1. gravestone （countable noun）
A gravestone is a large stone with words carved into it, which is placed on a grave.
Synonyms:headstone,stone,monument,tombstone
2. hoary
If you describe a problem or subject as hoary, you mean that it is old and familiar.
...the hoary old myth that women are unpredictable.
Synonyms:old,aged,ancient,antique
He told a few hoary old jokes and nobody laughed.他讲了几个老掉牙的笑话，没人觉得好笑。
literary(of a person) very old and with white or grey hair
（人）老的，白发的，头发灰白的
3. obituary noun[C]
a report, especially in a newspaper, that gives the news of someone's death and details about their life
（尤指报纸上的）讣告，讣闻
4. Minnesota Orchestra 2012–2014 lockout
On October 1, 2012, the Minnesota Orchestral Association (the orchestra's governing body) locked out the orchestra's musicians and canceled concerts through November 18 after failing to reach a new collective bargaining agreement. The MOA stated that spending on musician salaries and benefits was depleting the organization's endowment, and that labor costs needed to be reduced by $5 million per year. The musicians and their union took the position that the proposed cuts were so deep and draconian as to represent an existential threat to the future of the orchestra.
lockout
an occasion when an employer prevents workers from entering their place of work until they agree to particular conditions:
The General Strike in 1926 was caused by the lockout of coal miners.
5. spasm of sth
a short period of something, especially something that cannot becontrolled
（尤指难以控制的）一阵…
a spasm of guilt/coughing/laughing一阵内疚／咳嗽／大笑
6. morbidity noun[U]
specialized medical the morbidity of a disease is how many people have it in a particular population:
morbidity rates
morbidity statistics
7. demise
sb's demise
the death of a person
死亡，逝世
the end of something that was previously considered to be powerful, such as a business,industry, or system
倒闭；败落；垮台
The demise of the company was sudden and unexpected.该公司出人意料地突然倒闭了。
8. superfluous
Something that is superfluous is unnecessary or is no longer needed.
My presence at the afternoon's proceedings was superfluous.
I rid myself of many superfluous belongings and habits that bothered me.
Synonyms:excess,surplus,redundant,remaining
9. kick the bucket
slang
to die
10. autopsy
1.an examination and dissection of a dead body to discover the cause of death,damaged one by disease, etc.;postmortem
2.a detailed critical analysis of a book, play, etc., or of some event
3.to examine (a body) in this manner
11. purportedly
in a way that is stated to be true, although this may not be the case:
The study purportedly found that men married to smart women live longer.
12. comatose
specialized medical in a coma
处于昏迷状态的
informal very tired or in a deep sleep because of extreme tiredness, hard work, or too much alcohol
（因极度疲倦、劳累或酗酒而）极困倦的，昏睡的
By midnight I was virtually comatose.到了午夜时分，我差不多昏睡过去了。
13.stakes
1.the money that a player has available for gambling
poker games with stakes of many hundreds of dollars
The game was usually played for high stakes between two large groups.
2. a prize in a race, etc, esp one made up of contributions from contestants or owners
3. a race in which all owners of competing horses contribute to the prize money
4.risks
For Mr Blair the political stakes could hardly have been higher.
14. concerntroll (pluralconcern trolls)
(Internet slang)Someone who posts to an internet forum or news group, claiming to share its goals while deliberately working against those goals, typically, by claiming "concern" about group plans to engage in productive activity, urging members instead to attempt some activity that would damage the group's credibility, or alternatively to give up on group projects entirely.
15. toss
1.If you toss something somewhere, you throw it there lightly, often in a rather careless way.
He screwed the paper into a ball and tossed it into the fire.
He tossed his blanket aside and got up.
Synonyms:throw,pitch,hurl,fling
2.If you toss your head or toss your hair, you move your head backwards, quickly and suddenly, often as a way of expressing an emotion such as anger or contempt.
'I'm sure I don't know.' Cook tossed her head.
Gasping, she tossed her hair out of her face.
Synonyms:throw back,jerk,jolt
16. barb
1. point
the sharp part that points backwards from a fishhook(=curved piece of wire)or arrow, making it hard to remove it from something
（鱼钩或箭头的）倒钩，倒刺
2. barb noun[C](REMARK)
aremarkthat isfunnybutunkind
带刺的话
I tried to ignore their barbs about my new jacket.我努力不去理会他们针对我的新夹克说的那些连讽带刺的话。
17. abstruse
You can describe something asabstruse if you find it difficult to understand,especially when you think it could be explained more simply.
