通过mkstore配置Oracle与MySQL无密码登录

通过mkstore配置Oracle与MySQL无密码登录，无密码登录在一定程度上能够简化流程，对于密码敏感，但是又需要提供访问权限的情况下是一个不错的选择。尤其是在乙方在做一些操作的时候，要密码和给密码是一个纠结的问题。不给没法工作，给了又对信息安全又影响。
在Oracle和MySQL中都有相应的解决方案，大道至简，这个功能的目的都是类似的。
在Oracle中可以通过设置wallet来实现，在10g版本开始支持。而在MySQL中自5.6版本开始可以使用--login-path来实现。
先来看看Oracle中的wallet实现无密码登录，可以通过mkstore来配置，我们可以使用--help得到命令使用的帮助。
[ora11g@oel1 admin]$ mkstore --help
Oracle Secret Store Tool : Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Copyright (c) 2004, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
No wallet location specified. 
mkstore [-wrl wrl] [-create] [-createSSO] [-createLSSO] [-createALO] [-delete] [-deleteSSO] [-list] [-createEntry alias secret] [-viewEntry alias] [-modifyEntry alias secret] [-deleteEntry alias] [-createCredential connect_string username password] [-listCredential] [-modifyCredential connect_string username password] [-deleteCredential connect_string] [-help] [-nologo]
我们首先来创建钱包，指定钱包路径为/u02/ora11g/wallet，对于密码还是有一定的要求，太简单也不行。
$  mkstore -wrl /u02/ora11g/wallet -create
Oracle Secret Store Tool : Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Copyright (c) 2004, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Enter password:          
Enter password again:   
生成钱包后，会在指定的路径下生成两个文件。
$ ll
total 8
-rw------- 1 ora11g dba 3589 May 17 21:37 cwallet.sso
-rw------- 1 ora11g dba 3512 May 17 21:37 ewallet.p12
我们可以指定临时的连接串来配置到钱包里面，比如我们认为test11g是一个临时连接串，可以使用tnsping来测试，确保连接串是可访问的。
$tnsping test11g
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oel1.oracle.com)(PORT = 1511))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = TEST11G)))
OK (0 msec)
配置完成之后，我们需要在登录之前在sqlnet.ora中配置钱包的路径。sqlnet.ora中需要配置的内容如下：
$ cat sqlnet.ora
WALLET_LOCATION =
  (SOURCE =
    (METHOD = FILE)
    (METHOD_DATA =
      (DIRECTORY = /u02/ora11g/wallet)
    )
  )

SQLNET.WALLET_OVERRIDE=true
这些配置都搞定以后我们就可以指定对应的连接串，对应的用户名密码。
$ mkstore -wrl /u02/ora11g/wallet -createCredential test11g n1 n1
Oracle Secret Store Tool : Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Copyright (c) 2004, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Enter wallet password:  l       1
Create credential oracle.security.client.connect_string1
配置完成之后工作就完成了，我们可以简单验证一下。
$  sqlplus /@test11g
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun May 17 21:45:59 2015
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
n1@TEST11G> 

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而如果使用MySQL来实现，则需要通过mysql_config_editor来配置。
mysql_config_editor的命令提示如下，可以看出可使用的选项还是相对比较简单的。
[mysql@oel1 ~]$ mysql_config_editor set --help
mysql_config_editor Ver 1.0 Distrib 5.6.23, for linux-glibc2.5 on i686
Copyright (c) 2012, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

MySQL Configuration Utility.
Description: Write a login path to the login file.
Usage: mysql_config_editor [program options] [set [command options]]
  -?, --help          Display this help and exit.
  -h, --host=name     Host name to be entered into the login file.
  -G, --login-path=name 
                      Name of the login path to use in the login file. (Default
                      : client)
  -p, --password      Prompt for password to be entered into the login file.
  -u, --user=name     User name to be entered into the login file.
  -S, --socket=name   Socket path to be entered into login file.
  -P, --port=name     Port number to be entered into login file.
  -w, --warn          Warn and ask for confirmation if set command attempts to
                      overwrite an existing login path (enabled by default).
                      (Defaults to on; use --skip-warn to disable.)
我们直接可以通过一个命令来完成配置，制定这个无密码登录的别名为fastlogin

[mysql@oel1 ~]$ mysql_config_editor set --login-path=fastlogin --user=root --host=localhost --password --socket=/u02/mysql/mysqld_mst.sock
Enter password: 
配置完成之后，会在当前路径下生成一个隐藏文件.mylogin.cnf
[mysql@oel1 ~]$ ll -la .mylogin*
-rw------- 1 mysql dba 480 May 17 22:10 .mylogin.cnf
[mysql@oel1 ~]$ 
大功告成，这个时候直接登录即可。
[mysql@oel1 ~]$  mysql --login-path=fastlogin
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.23-enterprise-commercial-advanced-log MySQL Enterprise Server - Advanced Edition (Commercial)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
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