do this last because it fires off messages to start doing things
try {
root.setView(view, wparams, panelParentView);
}
...
}
看代码就是生成了一个DecorView
级别的布局,存在于PhoneWindow
中。看代码我们发现Activity中有一个方法:
void makeVisible() {
if (!mWindowAdded) {
ViewManager wm = getWindowManager();
//将DecorView、ViewRootImpl、PhoneWindow、WindowManagerImpl关联起来
wm.addView(mDecor, getWindow().getAttributes());
mWindowAdded = true;
}
mDecor.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
}
这个方法其实就是Activity被创建后ActivityThread
类的handleResumeActivity
方法中被调用的,就是将DecorView
与WindowManagerImpl
关联,WindowManagerImpl
的addview方法add的是DecorView
。
注意:
不管是WindowManagerImpl
还是ViewGroup的addView(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params)方法都是来自于ViewManager
接口,但是在ViewGroup中是将普通的view或者ViewGroup作为Children加入,但是在WindowManagerImpl
是将DecorView
作为根布局加入到PhoneWindow中去,虽然都是基于同一个ViewManager
接口,但是起作用截然不同啊!感觉这里谷歌复用此接口有点随意了!
四、扒一扒ViewGroup的addView
直接看源代码:
public void addView(View child, int index, LayoutParams params) {
if (DBG) {
System.out.println(this + " addView");
}
if (child == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot add a null child view to a ViewGroup");
}
// addViewInner() will call child.requestLayout() when setting the new LayoutParams
// therefore, we call requestLayout() on ourselves before, so that the child's request
// will be blocked at our level
//先重新布局一下
requestLayout();
//刷新一下
invalidate(true);
//正式addView
addViewInner(child, index, params, false);
}
加下来看addViewInner方法:
private void addViewInner(View child, int index, LayoutParams params,
boolean preventRequestLayout) {
...
if (preventRequestLayout) {
child.mLayoutParams = params;
} else {
//设置新的layoutparams会调用requestLayout()方法
child.setLayoutParams(params);
}
if (index < 0) { //计算加入的View在
index = mChildrenCount;
}
//
addInArray(child, index);
...
}
addInArray方法:
private void addInArray(View child, int index) {
View[] children = mChildren;
final int count = mChildrenCount;
final int size = children.length;
if (index == count) {
if (size == count) {
mChildren = new View[size + ARRAY_CAPACITY_INCREMENT];
System.arraycopy(children, 0, mChildren, 0, size);
children = mChildren;
}
children[mChildrenCount++] = child;
} else if (index < count) {
if (size == count) {
mChildren = new View[size + ARRAY_CAPACITY_INCREMENT];
System.arraycopy(children, 0, mChildren, 0, index);
System.arraycopy(children, index, mChildren, index + 1, count - index);
children = mChildren;
} else {
System.arraycopy(children, index, children, index + 1, count - index);
}
children[index] = child;
mChildrenCount++;
if (mLastTouchDownIndex >= index) {
mLastTouchDownIndex++;
}
} else {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("index=" + index + " count=" + count);
}
}
就是将需要add的view加入到ViewGroup的View[] mChildren数组中去,加入接下来的绘制会用for循环来measureChildren、layoutChildren和dispatchDraw来处理数组中的每一个子view,但是上面看到 requestLayout()和invalidate(true)发生 addViewInner()方法之前,感觉有点没看懂,在我们手动向ViewGroup中addView后习惯性调用invalidate()方法,保证界面及时刷新。
注意:
不管是WindowManagerImpl
还是ViewGroup的addView(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params)方法都是来自于ViewManager
接口,但是在ViewGroup中是将普通的view或者ViewGroup作为Children加入,但是在WindowManagerImpl
是将DecorView
作为根布局加入到PhoneWindow中去,虽然都是基于同一个ViewManager
接口,但是起作用截然不同啊!感觉这里谷歌复用此接口有点随意了!