[formal,disapproval]
...fruitless discussions about abstruse resolutions.
Synonyms:obscure,complex,confusing,puzzling
18. savagery
uncountable noun
Savagery is extremely cruel and violent behaviour.
...the sheer savagery of war.
Synonyms:cruelty,brutality,ferocity,ruthlessness
19. maniacal
If you describe someone's behaviour as maniacal, you mean that it is extreme,violent, or very determined, as if the person were insane.
[disapproval]
He was almost maniacal in his pursuit of sporting records.
She is hunched forward over the wheel with a maniacal expression.
Synonyms:crazed,mad,crazy[informal],insane
maniacally(mənaɪəkli)adverb
He was last seen striding maniacally to the hotel reception.
...maniacally abrasive guitar pop.
20. intendant
1.a provincial or colonial official of France,Spain, or Portugal
2.a senior administrator in some countries, esp in Latin America
3. a super intendent or manager
21.pundit
A pundit is a person who knows a lot about a subject and is often asked to give information or opinions about it to the public.
...a well known political pundit.
Synonyms:expert,guru,maestro,buff[informal]
22. stats
plural noun
Stats are facts which are obtained from analysing information expressed in numbers.Stats is an abbreviation for 'statistics'.
[informal]
...a fall in April's retail sales stats.
23. jeremiad noun[C]
a long list of complaints or problems:
The critic delivers regular jeremiads against the contemporary art world.
24. aberration
1.variable noun
An aberration is an incident or way of behaving that is not typical.
It became very clear that the incident was not just an aberration, it was not just a single incident.
Synonyms:anomaly,exception,defect,abnormalityMore Synonyms of aberration
2.variable noun
If someone considers a person or their behaviour to be anaberration, they think that they are strange and not socially acceptable.
[formal,disapproval]
Single people are treated as an aberration and made to pay a supplement.
...sexual aberration.
Synonyms:oddity,abnormality,rarity,eccentricity
25. agitator
countable noun
If you describe someone involved in politics as an agitator, you disapprove of them because of the trouble they cause in organizing campaigns and protests.
[disapproval]
...a famous actress who was accused of being a political agitator.
Synonyms:troublemaker,revolutionary,inciter,firebrand
26. palpable
so obvious that it can easily be seen or known, or (of a feeling) so strong that it seems as if it can be touched or physically felt:
a palpable effect
Her joy was palpable.
27. apathy
a lack of interest or enthusiasm
his apathy towards his work.
28.acumen
skill in making correct decisions and judgments in a particular subject, such as business or politics:
She has considerable business/financial acumen.
29. split
a division within a group or organization
the split in the Republican party
la scission du parti républicain
a break that forms a long thin line
a split in his pants
une déchirure de son pantalon
30. pretentious
If you say that someone or something is pretentious, you mean that they try to seem important or significant, but you do not think that they are.
[disapproval]
His response was full of pretentious nonsense.
This pub was of a very different type, smaller, less pretentious.
Synonyms:affected,mannered,exaggerated,pompous
31. snob
1.countable noun
If you call someone a snob, you disapprove of them because they admire upper-class people and have a low opinion of lower-class people.
3[disapproval]
Going to a private school had made her a snob.
Kenneth is an arrogant, rude, social snob.
2.countable noun
If you call someone a snob, you disapprove of them because they behave as if they are superior to other people because of their intelligence or taste.
[disapproval]
She was an intellectual snob.
...a first class food snob.
32. niche
1.countable noun
A niche in the market is a specific area of marketing which has its own particular requirements,customers, and products.
[business]
I think we have found a niche in the toy market.
Small companies can do extremely well if they can fill a specific market niche.
2.adjective
Niche marketing is the practice of dividing the market into specialized areas for which particular products are made. Anichemarket is one of these specialized areas.
[business]
Many media experts see such all-news channels as part of a general move towards niche marketing.
33. polyglot adjective
speaking or using several different languages
操多种语言的，多种语言混合的
She was reading a polyglot bible, with the text in English,Latin and Greek.成。
containing people from many different and distant places
由来自不同地方的人组成的
New York is an exciting polyglot city.纽约是一个令人兴奋的多元化城市。
思维导图
安妮版本
